A construção social da identidade territorial em dois assentamentos humanos na cidade de Huánuco - Peru

O trabalho analisa como se estabelece o processo de construção social de uma identidade territorial em dois assentamentos humanos na cidade de Huánuco, Peru. Os processos de assentamento se configuram por movimentos migratórios autônomos, por processo de migração forçada (refugiados), ou por políticas públicas específicas de assentamentos humanos, seja por instrumentos de reforma agrária e ou por reordenamento territorial, bem como por iniciativas concretas construídas pelos sujeitos a partir de sua atuação em movimentos sociais. Estes últimos se estabelecem de forma mais acentuada na América Latina, no campo e na cidade, por meio dos movimentos sociais de luta pela terra; no Brasil, em particular no campo, o MST se constitui em um grande protagonista, assim como em lutas por moradia também se encontra um movimento mais articulado denominado Movimento dos Sem Teto. Buscou-se compreender melhor como esses movimentos ocorrem no Peru e tendo como base empírica o município de Huánuco. Destaca-se que esse processo de reorganização espacial dos sujeitos gera dúvidas quanto a se constituir em um território de emancipação, de constituição de liberdade organizativa e de gestão, com capacidade de se transformar em elemento de alteridade, ou simplesmente de subordinação, confinamento, não permitindo a constituição de uma comunidade livre e autônoma. Diante destas questões exige-se uma reflexão sobre o processo de construção social de uma identidade territorial, como forma de entender as dinâmicas de apropriação territorial que se efetiva por comunidades nesta nova espacialidade ocupada e vivenciada, delimitando claramente se esta espacialidade constitui um território per si ou em si. Para Sartre o per si é o fazer conscientemente, construindo para si significação sobre sua existência prática e cotidiana no mundo... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

A construção da notícia no portal choike.org: comunicação alternativa na internet

This project aims to study the influence of information technology in the construction of new forms of citizenship. A large space as possible by the Internet allows the emergence of alternative news sources, as opposed to the means of mass communication. The research will take from the study of the news portal Choike.org. Maintained by civil society representatives, the website has a proposal to address topics that are infrequent in the media hegemony. To facilitate the study, we established a cut. Let's look at five bulletins Choike.org portal between the years 2005 and 2010 that address the issue of agrarian reform in Latin America, especially in Brazil. The issue is discussed by the media in general, however has more emphasis between the means of alternative journalism. For Choike.org portal, agrarian reform this intrinsically linked to social development. Therefore, this analysis seeks to highlight the role of new technologies as an important tool to aid discussion of the issue in the media as having specific focus to the issue of land reform

Campesinato e agrohidronegócio canavieiro no Pontal do Paranapanema: os desafios para a transição agroecológica

This paper appears in order to promote a discussion on the use and ways of working with the land. For this, we present a scenario of conflict initiated in Pontal do Parananema, São Paulo, Brazil, between the peasantry and the agrohidronegócio. The Pontal is a territory marked by agrarian and land conflicts, originated by the illegal occupation of land by the squatters, the decimation / expropriation of indigenous, and deforestation and environmental devastation. This conflict is represented today by the sugarcane agro-industrial capital companies on one side, and the other peasants. The expansion occurs agrohidronegócio strongly from 2005, due mainly to the change in the energy matrix of the country and state incentives with strong momentum in the production of flex-fuel vehicles. Rural agrarian reform settlements, made possible by the state under pressure from social movements, are spatialized in 16 municipalities with a total of 112 settlements, occupying an area of 139. 682 hectares, seating 5. 892 families. These families have seen their possibilities of social reproduction increasingly suppressed by the advance of sugarcane agrohidronegócio in the region, which suffocates the living spaces and work of these peasants. Front of it, agroecology is an alternative for these workers to ensure their reproductive possibilities. Agroecology also arises as a means of confronting agribusiness model, adding elements to the environment, such as the eradication of the use of pesticides and considering the dynamics of nature to promote agriculture, and social order, contributing food sovereignty and the production of healthy food and diversity to the population...

Os sem terrinha no Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais sem Terra (MST)

Pós-graduação em Educação - FFC

O Processo de estrangeirização da Terra no Brasil: estudo de caso da empresa Umoe Bioenergy no município de Sandovalina (SP)

From the agri-food crisis of 2007/2008, we live an intensifying period in the global land rush. The land grabbing is analyzed as a process that occurs on a global scale, especially to countries in Africa and Latin America, the main targets of the current global competition for land, because beyond the earth have low prices and the legislation be flexible, low and ineffective supervision of the state (especially in the issue of environmental and labor laws), also have vast tracts of arable land, with fertile soils and high availability of water resources (the latter element has become relevant in that case analysis). In addressing the land foreignization in the XXI century it is necessary to speak about the issue of biofuels and bioenergy, since it is these that define the current phase of land foreignization in Brazil. In the 1970s occurred the first incentive to produce ethanol in the sugarcane cultivation, with the policy of the National Alcohol Program (PROALCOOL). From the 2000s this interest again sharpened up and foreign capital began to see in Brazil a great opportunity for a production facility and purchase of old agro-processing plants that were implanted in PROALCOOL period but who were disabled. This is the case of Umoe Bioenergy, Norwegian company that in 2006 started its production in the municipalities of Narandiba and Sandhurst, located in the Pontal do Paranapanema region that, in turn, is the region of São Paulo with larger agrarian conflicts, settlements land reform, land grabbing and high poverty rates...

Para além do espaço doméstico: o Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos e a visibilização do trabalho feminino nos assentamentos rurais de Presidente Venceslau-SP

This paper presents reflections on a survey on the participation of women seated in the Food Acquisition Program in the city of Wenceslas President / SP. From discussion of the issue of gender in the Brazilian countryside and along the beneficiary populations of land reform policies, evaluates the invisibility of the economic contribution of women - with generally restricted operations to the care of household activities and production for self - which is changing both due to the mobilization of women as the different public policies implemented in the last decade. One of these, the Food Acquisition Program (PAA) is analyzed in its operation. Although not gestated for this specific purpose, this program has contributed to the visibility of women's productive work in the settlements. The research was made through the verification of female participation in the mandatory documents for inclusion in the EAP, revealing a percentage that over ix the years has been superimposed, making women acquire economic autonomy and even in a limited way conquering empowerment

A construção do projeto político-pedagógico das escolas do campo do município de Araraquara

This study aimed to analyze the process of developing and implementing a politicalpedagogical project for rural schools in the city of Araraquara, focusing on one of the schools served. This is an ethnographic qualitative study. The instruments of data collection were participant observation, semi-structured interviews and documentary analysis. It was observed are a change in the community organization throughout the process, with regard to a more active attitude on the part of its members, who have pursued other means to claim the fulfillment of their demands by the Government and relevant institutions, which points to the pedagogical character of participation in the movement to fight for the education they desire. It was also noticed a process of re-signification by the subjects, of their own community identity while seated in an agrarian reform project, as well as a more effective participation of those in everyday life and school organization. It was also observed changes in indicators of school, with an increase in the achievement of students as well as reducing the dropout rate to zero, and the reduction of absenteeism of teachers.

Políticas públicas municipais de apoio a atividades econômicas em assentamentos rurais: uma análise em quatro municípios paulistas

This paper reports a master research that aimed to analyze the patterns of institutional relationships between local officials and communities of agrarian reform settlements in four counties of the State of São Paulo – Apiaí, Iaras, Promissão and Mirante do Paranapanema – particularly with regard to the types of support offered by the first to the economic activities in the settlements. In terms of methodology, we conducted a qualitative, exploratory and descriptive research, outlined in the format of multiple case study. Having like data sources the local officials responsible for institutional relations with the agrarian reform settlements, technicians agents of agencys linkeds to the land question, as INCRA and ITESP, and settled in leadership positions in rural settlements, we sought to evaluate the intensity, the types and quality of the (possible or actual) support offered by municipalities to economic activities inside the settlements. We sought to evaluate the results from theoretical lens formed around the notions of local development and the significance assumed by settlements in different locations. The results showed a fairly heterogeneous and, often, disparate in particular circumstances. It was evident, from the information collected, that a positive action of the municipal government in supporting the economic activities of the settlements is essential for the release of social energy based in settlements, enabling the realization of the "amalgam of possibilities" constructed from the implementation of rural settlements.

Entre vanguarda e a participação: a democracia no programa político da esquerda brasileira (1930-1935)

This paper examines the conceptions of democracy in the Brazilian left among 1930-1935, in particular those expressed in the manifestos of the National Liberative Alliance (ANL) and the texts written by Luis Carlos Prestes, Virgínio Santa Rosa and Caio Prado Jr. I argue that the Brazilian left started from a common troubled field, according to which land concentration represented the biggest obstacle to genuine political expression of the Brazilian people. Despite the convergence towards land reform, designed as a sine qua non condition to democracy in Brazil, the left has developed two different answers to the practical implementation of the principle of the people's government: the first, which I call altruist vanguard, which is more emphasized on texts of Virgínio Santa Rosa and Luís Carlos Prestes, and the second, the Republican participacionismo, which is explored on the writings of Caio Prado Jr. and ambiguously in the manifests of the National Liberative Alliance.

Formação e educação popular no campo entre a Igreja Católica e o Estado (1954-1964)

In Brazil, the Catholic Church has an important role in the construction of citizenship, education and training the rural lower classes of the population. Studied in this article, this participation and contribution in the 60s, by highlighting the strong weighting would take the issue of land reform. The Catholic Church was a major player in unionization campaigns and basic education and suffered great tensions and internal conflicts that divide between those who sought the "liberation of the oppressed" and those who fought for reforms without changing the "social order". This paper recovers the trajectory of implementation of various programs of Catholic union formation and foundation of unions. We use historical methodology and retrieve the voice of the authors through interviews with trade unionists, lawyers, church authorities and militants popular.

O fulgor de Canudos

Este trabalho estuda a experiência social de Canudos, no sertão da Bahia, entre 1893 e 1897, reconhecendo formas de sociabilidade que, apesar de vividas no passado, anunciam possibilidades futuras. Formas estas que estão presentes nos acampamentos e assentamentos da reforma agrária no Brasil, e que são germes de relações comunistas.

Do sonho à luta de sobrevivência na Amazônia: a caminhada das famílias camponesas do Projeto RECA

Pós-graduação em Ciências Sociais - FCLAR

Geografia da vida camponesa: espaços de vida, espaços de produção no assentamento Nova Conquista-SP

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Contradições na construção dos territórios camponeses no Centro-Sul paranaense: territorialidades do agronegócio, subordinação e resistências

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Movimento social e jornalismo militante: o Jornal sem Terra

Several groups reveal their interests, their critical position on reality through structure alternative of communication ways for great media. These ways, that were present during history of brazilian journalism don´t have the repercussion and reach of great communication enterprises, but they are initiatives that collaborate to spread of perspectives about the reality and on structure of a communication more democratic. This analysis organizes itself from observation about the newspaper Sem Terra emphasizing their principal characteristics, their speech about the conception of citizenship related to agrarian reform project and its significance about journalism of great media. The militant journalism just emerges like one of the tools on struggles of citizenship, but fundamental importance to spread the reality readings and to allow reflexions about the admitted journalistic language through arrival of modernity.