Heparin and penicillamine-hypotaurine-epinephrine (PHE) solution during bovine in vitro fertilization procedures impair the quality of spermatozoa but improve normal oocyte fecundation and early embryonic development

The presence of heparin and a mixture of penicillamine, hypotaurine, and epinephrine (PHE) solution in the in vitro fertilization (IVF) media seem to be a prerequisite when bovine spermatozoa are capacitated in vitro, in order to stimulate sperm motility and acrosome reaction. The present study was designed to determine the effect of the addition of heparin and PHE during IVF on the quality and penetrability of spermatozoa into bovine oocytes and on subsequent embryo development. Sperm quality, evaluated by the integrity of plasma and acrosomal membranes and mitochondrial function, was diminished (P < 0.05) in the presence of heparin and PHE. Oocyte penetration and normal pronuclear formation rates, as well as the percentage of zygotes presenting more than two pronuclei, was higher (P < 0.05) in the presence of heparin and PHE. No differences were observed in cleavage rates between treatment and control (P > 0.05). However, the developmental rate to the blastocyst stage was increased in the presence of heparin and PHE (P > 0.05). The quality of embryos that reached the blastocyst stage was evaluated by counting the inner cell mass (ICM) and trophectoderm (TE) cell numbers and total number of cells; the percentage of ICM and TE cells was unaffected (P > 0.05) in the presence of heparin and PHE (P < 0.05). In conclusion, this study demonstrated that while the supplementation of IVF media with heparin and PHE solution impairs spermatozoa quality, it plays an important role in sperm capacitation, improving pronuclear formation, and early embryonic development. © 2013 The Society for In Vitro Biology.

Manejo da adubação nitrogenada e utilização do nitrogênio (15N) pelo milho sob plantio direto com diferentes plantas de entressafra

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Absorção, distribuição e redistribuição de nitrogênio (15N) em cultivares de arroz de terras altas em função da aplicação de reguladores vegetais

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Utilização de isótopos estáveis de 13C e 15N na identificação de bacalhau Gadus e outras espécies de peixes salgados secos

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Rastreabilidade de farinhas de origem animal em tecidos de codornas de corte pela técnica dos isótopos estáveis de carbono ('intpot.13C'/'intpot.12C') e nitrogênio ('intpot.15N'/'intpot.14N')

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Ratoon sugarcane yield integrated drip-irrigation and nitrogen fertilization

The aim of this study was to compare the use of water and nitrogen on ratoon sugarcane during irrigated and rain-fed conditions, and to assess the production potential of stalks and sugar with different rates of N-fertilizer on the subsurface drip-irrigated management. The experimental design was a randomized block with four replications for each experiment and treatments: (T1) irrigated, 0kg N ha-1; (T2) irrigated, 70kg N ha-1; (T3) irrigated, 140kg N ha-1; (T4) irrigated, 210kg N ha-1; (T5) not irrigated, 0kg N ha-1, and (T6) not irrigated, 140kg N ha-1. Biometric, technological, dry matter and yield variables were analyzed among the treatments. The irrigation system together with the application of N-fertilizer at 140kg ha-1 presented significant differences in dry matter accumulation of shoots, and for the production of stalks and sugar, respectively 94, 105 and 106%, higher when compared to the not irrigated, without N-fertilizer (T5). There was a positive and synergistic effect of irrigation with N-fertilizer on the productivity of stalks and sugar. Ratoon sugarcane irrigated with subsurface dripping had the highest yield (22Mg ha-1 of sugar) with the dosage of 140kg ha-1 N.

Phosphorus fertilization of 'Fuyutoyo' cabbages in phosphorus-rich Eutrustox soil

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Nitrogen fertilization management in no-tillage maize with different winter crops

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

WHEAT NITROGEN FERTILIZATION UNDER NO TILL ON THE LOW ALTITUDE BRAZILIAN CERRADO

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Upland rice under no-tillage preceded by crops for soil cover and nitrogen fertilization

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Análise isotópica (Delta15N) e química do capim-marandu adubado com ureia e cama de frango e diferido

Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FMVZ

Nitrogen fertilization (15NH4NO3) of palisadegrass and residual effect on subsequent no-tillage corn

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

MORPHOGENESIS AND PRODUCTION OF TANZANIA, MOMBACA AND MULATO GRASSES UNDER NITROGEN FERTILIZATION

A field trial was conducted designed in a completely randomized block in a 4 x 3 factorial arrangement to evaluate the application of nitrogen doses (N) (0, 40, 80 and 160 kg/ha) on the morphogenical characteristics and dry matter partition of three forage grasses (Panicum maximum cvs. Mombasa and Tanzania and Brachiaria sp. Hybrid Mulato). The leaf appearance (LAR, leaf/day) and stretching (LER; mm/day) rates, the number of green leaves per tiller (NLT) and the average weight of tillers (MTW; g) presented s positive linear response to the N dose while the phyllochron (Phil; day/leaves) showed a negative linear response. The highest LER, IAL and final leaf length (FLL; cm) occurred in the Mombaca and Tanzania grasses, while the highest LAR occurred in the Mulato grass. There was a negative quadratic effect of the N dose on the stem elongation rate (SER; mm/day) and LF. The Mombaca and Tanzania grasses presented the highest SER; however, in just two forages. The production of total dry matter (TDM; kg/ha), leaves (LDM; kg/ha) and stems (SDM; kg/ha) increased linearly and quadratically with the N dose, respectively, for the Mombaca and Tanzania grasses. There was a high positive correlation among DM, LDM and SDM and the Mombaca grass MTW. The dry matter production and morphogenic characteristics were influenced by the nitrogen fertilization as a result of the substantial increase in the flow of tissues stimulated by fertilization, proving the importance of N for forage biomass accumulation.

LIMING AND POTASSIUM FERTILIZATION FOR TIFTON 85 GRASS

Despite the high nutritional requirements of Tifton 85 grass, often the importance of liming and potassium fertilization for this forage has been neglected. In order to evaluate the effects of such practices on shoots dry matter and tillering of this forage, was carried out an experiment in green-house conditions, by two cuts, using samples of an Oxisol medium texture and a sandy soil. Efforts were also made to determine parameters to support recommendations for liming and potassium fertilization. Was adopted the completely randomized design with four replications in a factorial scheme 4x4x2, with four K rates (0, 60, 120 and 180 mg kg(-1) K), four pH values (original, 4.9, 5.9 and 6.4) and two soils. Potassium fertilization and liming promoted a significant increase in shoot dry matter and tillering in Tifton 85 grass, in both soils and cuts. The highest yields of shoot dry matter were associated with a base saturation of 56% and pH 5.2. The critical levels of K in soil and plant were 1.7 mmol dm(-3) and 14.0 g kg(-1), respectively.

POTASSIC FERTILIZATION FOR CRAMBE CROP

There are few studies for the crambe crop (Crambe abyssinica Hochst), and studies that characterize the sufficiency level of K in the soil and leaves are indispensable to support future programs potassium fertilization for this crop of fall/winter. An experiment was carried out to investigate the response of crambe to K soil. The experiment was carried out on a clayey Red Latossol under no-till in Botucatu, S (a) over tildeo Paulo State, Brazil. Treatments consisted of seven K levels in the soil, resulting from the application year (2000 to 2010), the summer crop (soybean), 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 kg ha(-1) K2O. Before starting the experiment, soil samples were collected at depths of 0-20 cm and soil K contents determined by the resin and Mehlich-1 method. The sufficiency levels of K in soil and leaves were obtained considering the relative yield of 90%. When the levels of soil K extracted by resin and Mehlich-1, are above 88 and 94 mg dm(-3), respectively, equivalent to 26 g kg(-1) K in the leaves, the increase in crop yield of crambe is unlikely. These values should match the sufficiency level of crop and are sufficient to achieve relative grain yield of 90%.