Estimativa da necessidade de nitrogênio em cobertura no feijoeiro IAC Alvorada com clorofilômetro portátil

The aims of this study was evaluated the efficiency of nitrogen sufficiency index (NSI) calculated with base on the measures relative chlorophyll index (RCI) leaves, measured with portable chlorophyll meter, as an indicator of time of sidedressing N fertilization and verify which value of NSI (90% and 95%) is the most appropriate to indicate the moment of N fertilization on common bean cultivar IAC Alvorada. An experiment with five N managements (M1: 200 kg ha(-1) N (40 kg at sowing + 80 kg at 15 days after emergency (DAE) + 80 kg 30 DAE); M2: 100 kg ha(-1) N (20 kg at sowing + 40 kg at 15 DAE + 40 kg at 30 DAE); M3: 20 kg ha(-1) N at sowing + 30 kg ha(-1) when chlorophyll meter readings indicated NSI < 95%; M4: 20 kg ha(-1) N at sowing + 30 kg N ha(-1) N when chlorophyll meter readings indicated NSI <90% and, M5: control (without N application)) and four replications was carried out in the rainy and dry growing seasons of the agricultural year 2009/10, in Botucatu, Sao Paulo State, Brazil. The variables RCI, aboveground dry matter, leaf N concentration, yield components, grain yield, and N use efficiency were evaluated. The NSI of 90%, calculated based on monitoring of RCI in common bean leaves with chlorophyll meter, was more effective than 95% to define need for N sidedressing in common bean cultivar IAC Alvorada, reducing the N application and improving the use efficiency of applied N.

O gênero masculino e os cuidados de saúde: a experiência de homens de um centro de saúde

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Care to mastectomy with axillary lymphadenectomy, lymphedema prevention: An integrative review

Objective: to examine the care provided to women affected by breast cancer and who has performed axillary lymphadenectomy. Method: integrative review conducted in the databases LILACS and PubMed between 2000 and 2012, leaving the question << What care is provided to prevent lymphedema in women who underwent lymphadenectomy? >> Resulting in 18 articles, analyzed under the following variables: author, title, methodology, year, journal, goal, prevention and control of lymphedema therapies and adherence to rehabilitation. Results: three categories are identified for rehabilitation of patient: prevention and control, therapies and adherence. Conclusion: preoperative is poorly addressed by; emphasizes the importance of home visits as part of rehabilitation, which is effective with the accession of the patient who needs information for its follow-up, no need for a guideline for this type treatment.

Modelos de recuperação de informação e web semântica: a questão da relevância

Introduction: In the Web environment, there is a need for greater care with regard to the processing of descriptive and thematic information. The concern with the recovery of information in computer systems precedes the development of the first personal computers. Models of information retrieval have been and are today widely used in databases specific to a field whose scope is known. Objectives: Verify how the issue of relevance is treated in the main computer models of information retrieval and, especially, as the issue is addressed in the future of the Web, the called Semantic Web. Methodology: Bibliographical research. Results: In the classical models studied here, it was realized that the main concern is retrieving documents whose description is closest to the search expression used by the user, which does not necessarily imply that this really needs. In semantic retrieval is the use of ontologies, feature that extends the user's search for a wider range of possible relevant options. Conclusions: The relevance is a subjective judgment and inherent to the user, it will depend on the interaction with the system and especially the fact that he expects to recover in your search. Systems that are based on a model of relevance are not popular, because it requires greater interaction and depend on the user's disposal. The Semantic Web is so far the initiative more efficient in the case of information retrieval in the digital environment.

Indicadores de stress e sobrecarga em cuidadores formais e informais de pacientes oncológicos

The present study aimed to identify the presence of indicators of stress, levels of stress and overload with the formal and informal caregivers of cancer patients. Participated in the survey 33 caregivers of cancer patients in total, 16 formal and 17 informal. To collect data, we used: 1) Roadmap for characterization of participants; 2) Inventory of Stress Symptoms Lipp - ISSL and 3) Protocol Zarit Burden Interview - ZBT. The results revealed that 43 % of informal carers were in the resistance phase, 29 % in the burnout stage, 14 % at the stage of exhaustion and almost 14 % in the alert phase. Formal caregivers 25 % are in the exhaustion phase and 75 % in the resistance. The overload has also performed on a larger scale in informal than formal caregivers, 47 % to 18,7 % charge respectively. However, the results revealed no statistically significant difference between groups for the incidence of stress but indicated a difference against overloading pointing out that professional caregivers in the incidence is lower. The results suggest the need to implement support for informal and formal caregivers programs, develop coping strategies, handling the situations of overload and stress, aiming to better quality of life for the caregiver, and consequently for the patient who is receiving care.

Avaliação da sobrecarga em cuidadores familiares de pacientes de um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial

Com a reforma psiquiátrica o modelo de atenção à saúde mental sofreu transformações, retirando a centralização do poder do hospital psiquiátrico por meio da implantação de programas e serviços substitutivos de atenção e cuidado aos sujeitos em sofrimento psíquico, sendo que uma das principais estratégias adotadas é a consolidação dos Centros de Atenção Psicossocial. O retorno do sujeito ao convívio familiar após longos anos de internação coloca em questão a dificuldade do convívio social e familiar, assim como a retomada dos cuidados da família em relação a este. Assumir os cuidados de um paciente psiquiátrico pode gerar sobrecarga e muitas vezes, significa renunciar às próprias necessidades, projetos e desejos, colocando os do paciente/familiar em primeiro plano. A presente pesquisa tem por objetivo investigar a presença de indicadores de sobrecarga em cuidadores informais de pessoas com transtornos mentais atendidas em um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial - CAPS de um município do interior de São Paulo. Participaram da presente pesquisa 37 cuidadores informais de pessoas com transtornos mentais. Para coleta de dados foram utilizados dois instrumentos: um roteiro de entrevista para caracterização da amostra e o protocolo ZaritBurden Interview (ZBT) para avaliar a presença de indicadores de sobrecarga. Os dados foram analisados de acordo com os escores atribuídos no manual de aplicação da escala padronizada. Os resultados obtidos revelam o predomínio da sobrecarga moderada e modera da severa (78%), indicando a necessidade de intervenção junto aos cuidadores no sentido de desenvolver estratégias que favoreçam o cuidado e ao mesmo tempo preservem sua saúde.

A alfabetização sob o olhar da Teoria Histórico Cultural: sobre a necessidade e a atividade de estudo

Studies on activity and learning in the cultural-historical approach involves, most cases, the discussions on the higher psychological functions and areas of proximal and real development. Having said that our objective in this paper is to make a discussion about the activity of study and the concepts that involve the teaching of the mother language from the Historic-Cultural theory. We point this way, the importance of this approach in studies on literacy and knowledge of the activity of study as central to the creation of humanizing need of reading and writing, starting from the principle that the creation of needs requires the production of discourses, which have their materiality in the text.

Cuidados essenciais e muitas vezes negligenciados na hospitalização de pequenos animais: nutrição e analgesia

The benefits of proper nutrition and analgesia are closely linked when it comes to animals that are suffering from any illness and are hospitalized. In patients who are ill or under the stress of hospitalization, increase secretion of glucagon, catecholamines, cortisol and growth hormone antagonize the effects of insulin, leading to hyperglycemia and degradation of tissue proteins to provide substrate for gluconeogenesis. These changes result in loss of lean body mass, reflecting negatively on tissue repair processes, immune response and prognosis. Likewise, the pain induced by noxious stimulation can lead to protein catabolism, stress, immunosupression, delayed wound healing and acceleration of disease processes. This review confirms the nutrition and pain control importance in hospitalized patients, showing their physiological benefits and reduction in hospital stay when the clinician understands these benefits and the animals are treated with such care

Cri-an-ça: a criatividade, a infância e a imaginação expressadas no desenho (porque os adultos têm sempre necessidade de explicações detalhadas)

O interesse por esta temática de trabalho surgiu a partir de um estudo realizado em minha iniciação científica, que tem por título “Ação, Câmera, Luz: Entre imagens e olhares – experiência de infâncias e montagens” desenvolvido no Departamento de Educação do Instituto de Biociências, localizado na Universidade Estadual Paulista – UNESP/Rio Claro. Como o próprio título sugere, ela tem por principal objetivo inverter a lógica da conhecida frase: “Luz, Câmera, Ação”. Este trabalho, ao inverter a ordem dos fatores, busca ver se ao deixarmos a ação das crianças livre, o que se produziria seria algo mais verdadeiro, mais significativo, de fato. O que a ausência de intencionalidade geraria aos produtores de imagens. A partir de então, comecei a imaginar outro tipo de produção de imagens, não mais com câmeras fotográficas e filmadoras, mas de próprio punho. Portanto, este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar as crianças, e suas realidades através do que elas mesmas nos dizem e nos mostram em seu dia a dia por meio de seus desenhos. Os desenhos utilizados foram retirados de uma instituição de ensino não formal da cidade de Rio Claro, e entendidos como documentos. A pesquisa traz também um aporte teórico com as concepções sobre desenho infantil de alguns teóricos, como Lowenfel, Greig, La Pastina, Vigotski entre outros

Cuidados essenciais ao bezerro neonato nas primeiras 24 horas de vida

The change from the uterine environment to the external environment that occurs afterbirth requires rapid adaptation of the newborn. The right care in the first 24 hours of life can significantly reduce calves’ mortality. In this context, are included essential care to animals that are born weak and require immediate assistance so they can adapt to the extra uterine environment, such as stimulating the onset of spontaneous breathing and thermoregulation. The essential care is also related to colostrum feeding and treatment of the navel. The objective of this work is to bring together some of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in the first 24 hours of life of the newborn calf and discuss some of the special care that these animals require

Estudo sobre a necessidade e preferência sobre orientações de enfermagem ao paciente oncológico adulto em quimioterapia

Most cancer types are treated by antineoplastic chemotherapy, which can be performed conjointly with other treatments, such as radiotherapy and surgery. Due to its action, chemotherapy provides the possibility of cure, but it also leads to a number of adverse effects, such as myelosuppression, cutaneous and gastrointestinal toxicity, etc. Patients undergoing chemotherapy must receive constant information concerning how to prevent or minimize these effects in order to achieve better quality of life and, consequently, a more successful treatment. Hence, this study aimed at investigating the need and preference for different forms of information by oncologic patients submitted to chemotherapy. It is a cross-sectional, descriptive and quantitative study conducted at the chemotherapy division of the Botucatu School of Medicine University Hospital/SP on a sample of 50 patients older than 18 years. After previous knowledge of the study and formalization of Free Consent, the individuals answered a questionnaire containing 12 questions related to the importance attributed to the information received, from which professional and when to receive it. Data were analyzed by Fisher’s exact test and showed that 62% of the patients were females, and the remaining 38% were males of whom 46% were older than 60 years, 26% were from 50 to 60 years old, 24% from 30 to 50, and only 4% were younger than 30 years old. The patients had lymphatic (23.4%) and solid (76.6%) tumors. All the respondents reported that receiving information about the disease and its treatment was extremely important. As regards information related to side effects, 98% of patients answered that receiving it was extremely important, and only 2% answered that it was little important. Correlations were made between age, gender, and tumor type with the answers obtained for the best moment, how and from whom to receive such informatio... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Desenvolvimento de um modelo de atenção farmacêutica para pacientes portadores de anemia falciforme

A Atenção Farmacêutica (ATENFAR) nasceu oficialmente a partir do Consenso Brasileiro de Atenção Farmacêutica em 2002. Este define a prática de ATENFAR como um elemento da Assistência Farmacêutica. A Anemia Falciforme (AF) é a doença hereditária hematológica de maior prevalência no mundo, e os pacientes requerem Atenção Integral e cuidados especiais para melhor efetividade da farmacoterapia e melhoria de sua qualidade de vida. As complicações da doença são decorrentes da vaso-oclusão e abrangem diversos sistemas do organismo, incluindo baço, coração, encéfalo, pulmões e sangue, tais como as crises álgicas e infecções pneumocócicas. Medidas não-farmacológicas são eficazes na prevenção e tratamento das complicações menos intensas. Nesse contexto, a Educação Sanitária é ferramenta essencial para conscientizar os pacientes a respeito das características da doença e da promoção do uso correto de medicamentos. A complexidade do quadro clínico do paciente portador de AF e as dificuldades enfrentadas pelos mesmos no acesso a informações e tratamentos justificam a necessidade de um método de Atenção Farmacêutica específico para esses indivíduos. A metodologia desenvolvida consiste em um Questionário de Acompanhamento Farmacoterapêutico e abrange todos os aspectos pertinentes à saúde do paciente, à qualidade de vida e à farmacoterapia. Neste estudo piloto foram acompanhados seis pacientes portadores de AF; houve a identificação de 12 RNMs e foram efetuadas 39 intervenções farmacêuticas. As respostas do Questionário de Acompanhamento Farmacoterapêutico foram pontuadas e cada paciente foi classificado quanto à qualidade do seu estado de saúde, farmacoterapia e qualidade de vida. Houve avaliação de indicadores... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)