Assessment of the genotoxicity of two agricultural residues after processing by diplopods using the Allium cepa assay

Agroindustrial by-products and residues from treatment of sewage sludge have been recently recycled as soil amendments. This study was aimed at assessing toxic potential of biosolid, obtained from a sewage treatment plant (STP), vinasse, a by-product of the sugar cane industry, and a combination of both residues using Allium cepa assay. Bioprocessing of these samples by a terrestrial invertebrate (diplopod Rhinocricus padbergi) was also examined. Bioassay assembly followed standards of the Brazilian legislation for disposal of these residues. After adding residues, 20 diplopods were placed in each terrarium, where they remained for 30 days. Chemical analysis and the A. cepa assay were conducted before and after bioprocessing by diplopods. At the end of the bioassay, there was a decrease in arsenic and mercury. For the remaining metals, accumulation and/or bioavailability varied in all samples but suggested bioprocessing by animals. The A. cepa test revealed genotoxic effects characterized by different chromosome aberrations. Micronuclei and chromosome breaks on meristematic cells and F1 cells with micronuclei were examined to assess mutagenicity of samples. After 30 days, the genotoxic effects were significantly reduced in the soil + biosolid and soil + biosolid + vinasse groups as well as the mutagenic effects in the soil + biosolid + vinasse group. Similar to vermicomposting, bioprocessing of residues by diplopods can be a feasible alternative and used prior to application in crops to improve degraded soils and/or city dumps. Based on our findings, further studies are needed to adequately dispose of these residues in the environment. © 2013 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht.

Testing extractants for Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn in tropical soils treated with sewage sludge for 13 consecutive years

In this paper, we report on a field experiment being carried out in a Typic Eutrorthox. The experiment was initiated in the 1997-98 agricultural season as a randomized block design with four treatments (0, 5, 10, and 20 t ha -1) of sewage sludge and five replicates. Compound soil samples were obtained from 20 subsamples collected at depths of 0-0.1 and 0.1-0.2 m. Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn concentrations were extracted with DTPA pH 7.3; 0.1 mol L -1 HCl, Mehlich-I, Mehlich-III, and 0.01 mol L-1 CaCl 2. Metal concentrations were determined via atomic absorption spectrometry. Diagnostic leaves and the whole above-ground portion of plants were collected to determine Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn concentrations extracted by nitric-perchloric digestion and later determined via atomic absorption spectrometry. Sewage sludge application caused increases in the concentrations of soil Cu, Fe, and Mn in samples taken from the 0-0.1 m depth evaluated by the extractants Mehlich-I, Mehlich-III, 0.01 mol L-1 HCl and DTPA pH 7.3. None of the extractants provided efficient estimates of changes in Mn concentrations. The acid extractants extracted more Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn than the saline and chelating solutions. The highest concentrations of Cu, Fe, and Zn were obtained with Mehlich-III, while the highest concentrations of Mn were obtained with HCl. We did not observe a correlation between the extractants and the concentrations of elements in the diagnostic leaves nor in the tissues of the whole maize plant (Zea mays L.). © 2013 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht.

Efeito do lodo de esgoto e do nitrogênio nos fatores produtivos do girassol

In Brazil, among the various alternatives for final disposal of sewage sludge, agricultural use is notable for its economy and environmental compatibility. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of composted sewage sludge and N parameters on sunflower production after the sixth application of sewage sludge in different doses. The experiment was conducted at the Experimental Farm São Manuel-SP, belonging to the Faculty of Agronomic Sciences, UNESP, Botucatu-SP. The experimental design adopted was randomized blocks, consisting of six treatments and four replications defined as follows: T0 - without nitrogen fertilization; T1 - chemical nitrogen fertilizer in accordance with the recommendation for the crop; T2 - 50% nitrogen derived from sewage sludge and 50% in mineral form; T3 - 100% nitrogen from sewage sludge; T4 - 150% nitrogen from sewage sludge; T5 - 200% nitrogen from sewage sludge. Increasing the dose of sewage sludge and N provided an increase in grain yield, oil and dry matter. The N influenced the increase in the weight of thousand grans.

Efeito do manejo e de níveis de lodo de esgoto na fertilidade do solo após tres aplicações

The agricultural use of sewage sludge as organic fertilizer is considered nowadays as on alternative of disposal, in the end of the residue in addition to possible environmental problems, it's using can decrease the mineral fertilizers and avoid provide organic matter to the soil. The objective of this study it was to evaluate the parameters of soil fertility under different managements and doses of sewage sludge after the third application of the residue. The experiment was carried out in São Manuel - SP, with the cultivation of sunflower in two consecutives cycles, followed by wheat and triticale without application of the residual, and in the following year with the application of sewage sludge and cultivated the black oats. It was adopted a randomized complete block design, consisting of six treatments and five repetitions defined as follows: T0 - without fertilization; T1 - mineral fertilizer nitrogen according to crop need, T2 - 50% of N from sewage sludge and 50% in mineral form, T3 - 100% of N from sewage sludge, T4 - 150% of N from sewage sludge, T5 - 200% of N derived from sewage sludge. Soil samples were collected in the end of the trial of oats. There were an increase in the levels of P, H + Al, CEC and OM, B, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn as a function of increasing dose of sewage sludge. To V% and pH were decreased the values in the proportional soil to the increase of sludge dose until 24 and 22 t ha-1, respectively and after increasing the pH and V%.

Adubação fosfatada e lodo de esgoto compostado na nutrição da mamoneira de porte baixo, cultivada sob calagem e silicatagem

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Agricultura) - FCA

Avaliação do potencial citotóxico, genotóxico e mutagênico de esgoto por meio dos sistemas-teste Allium cepa e Tradescantia pallida

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Tratamento de manipueira de fecularia em biodigestor anaeróbio para disposição em corpo receptor, rede pública ou uso em fertirrigação

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Energia na Agricultura) - FCA

Biodigestão anaeróbia de águas residuárias humanas: composição do biogás e qualidade do efluente

Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FCAV

Bário, cádmio, cromo e chumbo em plantas de milho e em Latossolo que recebeu lodo de esgoto por onze anos consecutivos

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Estudo térmico, caracterização e análise de compostos orgânicos em amostras de iodo de esgoto das cidades de São Carlos - SP e Jaú - SP

Pós-graduação em Química - IQ

Tratamento físico-químico de efluentes de curtume por meio de filtros de membrana seletiva

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Uso de flutuadores como ferramenta de avaliação da influência do vento na circulação de uma lagoa de estabilização facultativa primária

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Civil - FEIS

Pesquisa de ovos de helmintos em lodo de esgoto oriundo de Campo Grande (MS) após tratamento anaeróbico

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FMVZ

Avaliação da viabilidade do lodo de esgosto como recondicionante de solos agrícolas, após processo de atenuação natural, por meio de diferentes bioensaios

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Avaliação da toxicidade de resíduos industriais e urbanos aplicados na agricultura

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)