Eficácia dos fungos nematófagos Duddingtonia flagrans e Arthrootrys robusta na profilaxa das infecções naturais por nematódeos gastrointestinais em ovinos

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FMVZ

Parasitic infections of Piaractus mesopotamicus and hybrid (P. mesopotamicus x Piaractus brachypomus) cultured in Brazil

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Endophytic fungi producing of esterases: evaluation in vitro of the enzymatic activity using pH indicator

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Avaliação parasitológica em amostras de alfaces (Lactuca sativa var. crispa) comercializadas no município de Quatá, São Paulo, Brasil

There is little research on the practices of sanitary inspection in the chain of production of vegetables to the consumer, especially those eaten raw, they are liable to serve microorganism such as bacteria, fungi and parasites, contributing to possible health hazards. The aim of this study was to assess qualitatively contamination by parasites and / or commensals of medical interest in lettuce leaves (Lactuca sativa) fresh market in the municipality of Quata Sao Paulo. A total of 15 random samples were analyzed every other day of the three different places that sell vegetables a grocery store, a supermarket and a vegetable garden during the month of May 2011. The parasites and / or commensals found in lettuce were Entamoeba coli (67%), Entamoeba histolytica (20%), Giardia sp (13%) and Ascaris lumbricoides (7%). The analysis showed the presence of parasites and / or commensals in all samples, except in the cultivated garden which showed poor sanitary conditions, probably due to contamination in the shipping and handling by third parties in supermarket and grocery store. The parasite monitoring sanitary conditions of vegetables sold in urban environments becomes relevant for preventive measures to avoid the continued parasitic cycle and possible future health complications.

Interactions Between the Entomopathogenic Fungi Beauveria bassiana (Ascomycota: Hypocreales) and the Aphid Parasitoid Diaeretiella rapae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) on Myzus persicae (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

The interactions between the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo-Crivelli) Vuillemin (Ascomycota: Hypocreales) and the aphid parasitoid Diaeretiella rapae McIntoch (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) were evaluated under laboratory conditions. Nymphs of Myzus persicae Sulzer (Hemiptera: Aphididae) were first exposed to parasitoid females for 24 h and then 0, 24, and 48 h afterwards sprayed with a solution of B. bassiana. Likewise, aphids were also sprayed with B. bassiana and then exposed to parasitoids at 0, 24, and 48 h afterwards. Parasitism rate varied from 13 to 66.5%, and were signi_cantly lower in treatments where the two agents were exposed within a 0-24 h time interval compared with the control (without B. bassiana). Parasitoid emergence was negatively affected in treatments with B. bassiana spraying and subsequent exposure to D. rapae. Decreases in longevity of adult females of the D. rapae F1 generation were observed in treatments with B. bassiana spraying. The application of these two biological control agents can be used in combination on the control of M. persicae, wherein this use requires effective time management to avoid antagonistic interactions.

Biodegradation of eucalyptus urograndis wood by fungi

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Leaf-cutting ants: an unexpected microenvironment holding human opportunistic black fungi

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Comparative study of toxicity of azo dye Procion Red MX-5B following biosorption and biodegradation treatments with the fungi Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus terreus

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Antifungal Activity of Decyl Gallate against Several Species of Pathogenic Fungi

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Assessment of fungi in soils of sugarcane crops and their potential for production of biomass-degrading enzymes

Soil management practices are konwn to affect the biomass and enzyme activities of microbial soil communities. To assess whether burning of sugarcane prior to harvesting affects the community of soilborne fungi, we collected soil simples in two sites: burned sugarcane culture prior harvesting (BS) and non-burned sugarcane culture (NBS). A total of 75 filamentous fungal isolates were recovered from soils in both sites. Trichoderma was the most prevalent genus in both sites, followed by Fusarium, Cunninghamella and Aspergillus. The Sorensen's index (0.60) suggested a slight difference in fungi associated with both areas, with high number of fungal isolates found on BB soil. The abundance of Trichoderma isolates in NBS soil was higher than BS soil; however, the abundance of Fusarium, Aspergillus and Cunninghamella was higher in the latter type of soil. In addition, fungi isolated from BS soil showed the highest production of xylanase and laccase in comparision with fungi isolated form NBS soil. Our results indicate that the different types of sugarcane harvesting apparently did not interfere with the diversity of fungal communnities as revealed by culture-dependent methods. In addition, our data indicates the potencial of fungi from soils of sugarcane crops to produce relevant enzymes related to biomass conversion.

Identification of quinolactin alkaloids from fungi associated to Brazilian red algae Dichotomaria marginata by LC-PDA-MS and LC-MSn

Fungi isolated from marine organisms have been shown to produce several interesting secondary metabolites with important biological activities. Such chemical diversity may be associated to environmental stress conditions and may represent an important source of NCE for bioprospection. Quinolactins belong to a rare fungi-alkaloid class with a unique N-methyl-quinolone moiety fused to a lactam ring and present several bioactivities1. Fungi strain Dm1 was isolated from red alga Dichotomaria marginata, collected from Brazil SE coast, and was grown in sterile rice solid media at 26oC 2, which was then extracted with MeOH. The MeCN fr. from the MeOH extract was chromatographed over Sephadex LH-20 and fr. 4 afforded quinolactin (QL) alkaloids B1, B2 and A, whereas fr. 5 afforded quinolactin D1 after purification by HPLC-DAD. Structural determination of pure compounds was based on HRMS, UV, and NMR spectral analyses, in addition to comparison with literature data and Antimarin® databank. UV data indicated the presence of similar chromophores with λmax at ca. 247 and 320nm. HRMS and tandem MS analyses using both negative and positive ion modes for the isolated compounds indicated their molecular formula and structural features, as for QL B1: C15H16O2N2 [M+H 257], which showed one fragment at m/z 214 [-CHNO]; QL B2: C15H16O3N2 [M+H 273], with product ions at m/z 230 [-CHNO.] and m/z 186 [-C4H9NO.]; for QL A: C16H18N2O2 [M+H 271], which presented one ion at m/z 214, due to loss of fragment (-C4H9) from the molecular ion; and for QL D1: C16H18N2O3 [M+H 287], with product ions at m/z 186 [-CHNO] and m/z 230 [-C4H9]. Such data suggested fragmentation proposals, e.g. for Quinolactin B1 (Fig. 1), which confirmed the structures of the isolated quinolactins, and may represent an important contribution for the sustainable exploration of marine biodiversity.

Biocontrole de nematoides com fungos

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Entomologia Agrícola) - FCAV

The role of HLA-G molecule and HLA-G gene polymorphisms in tumors, viral hepatitis, and parasitic diseases

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Immunization of Wistar female rats with 255-Gy-irradiated Toxoplasma gondii: Tissue parasitic load and lactogenic quantification

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

New light on the systematics of fungi associated with attine ant gardens and the description of escovopsis kreiselii sp nov

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)