Isolation and characterization of a satellite DNA family in Achirus lineatus (Teleostei : Pleuronectiformes : Achiridae)

Agarose gels stained with Ethidium bromide and Southern blot experiments of HindIII-digested genomic DNA of Achirus lineatus evidenced the presence of monomers and multimers of a DNA segment of about 200 bp, named here Al-HindIII sequence. No signals were observed in Southern blot experiments with genomic DNA of other flatfish species. The DNA sequencing of four recombinant clones showed that Al-HindIII sequences had 204 bp and were 63.72% AT-rich. FISH experiments using a Al-HindIII sequence as probe showed bright signals in the centromeric position of all chromosomes of A. lineatus.

Ultrastructure of spermatogenesis in the white-lined broad-nosed bat, Platyrrhinus lineatus (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Predation of Platyrrhinus lineatus (E. Geoffroy, 1810) (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) by Cyanocorax chrysops (Vieillot, 1818) (Passeriformes: Corvidae).

The predation on vertebrates by birds, including bats, is very common in some families (Accipitridae, Falconidae, Tytonidae, Strigidae), constituting their main diet. For other families (except those that feed strictly on fish), it is occasional and sometimes a matter of opportunity. Here we recorded the predation on a bat (Platyrrhinus lineatus) by the neotropical bird plush-crested jay (Cyanocorax chrysops). on July 26, 2009, around 11:00 am, we recorded an individual of C. chrysops taking part of a P. lineatus on its beak. This record occurred on Jacarezinho Farm (Valparaiso [long dash] SP). The prey species identification was done by visual observation, considering the bat size and its external morphology, especially by the presence of the white dorsal bright stripe. Probably, Platyrrhinus lineatus behavior, which involves living together or in couples on tree canopies, made the capture by the plush-crested jay easier. This is a new record for the diet of C. chrysops and highlights the necessity of additional studies related to birds diet in the Neotropics, even the more conspicuous ones.

Karyotypic characterization of Prochilodus mariae, Semaprochilodus kneri and S. laticeps(Teleostei: Prochilodontidae) from Caicara del Orinoco, Venezuela

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

PRODUÇÃO DE LARVAS DE CURIMBATÁ (Prochilodus scrofa) SUBMETIDAS A DIFERENTES DENSIDADES DE ESTOCAGEM E NÍVEIS DE PROTEÍNA BRUTA NAS DIETAS

O gênero Prochilodus é amplamente distribuído pela América do Sul, incluindo várias espécies que apresenta certo grau de endemismo nas diferentes bacias. Essas espécies alimentam-se basicamente de detritos orgânicos, organismos do benton, e alimentações artificiais. O objetivo deste estudo foi testar três densidades de estocagem (0,5, 0,75, e 1 larva/litro) e dietas contendo dois níveis diferentes de proteína bruta (35 e 40% PB) nos parâmetros do crescimento e na taxa da sobrevivência do curimbatá, Prochilodus scrofa. As larvas foram estocadas em aquários experimentais de 100 litros, mantidos com volume de 60 litros, com o fluxo de água contínuo, proveniente de poço semi-artesiano. A maior média foi proporcionada pela ração com 40% de PB (1,66g ± 0,21). As diferenças foram significativas para os efeitos dos teores de PB sobre o ganho de peso e densidades de estocagem, na sobrevivência das larvas. Para o ganho de peso, as melhores médias foram obtidas com nível de 40% de PB (2,50g ± 0,40) e para a sobrevivência, as melhores taxas foram 94,45% ± 19,32 e 78,87% ± 19,32 nas densidades de 0,5 e 0,75 larvas/litro, respectivamente.

Effects of acute heat exposure on respiratory metabolism and blood glucose in freshwater fishes, Prochilodus scrofa (curimbatá) and Cyprinus carpio (carp) acclimatized to tropical winter

1. 1. Routine oxygen consumption and blood glucose were determined from freshwater fishes, Prochilodus scrofa and Cyprinus carpio, exposed at high temperatures for 1 hr. 2. 2. Prochilodus scrofa had a significantly higher rate of oxygen consumption at 30°C than at 25°C, and carp higher at 25°C than at 30°C. 3. 3. Blood glucose was significantly higher for Cyprinus carpio than for Prochilodus scrofa at 25 and 30°C; however, after exposure to these temperatures for 1 hr blood glucose did not change significantly for both species. 4. 4. The results suggest that these interspecific variations may be linked to the differences between native and foreign fishes and their way of life. © 1985.

Testicular ultrastructure and morphology of the seminal pathway in Prochilodus scrofa

The seminiferous tubules of Prochilodus scrofa present a coiled morphological arrangement with intertubular anastomoses and unrestricted spermatogonial distribution. The structural pattern of the seminiferous tubules is cystic, with cysts formed by cytoplasmic prolongations of Sertoli cells. Inside the cysts are observed different types of germ cells. The seminiferous tubules open individually on the ventral surface of the main testicular duct present in each testis. Each main testicular duct prolongs as a spermatic duct, fusing with the spermatic duct of the opposite side to form the common spermatic duct which opens into the urogenital papilla. The mature sperm cysts break and extravasate their content into the lumen of the seminiferous tubules from which the seminal fluid and the spermatozoa penetrate the main testicular duct, the spermatic duct and the common spermatic duct for semen ejaculation.

Morfofisiologia das glândulas reprodutivas acessórias masculinas de morcegos: estudo nas espécies Artibeus planirostris e Platyrrhinus lineatus (Chiroptera: Phylostomidae )

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Genética de populações de Prochilodus argenteus e P. costatus do médio São Francisco

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

The roles of marginal lagoons in the maintenance of genetic diversity in the Brazilian migratory fishes Prochilodus argenteus and P. costatus

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

B chromosomes in the species Prochilodus argenteus (Characiformes, Prochilodontidae): morphologicalidentity and dispersion

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

B chromosomes in species of the genus Prochilodus (Characiformes, Prochilodontidae): morphological identity and dispersion

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Chromosome banding and 18S rDNA in situ hybridization analysis of seven species of the family Achiridae (Teleostei : Pleuronectiformes)

Achiridae is an important family of the order Pleuronectiformes widely distributed in North, Central, and South America with freshwater and marine species. In the present study cytogenetic analyses comprising conventional and molecular techniques were carried out in seven species of this family. The following diploid numbers (2n) and fundamental numbers (FN) were obtained: Achirus declivis 2n = 34, FN = 52; Achirus lineatus 2n = 40, FN = 66; Catathyridium jenynsi 2n = 40 and FN = 50; Gymnachirus nudus 2n = 36 and FN = 50; Hypoclinemus mentalis 2n = 38 and FN = 54; Trinectes paulistanus 2n = 42 and FN = 52; and Trinectes sp. 2n = 38 and FN = 54. All species presented a single nucleolar organizer region (NOR) bearing chromosome pair and C-band positive segments mainly distributed at the pericentromeric position. The wide variation observed in chromosome number and FN suggests the occurrence of larger chromosome rearrangements in the family Achiridae if compared with other families of the same order.

Fatores abióticos que afetam a distribuição do gênero Astyanax baird & Girard, 1854 em riachos de cabeceiras de Chapada dos Guimarães, bacia do Rio Cuiabá, Mato Grosso

The main factors that influence the species distribution are related mainly with the dispersion capacity, behavior, presence of other species and to the factors physicist-chemistries. Had been evaluated ecological factors that affect the distribution of the genus Astyanax in Chapada dos Guimaraes headstreams, Cuiaba River basin, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Samples in 27 streams had been made in Chapada dos Guimaraes, and the fish had been collected through the method of electric fish, and the ambient data had been analyzed with one technique of called ordinance of Principal Components Analysis (PCA). 250 individuals had been collect, being 95 A. asuncionensis, 62 A. abramis, 36 A. lineatus and 57 individuals had been captured identified like A. scabripinnis (Jenyns, 1842) sensu Eigenmann, 1927. In relation the ambient characteristics, the variables gotten allowed two axes of the PCA, who explain 53,114 % of the variance of the seven variables analyzed. Axle 1, Main Component 1, explained 31,147 % and Axle 2, Main Component 2, explained 21,967 % of the variation of the ambient data. The formation of axle 1 was influenced positively by the depth and negative by the conductivity and pH. The formation of axle 2 was influenced positively by the Turbidity and negative to the Dissolved Oxygen. The ordinance of the species throughout for the axes corroborated for the understanding of the distribution of specimens.

Small-scale fisheries in the middle River Tocantins, Imperatriz (MA), Brazil

The description of the small-scale fisheries in the middle River Tocantins and their dynamics, in a full year cycle, was made out using questionnaires when interviewing fishermen at Imperatriz market. The landed fish exhibited a seasonal pattern related to the hydrological cycle, fishing effort and species diversity. Curimata, Prochilodus nigricans Agassiz, is the most important commercial fish. The fishing gears used in the area are castnets, gillnets, longlines and beach seines. Thirty-six percent of fish landed were caught exclusively by beach seine which mainly targets curimata. Alterations in the physical and biological characteristics of the middle River Tocantins due to the building of the Tucurui dam (2850 km(2) total area) allowed the mapara, Hipophthalmus marginatus Valenciennes, to colonise this area. During the closed season for nets, Siluriformes are the target of the fisheries, caught exclusively by longlining.