COMPORTAMENTO DO NONI À SALINIDADE DA ÁGUA DE IRRIGAÇÃO EM SOLO COM BIOFERTILIZANTE BOVINO1.

O excesso de sais no solo e em águas utilizadas para irrigação podem provocar perdas significativas de crescimento e de produção em plantas cultivadas. Dentre algumas alternativas para redução dos efeitos negativos dos sais às plantas em áreas cultivadas, a utilização do biofertilizante fermentado vem sendo explorada no cultivo de hortaliças e frutíferas irrigadas com água salina. Nesse sentido, o trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o comportamento do noni à salinidade da água de irrigação em substrato sem e com biofertilizante bovino. Os tratamentos foram distribuídos em blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições, utilizando o arranjo fatorial 5 x 2, correspondente a cinco níveis de condutividade elétrica da água de irrigação (0,5; 1,5; 3,0; 4,5; 6,0 dS m-1), em substratos com e sem biofertilizante bovino. Foram avaliados: altura de plantas, diâmetro do caule, número de folhas, área foliar, matéria seca da parte aérea e consumo hídrico. Todas as variáveis avaliadas foram influenciadas negativamente pelo incremento de sais na água de irrigação, mas sempre com menor intensidade nos tratamentos com biofertilizante bovino. O biofertilizante não elimina, mas atenua os efeitos negativos dos sais às plantas de noni.

Crescimento e conteúdo de prolina em plântulas de guandu submetidas a estresse osmótico e à putrescina exógena

O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar o efeito da aplicação da poliamina putrescina no acúmulo de prolina e no crescimento inicial de plântulas de guandu cultivadas sob estresse hídrico ou salino, e avaliar se esta poliamina pode ser usada como atenuadora desses estresses. Sementes de duas cultivares de guandu, BRS Mandarim e Caqui, foram germinadas em caixas gerbox forradas com papel de filtro umedecido com 0,0, -0,2, -0,3, -0,4, -0,5 MPa de PEG 6000 ou 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 e 120 mmol L-1 de NaCl, na ausência (0 mmol L-1) ou na presença (0,5 mmol L-1) de putrescina. Utilizou-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em arranjo fatorial 2x5x2 e 2x6x2 (duas cultivares, cinco níveis de deficiência hídrica ou seis níveis de estresse salino, e presença ou ausência de putrescina), com quatro repetições. O crescimento das plântulas é acentuadamente reduzido pelas condições de restrição hídrica e salinidade. A putrescina exógena incrementa, sob ambos os estresses, os teores de prolina nas plântulas de guandu, especialmente na cultivar BRS Mandarin, e atenua os efeitos da deficiência hídrica moderada nas cultivares estudadas. Os estresses de restrição hídrica e de salinidade causam acúmulo de prolina na parte aérea e nas raízes de ambas as cultivares. A prolina pode ser considerada um bom indicador bioquímico e fisiológico desses estresses em plântulas de guandu.

Halotolerance, ligninase production and herbicide degradation ability of basidiomycetes strains

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Effects of Thermal Stress on Hepatic Melanomacrophages of Eupemphix nattereri (Anura)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes Models: Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Fetal Outcomes

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Influence of glyceryl guaiacolate ether on anesthetics in tilapia compared to benzocaine and eugenol

Objective. The study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of glyceryl guaiacolate ether (GGE) and compare the times of induction, recovery, hematological changes, total protein and glycaemia among anesthetics in Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Materials and methods. A total of 60 tilapia distributed in 3 aquariums (N=20) were used, which formed the group benzocaine (100 mg/L), eugenol (50 mg/L) and guaiacol glyceryl ether (9.000 mg/L). After the induction of anesthesia fish blood samples were collected to determine the complete hemogram and glycemia. Then the animals were placed in aquariums with running water for assessing the anesthesia recovery. Results. It was verified that GGE showed longer induction and recovery times as well a significant increase (p<0.05) of glycemia, when compared with the other groups (p<0.05). The concentration of total protein did not differ between groups (p>0.05). An increase in the number of monocytes in the group treated with benzocaine (p<0.05) was observed in the analysis of the hematological parameters with no difference between groups for other variables. Conclusions. Eugenol and benzocaine allow rapid induction and recovery in Nile tilapia, without evidence of stress during handling and GGE showed high induction and recovery times, being inadequate for anesthetic use in Nile tilapia.

Estresse hídrico induzido por soluções de peg e de nacl na germinação de sementes de nabiça e fedegoso

The plants are subject to the conditions of multiple stresses, such as water and salt stress, which limit their development and their chances of survival. Aware of the factors that control seed germination can generate support for management strategies of weed species. The objective of this study was to evaluate the possible effects of water stress caused by PEG and NaCl solutions on germination of wild Raphanus raphanistrum and Senna obtusifolia seeds. The seeding was done with four repetitions of 50 seeds on moistened paper with solutions of polyethylene glycol (PEG 6000) and NaCl at osmotic potentials of 0.0, -0.2, -0.4 and -0.8 MPa. The germination test was conducted at 25 degrees C in the presence of light, evaluating the first test score to seven days after sowing, and weekly, germination (normal seedlings) until 35 days; it was also calculated the index germination rate. The results allowed the conclusion that water stress by PEG causes a greater reduction in force, speed of germination and accumulated germination of seeds of Raphanus raphanistrum and Senna obtusifolia seeds. The Senna obtusifolia was more tolerant to water stress.

Performance and carcass quality of feedlot- or pasture-finished Nellore heifers according to feeding managements in the postweaning phase

The objective of this study was to evaluate the postweaning history of heifers kept on marandu grass pastures with three canopy heights, in a continuous-grazing system, during the rainy period, on feedlot-or pasture finishing. The effects of three canopy heights (15, 25 and 35 cm) associated with two supplements (mineral salt and protein-energy supplement) and two finishing systems in the dry period (feedlot and open pasture) were studied in the postweaning period during the rainy season. The adopted design was completely randomized, with seven replications (animals) in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement. The animals which received protein-energy supplement reached the finishing period with greater body weight in relation to those fed mineral salt. In both feedlot and pasture finishing systems, compensatory gain effect was observed in the animals that remained on the low pastures during postweaning compared with the high pastures. This compensatory gain was not verified in the animals that received protein-energy supplement in relation to the mineral salt, and thus the animals were slaughtered beforehand. The heifers on pastures with 25 or 35 cm in height were slaughtered in the same period, and those kept on the low pastures were slaughtered afterwards. The studied factors in the postweaning phase did not affect the carcass characteristics. Animals finished in feedlot slaughtered with the same body weight as those finished on pasture show greater carcass yield, subcutaneous fat deposition and renal pelvic and inguinal fat and greater losses with trimmings for cleaning the main hindquarter meat cuts; however, they provide cuts with the same weight but greater fat cover.

Cytotoxic, biochemical and genotoxic effects of biodiesel produced by different routes on ZFL cell line

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Proteomic Analysis of Gastrocnemius Muscle in Rats with Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes and Chronically Exposed to Fluoride

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Aplicação de extratos de algas marinhas em cafeeiro sob deficiência hídrica e estresse salino

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Irrigação e Drenagem) - FCA

Vulnerabilidade ao stress e estratégias de enfrentamento de líderes religiosos cristãos

Pós-graduação em Psicologia do Desenvolvimento e Aprendizagem - FC

Respostas bioquímicas e fisiológicas de plantas jovens de cana-de-açúcar sob diferentes concentrações de NaCl no solo

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Produção Vegetal) - FCAV

Protease-inhibiting, molecular modeling and antimicrobial activities of extracts and constituents from Helichrysum foetidum and Helichrysum mechowianum (compositae)

Background Helichrysum species are used extensively for stress-related ailments and as dressings for wounds normally encountered in circumcision rites, bruises, cuts and sores. It has been reported that Helichysum species are used to relief abdominal pain, heart burn, cough, cold, wounds, female sterility, menstrual pain. Results From the extracts of Helichrysum foetidum (L.) Moench, six known compounds were isolated and identified. They were 7, 4′-dihydroxy-5-methoxy-flavanone (1), 6′-methoxy-2′,4, 4′-trihydroxychalcone (2), 6′-methoxy-2′,4-dihydroxychalcone -4′-O-β-D-glucoside (3), apigenin (4), apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucoside (5), kaur-16-en-18-oic acid (6) while two known compounds 3,5,7-trihydroxy-8-methoxyflavone (12), 4,5-dicaffeoyl quinic acid (13) together with a mixture of phytosterol were isolated from the methanol extract of Helichrysum mechowianum Klatt. All the compounds were characterized by spectroscopic and mass spectrometric methods, and by comparison with literature data. Both extracts and all the isolates were screened for the protease inhibition, antibacterial and antifungal activities. In addition, the phytochemical profiles of both species were investigated by ESI-MS experiments. Conclusions These results showed that the protease inhibition assay of H. foetidum could be mainly attributed to the constituents of flavonoids glycosides (3, 5) while the compound (13) from H. mechowianum contributes to the stomach protecting effects. In addition, among the antibacterial and antifungal activities of all the isolates, compound (6) was found to possess a potent inhibitor effect against the tested microorganisms. The heterogeneity of the genus is also reflected in its phytochemical diversity. The differential bioactivities and determined constituents support the traditional use of the species. Molecular modelling was carried out by computing selected descriptors related to drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity (ADMET).

Synergy between polyaniline and OMt clay mineral in Langmuir-Blodgett films for the simultaneous detection of traces of metal ions

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)