Considerações acerca dos impactos ambientais decorrentes da implantação de reservatórios hidrelétricos com ênfase nos efeitos ocorrentes em aqüíferos livres e suas conseqüências

This paper discusses the process of induced elevation in the watertable adjacent to the hydroelectric reservoir after its filling, once the dam is completed and the impoundment of the river begins. It is presented a discussion on the main impacts caused by the installation of such enterprise, focusing on induced elevation, considering how the process of change in groundwater evolves and presenting synthesis of previous studies developed on this.

Superação de dormência e influência dos fatores ambientais na germinação de sementes de Spermacoce latifolia

Understanding basic information on weed biology contributes to the implementation of appropriate management and control strategies. Thus, this work was developed to evaluate the germination of Spermacoce latifolia Aubl. seeds, an important weed in reforestation areas. The seeds were subjected to dormancy break treatments, in which the mechanical scarification, chemical treatment (H2SO 4 and KNO 3), heat treatment, and control, were evaluated. Three more tests were done determinate the effects of temperature (10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35°C), light filters (absence of light and red, green, yellow, distant red, blue, orange and clear light) and water availability (0.0, -0.2, -0.4, -0.6, -0.8 and -1.0 MPa) on the seeds germination and vigor. The treatments were arranged in a completely randomized design with four replications, and the experimental plot was constituted by gerbox plastic boxes with 50 seeds. The mechanical scarification (sanding) provided the best dormancy break, indicating that Spermacoce latifolia seeds have tegument water impermeability. The seeds showed higher germination percentage under conditions of mild water stress (-0.2 MPa) and the optimal temperature was 25°C. The blue light reduced seed germination.

Efeitos ambientais da disposição oceânica de esgotos por meio de emissários submarinos: Uma revisão

Oceanic disposal systems of domestic sewage, or submarine sewage outfalls, have been historically used around the world as a solution for urban effluents, in special due to economic aspects. However, release into the ocean, in shallow or deep waters, may induce a set of negative environmental impacts, as eutrophication, toxic algal blooms, pathogenic microorganisms introduction and contamination by chemical substances which are capable of causing toxic effects to the biota and bioaccumulation. Thus, the release of untreated sewage into the sea does not constitute an adequate environmental practice; then, urban effluents should be treated in order to remove nutrients, contaminants and pathogenic organisms and avoid environmental degradation.

Avaliação de custos das internações de gestantes diabéticas de um Hospital Universitário do interior de São Paulo

This study aimed at identifying the hospitalization costs of pregnant women with Diabetes Mellitus (DM) at a University Hospital. It is an observational, quantitative study with descriptive data analysis. The direct and indirect costs available in the institution were identified in order to determine the hospitalization costs for patients diagnosed with DM during pregnancy and childbirth. By means of descriptive statistics, it was observed that 63.46% of the patients had caesarean delivery; the mean total cost was R$ 362.93 (U$ 218.10)/hospitalization during pregnancy, R$ 2,642.65 (U$ 1,588.13)/hospitalization for caesarean delivery, and R$ 2.319.77 (U$ 1,394.09)/hospitalization for vaginal delivery. It was concluded that the analysis of hospitalization costs for patients with DM is of utmost importance, since they are highcomplexity hospitalizations that require a large number of interventions, increasing thus the service costs.

Avaliação da capacidade de uso da terra da bacia do córrego do cavalheiro - Analândia, SP

Environmental factors are important in agriculture and need to be considered for getting good degree of development and reasonable efficiency, by reducing their operating costs. To this end, land use shall be appropriated to the conditions offered by the physical elements of the landscape. By facing such questions, this paper aims is to present of mapping the ability of land use of the hydrographic basins Cavalheiro Stream basin (in the city of Analândia - São Paulo State - Brazil) which presents serious erosion problems. Besides it aims to assess if the current land use in this area is consistent with the identified land use ability. For this we have made a cartographic document that spatializes the various classes of usability and its main restrictions. The correlative analysis between that document and land use data showed that Cavalheiro Stream's current use is predominantly inappropriate with the usability of land, which was identified from the physical attributes of the studied area, except for a few sites that are used for forestry and pasture placed in Western, Eastern and Central-South.

Avaliação de riscos ambientais no Aeroporto Internacional de Viracopos, Campinas (SP)

Considering the current context of environmental concern, the main purpose of this research was to develop and apply indicators to evaluate the environmental risk for airports. As a result, 19 indicators related to storage and handling dangerous substances were created. These indicators represent five conditions varying from the worst (level 1) to the ideal condition (level 5). The indicators were applied, as a study of case, at Viracopos International Airport, Campinas (SP). The results showed a medium performance of 2.3, using a scale raging from 1.0 to 5.0, characterized as 'critical'. Then, the indicators were analyzed to determine the major weaknesses related to the environmental management at Viracopos International Airport, as well as to identify good practices and solutions. Among the suggested management strategies, we highlight the suitability of areas for storage of dangerous substances. In general, it can be inferred that the indicators proposed in this paper to evaluate the performance in the management of environmental risks at the Viracopos International Airport and propose actions to prevent, monitor, correct, and mitigate the environmental impacts of its operations.

Efeitos ambientais e genéticos sobre escores visuais e ganho em peso ao sobreano de bovinos brangus

This research aimed at studying the effects of age of the cow at calving (IVP), age of the animal at yearling (IDS), the direct additive genetic (AD) and maternal (AM) effects and individual heterozygosity (HI) on visual scores of conformation (CS), early finishing (PS) and muscling (MS) at postweaning and average daily gain from weaning to yearling (GDS) of cattle used to originate the Brangus breed. There were analyzed records on 24 531, 21 166, 24 006 and 25 419 for CS, PS, MS and GDS, respectively, of animals born from 1986 to 2002 belonging to livestock files of Gensys Consultores Associados S/C Ltda. The analyses were performed by the least square method using mathematical models that included contemporary group as class variable and IVP, IDS, AD, AM and HI as covariates. IVP showed linear and quadratic effects (p<0.01) on GDS and linear (p<0.01) on PS, while the quadratic effect of IDS was not significant for PS and GDS. AD and AM were significant (p<0.01) only for PS and MS scores, respectively. All the traits were significantly (p<0.01) influenced by HI. The environmental and genetic effects were important sources of variation for the studied traits and should be taken into account when comparison of animals and selection were performed.

Custos e viabilidade econômica da produção de casulos do bicho-da-seda

Sericiculture is characterized by the possibility of income generation in areas smaller than 10.0 ha and by the rationalization of family labor. Even considering this favorable scenario for the development of this activity, there is still a gap in the management of its economic factors in most of the rural properties within this chain, contributing negatively to their expansion. This study aimed at assessing the production cost and economic viability for producing silkworm cocoons, by using a case study conducted in a property located in Quatá, São Paulo State, Brazil. The main results for a production of 1,904 kg-1 of silkworm cocoons, with labor costs reaching 51.5% of the Effective Operating Cost and 35.5% of the Total Operating Cost, were a profitability index higher than 50% and an Internal Rate of Return of 9.68%, for the second production year, providing a good profitability rate for this agricultural segment, when we consider that the improved profitability of the producer is proportional to the best production indicators, particularly due to the fast return that this activity provides.

Modelos matemáticos para problemas de dimensionamento de lotes com restrições de capacidade e custos de transporte

In this paper, capacitated lot sizing problems in which the classical lot sizing decisions are made considering the transportation costs of the manufactured products were studied. These costs are related to the necessary number of pallets or trucks to pack and/or transport the products from the factory to the warehouse. Three extensions of a mixed integer linear programming model from the literature are considered, representing general cases that are commonly found in companies. These models are tested and evaluated using an optimization package, and a Lagrangian heuristic was developed for one of the extensions proposed.

A aprendizagem de conceitos climáticos e ambientais através de novas tecnologias visando a inclusão digital e a educação ambiental

Pós-graduação em Geografia - IGCE

Identificação do teor de nitrogênio foliar em cana-de-açúcar no estágio inicial de crescimento utilizando infravermelho próximo e sistemas inteligentes

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Planejamento e projeto de circuitos secundários de distribuição de energia elétrica por meio de algoritmo busca tabu

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Ecologia termal da jararaca-ilhoa, Bothrops insularis (Serpentes, Viperidae): um estudo em condições naturais

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Anurofauna em uma área de ecótono entre Cerrado e Floresta Estacional: diversidade, distribuição e a influência de características ambientais

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Influência relativa de parâmetros ambientais e espaciais na diversidade de anuros (Amphibia: Anura) dos Campos Gerais, Paraná, Brasil

Pós-graduação em Biologia Animal - IBILCE