147 resultados para Intervenção


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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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This research aims to describe the effects of an intervention program focusing on parenting practices of mothers of babies by comparing pre- and post -test (intragroup comparison) performed with groups of adolescent mothers and adult mothers (intergroup comparison). Participants were 40 mothers, 20 adolescents and 20 adults. To collect data we used the Parenting Styles Inventory for Mothers of Babies (IEPMB), applied before and after the intervention, which is characterized for ten weekly meetings on topics related to the cycle of human development and parenting practices. The results showed significantly better educational practices for adolescent mothers compared to adult mothers especially in the first evaluation conducted. The intervention group was effective for most participants, adults and adolescents, who improved their parenting practices or remained appropriate. It discusses the importance of interventional groups to improve parenting practices of mothers of babies.

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Objetivo analisar o conhecimento de professores de ensino fundamental sobre a comunicação de pessoas com transtornos do espectro do autismo, em dois momentos distintos, pré e pós-intervenção. Métodos trata-se de um estudo descritivo comparativo, em que participaram 160 professores de escolas municipais de ensino fundamental, de ambos os gêneros, com idades entre 23 e 65 anos. Para verificar o conhecimento dos professores sobre a comunicação nos transtornos do espectro do autismo, foi elaborado e aplicado um questionário especificamente para este estudo. O instrumento, oferecido aos professores, foi aplicado em dois momentos distintos, pré e pós-intervenção. O procedimento de intervenção constou de dois encontros, de quatro horas cada, conduzidos por fonoaudiólogos e entrega de manual de orientação sobre os transtornos do espectro do autismo, com ênfase em aspectos da comunicação e linguagem. Foram analisadas e comparadas as respostas pré e pós-intervenção. Os resultados foram tratados estatisticamente (p<0,05 e em alguns casos p<0,01; foi utilizado o teste de Qui-quadrado para Proporções). Resultados foi possível observar que os professores apresentavam conhecimento restrito sobre a comunicação nos transtornos do espectro do autismo e sobre esses quadros clínicos de modo geral. Além disso, verificou-se aumento significante de respostas corretas por parte dos professores após a intervenção. Conclusão constatou-se um restrito conhecimento dos professores sobre a comunicação nos transtornos do espectro do autismo e efeitos positivos do procedimento de intervenção, por meio da análise comparativa entre as fases pré e pós-intervenção, que evidenciou aumento significante de respostas adequadas sobre os transtornos do espectro do autismo.

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The regular practice of physical therapy is indicated as a non-pharmacological treatment of Alzheimer's disease by promoting cognitive, behavioral and functional benefits. However, little is known about the protocols with home-based motor intervention for this population. Thinking about it, this review aimed to investigate and analyze the protocols for home-based motor intervention for elderly with Alzheimer's disease described in scientific articles. A systematic search was performed in the following databases: Web of Science, PubMed, PsycINFO, and Scopus, using the following keywords and Boolean operators: home-based exercise OR home-based physical exercise OR home-based physical fitness OR home-based rehabilitation OR home-based physical therapy OR home-based physical activity OR home-based engine Intervention and AD OR Alzheimer's disease OR AlzheimerOR Alzheimer's dementia. We also conducted a manual search of reference lists of selected articles. Of the five articles that met the inclusion criteria adopted, three performed a protocol for home motor intervention, achieving good compliance with the program, improvement of general health and reduction of depressive symptoms. The other two studies were limited to describing the protocols. Although more studies are needed, with detailed protocols, this review allowed to show that protocols for home motor intervention can also produce positive effects for both patients and caregivers.

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Ergonomics, the science of working rationalization, seeks the best relationship between man and his working tools. In Dentistry, ergonomics is present as for the professional working correctly seated, in functional comfort, intervening of supine position patient, by means of suitable equipment and instrument. Nowadays, dental equipment is justly rationalized; however, some instruments should take shape, in order to adapt those requirements. The hand tool design should permit a comfortable, non-slip and safe handling. Thus, anatomical details, the correct position of the operator for its use and specific characteristics of application should be taken into account. The instrument under analysis - forceps - was conceived according to these requirements along with a new alveolar tooth extraction technique, based on electromyographic and biomechanical studies. The morphology of the instrument, which makes possible a simple and natural kinetics of the operator, was obtained by changing the paradigm of the conventional cross-action instruments (whose grip is always on the arms of the tool), divesting the handle from the tool arm. This induced on anatomical conceiving of perpendicular handles to the extremity of the tool arm, resulting an efficient and effective instrument, according to indicated on its experimental phase