Programa de Atenção ao aluno Precoce com Comportamentos de Altas Habilidades/Superdotação (PAPAHS)

This paper describes a Precocious Student Attention Program With High Abilities/Giftedness Behaviors developed since 2011 at Júlio Mesquita Filho Philosophy and Sciences São Paulo State University, located in the city of Marília/SP/Brazil. Based on Joseph Renzulli's three rings theory, the authors describe how they organized the process of identification and evaluation of the precocious children with giftedness behaviors that attend the program. Based on Joseph Renzulli's Enrichment Triad Model, the authors categorize the students and give an account of the enrichment activities that are developed alongside with the students and their respective guardians. It is concluded that programs of this nature serve this still little recognized category of students, as well as help the development of studies and is a significant locus to educational formation.

Habilidades informacionais abordadas em instrumentos de avaliação de Competência Informacional

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

As contribuições da Educação Especial para promoção da educação inclusiva nas normativas brasileiras

Este texto objetiva apresentar, de forma crítica, uma retrospectiva pontual das normativas brasileiras que orientam a escolarização de alunos da Educação Especial, na perspectiva da educação inclusiva. Em defesa da revisão dos procedimentos de ensino na formulação das práticas educacionais inclusivas, as normativas sugerem mudanças importantes quanto: ao lócus de escolarização do público da Educação Especial, a definição dos que dela se beneficiam e a revisão do seu papel em prol da consolidação da educação inclusiva. As normativas indicam ainda orientações específicas no que diz respeito às providências instrumentais, infraestruturais, e de ajustes curriculares, entre outras. Tais recomendações intencionam assegurar condições mais favoráveis de progresso acadêmico aos alunos com deficiência, transtorno global do desenvolvimento, altas habilidades e/ou superdotação no sistema público de ensino. Pelo intermédio de um julgamento criterioso dos textos normativos referentes aos documentos legais selecionados, espera-se contribuir para a compreensão das formas de organização da Educação Especial no atendimento às necessidades educacionais de uma parcela significativa do alunado. Recorda-se que esses alunos, que necessitam de com condições diferenciadas de ensino, por longas décadas ficaram afastados dos conhecimentos valorizados pela cultura escolar, entretanto, com a adoção de políticas públicas, que respeitam e valorizam a diferença, formas de escolarização e de participação direta no ensino comum tem sido uma prática real no sistema educacional brasileiro.

Perfil audiológico e habilidades auditivas em crianças e adolescentes com perda auditiva

The main impact of hearing loss, in childhood, is the difficult to speech perception. The hearing aids and the cochlear implant are resources used to decrease a result of hearing loss. After the adjustment of these resources, with the therapeutic process, is possible that children with profound hearing impairment develop their hearing abilities, so they will have possibilities to notice phonetic and phonological characteristics of the language. Different speech perception procedures investigate which phonetic and phonological characteristics of the speech segment can be noticed by children with hearing loss. This study aims at analyzing the audiology profile and the speech perception in deaf children and adolescent.

A produção acadêmico-científica do Brasil na área das altas habilidades/superdotação no período de 1987 a 2011

Among students with special educational needs, subjects of special education, are those with high ability/giftedness, a complex phenomenon that requires the participation of education professionals and researchers to foster the potential of development of these students. In this sense, we aimed to identify and analyze thesis and dissertations that they propose to investigate the theme high ability/giftedness, verifying participation of the area of education in these studies. The study was done through a literature review, guided by the following questions: Have the researches on high ability/giftedness been growing in recent years? What is the participation of education area in those researches? What are the issues related to high ability/ giftedness addressed in Education? The results show that the institutions present an increasing trend and there is a predominance of education area in this scientific production. However, there is an imbalance between the institutions that aim to investigate the theme in Brazilian regions, as well as among the cases covered by these researches on high ability/giftedness.

Reflexões sobre precoces, prodígios, gênios e as altas habilidades, com base na neurociência cognitiva. Revista Educação Especial

In special education, high skills designate people who demonstrate the capability, potential or performance in human activities, well above average. Our objective, using neuroscience to understand the early, prodigies, geniuses and high abilities as a result of a unique process of memory formation. It is a literature search, in which the works were identified, located, compiled, analyzed and blacklisted. The material was located from keywords in databases. For the compilation were used as inclusion criteria, adopted the intersection of the keywords as well as the work of researchers from education, psychology and neuroscience, published between 1966 and 2009; qualitatively analyzed 40 references, 18 articles and 22 other texts. The trajectory analysis was developed with the question: no need to explain differently the precocious prodigies, geniuses, and AH? We reached three logical propositions. We demonstrate through this exercise of course, that there would be no need to explain differently the precocious prodigies, geniuses, and AH, but conclude that there is need for such differentiation, even within the field of neuroscience, however, the statement above points to Renzulli’s theory as valid for geniuses and AH, with exceptions for early and wonders that deserve a closer look.

Simulação numérica através do método dos elementos finitos e comparação experimental para obtenção de tensões e deformações específicas em fêmur com prótese total de quadril

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEG

Correlação entre habilidades cognitivo-linguísticas em escolares com dificuldades de aprendizagem

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Habilidades perceptivas visuais e qualidade de escrita de escolares com dislexia

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to characterize and compare the visual perceptual skills and writing quality of students with dyslexia, with good academic performance, and to relate the perceptual visual motor skills and the writing quality of students with dyslexia, with good academic performance. METHODS: 40 students participated in this study; 35 males and 5 females, from 8 to 11 years and 11 months, who attended from the 3rd to 5th grade level of public municipal schools of Marília-SP, divided into two groups: Group I (GI) comprised 20 students with interdisciplinar diagnoses of dyslexia, and Group II (GII) comprised 20 students with good academic performance. The Visual Perceptual Skills Test - TVPS-3 and the Disgraphy Scale were applied. RESULTS: The results obtained from this study showed that the students with dyslexia presented difficulties in visual skills concerning discrimination and memory. Besides discrimination and memory skills, it was observed inferior performance concerning the relation visual spacial skills and steady form, and inferior performance in all the visual skills, when compared to the chronological age. However, the group of students with good academic performance has also presented inferior performance concerning the relation visual spacial skills and steady form. CONCLUSIONS: The study mentions that maybe schools do not invest sufficiently in activities which envolve visual experiences necessary for the enhancement of reading and writing. Although statistically significant difference was not observed between the groups concerning disgraphy, it iwas possible to observe that a higher amount of students presented disgraphy.

Sistemas suplementares e alternativos de comunicação nas habilidades expressivas de um aluno com paralisia cerebral

The objective of this research was to describe the use of an augmentative and alternative system for a student with cerebral palsy during intervention. A 10-year-old male student with cerebral palsy participated in this investigation. He attended special classes for people with disability in a public school in a city of the interior of Sao Paulo. The scheduled activities were carried out twice a week for two years at the Laboratory of Special Education of a public University of São Paulo. All of the tapes describing the activities that were filmed during the assessment and implementation of augmentative and alternative communication resource were watched and described using a specific protocol. Based on the information from the protocols, the sessions with intervals greater than 20 days and the ones with activities involving the communication board with the time equal or greater than 20 minutes during the first year of intervention were selected. The chosen sessions were transcribed in full and, after analyzing the text, the following categories were established, according to the stated goal: the graphic system helped the student with utterances of vertical structure (56%) associated with the oral (14%) and non-oral and non-verbal form (30%), while the use of the graphic system along with other forms collaborated to enhance statements, enabling better understanding of the child s intention. The use of augmentative and alternative communication systems provided the expansion of effective dialogical situations for the student during the activities carried out in speech therapy.

Habilidades Sociais e Dependência Nicotínica em Universitários Fumantes

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Neurobiologia da doença de Alzheimer

A Doença de Alzheimer (DA) tem sido conceituada como uma doença de caráter duplo, inicialmente por possuir um fenotípico clínico centrado na presença de uma demência progressiva que inclui comprometimento da memória como uma característica definitiva, além do envolvimento de outros domínios cognitivos ou habilidades. É caracterizada também por alterações neuropatológicas específicas que incluem lesões intraneuronais (emaranhados neurofibrilares) e extracelulares (placas senis), que podem ser acompanhados por perda sináptica e depósitos vasculares amiloides (Dubois et al, 2010). A constatação do processo neurodegenerativo se evidencia por meio da atrofia cerebral, especialmente, em hipocampo e córtex entorrinal constatada por neuroimagem (por exemplo, a ressonância magnética e tomografia computadorizada). Dentro desse conceito, esse estudo teve como objetivo fazer uma investigação geral com base na literatura especializada, com análise de artigos relevantes, referentes aos aspectos neurobiológicos associados à Doença de Alzheimer. Foram abordados tópicos como: atrofia cerebral, processo neurodegenerativo, biomarcadores, neuroimagem (com foco na escala de Urs et al.,2009) e aspectos clínicos

O professor da educação especial e o processo de ensino aprendizagem de alunos com autismo

Autism is the theme of this study and the occurrence of the teaching-learning process of students with autism was observed. The study took place in a special education school. Nowadays, infantile Autism is classified as one of the “Development Global Disorders” and it is characterized by serious and global impairments in several aspects of the development, as the reciprocal social interaction, communication abilities and presence of behavioral stereotypes, interests and activities. Notwithstanding, these subjects present a triad of impairments concerning the development areas, such as: communication incapacity for social interaction and imagination, which affect directly the learning process. Thus, the aim of this study was to identify the teaching methodology employed for children with autism concerning special education and to verify in which aspects this methodology can help the teachinglearning process of those students. For this reason, a specialist teacher and three students with autism, of a special Education School, located in the interior of São Paulo state, took part in this study. For data collection, a total of 19 activities realized by the students with autism were observed inside the classroom. The specialized teacher answered a semi structured interview. The results demonstrated that the specialized teacher does not employ any specific teaching methodology, in order to help the teaching-learning process for those students, although there are some specific methodologies for children with autism, which are employed in special education schools. Nevertheless, it can be observed a lacuna concerning the teaching process employed by the teacher, and some uncertainly referring to the leaning process of those students with autism who attend that school