Avaliação dos resíduos sólidos gerados no Restaurante Universitário da UNESP de Rio Claro: uma análise do potencial de compostagem

A consequence of population growth is the increased generation of solid waste, which requires environmentally and economically viable suitable disposal sites. The scarcity of such sites makes necessary to adopt non-generation measures, reduction, reuse , recycling and treatment of solid waste before final disposal of waste. This paper presents the quantification and qualification of organic waste generated in each sector of the University Restaurant (UR) , by proposing indicators of waste generation per meal (index of waste) . Then, from the characterization of the waste management practices adopted internally, evaluates the potential deployment of the composting process for organic waste, with signaling for opportunities to improve waste management. The diagnosis of waste generation was made based on data collected during the period of 10 days. The waste were classified into 3 groups (organic, recyclable and waste) in each sector of the restaurant ( pre preparation , kitchen and tray return) . The results reveal that 33 % of the waste generated in the UR currently has the potential to be composted in a suitable place on campus. Every meal served generat approximately 124g of waste, of which 35g are organic waste of the pre preparation sector, 49g are remnants of food in the tray’s return and 40g are other kinds of waste, including recyclable and non recyclable. You can still get a higher percentage of compostable if the trays pre-wash is not performed with detergent and water. To minimize the generation of waste trays can be replaced by plates and skimmers and ladles can be replaced by smaller ones. The food exposed in the counter but not consumed, can be distributed to students after the restaurant is closed so this material would not be disposed in the garbage

A política nacional de resíduos sólidos e o plano diretor municipal de Rio Claro/SP: o uso como instrumento para a gestão urbano-ambiental municipal

Due to the large economic development associated with the growing consumerist lifestyle of our capitalist society, the problem of uncontrolled solid waste generation worsens, which one is considered to be one of the main responsible factors for environmental degradation. As a case study and in order to solve the problem of large generation of municipal solid waste, this work aims to study the “plano diretor” of Rio Claro city, São Paulo. The “plano diretor” is a municipal law that provides guidelines for the administration of the city, which include guidelines for the management of solid waste generated in the city. The guidelines required in order to write the “plano diretor” are provided by the national law “estatuto da cidade”, providing information for the planning and development of the cities, as well as the management of the urban environment. However, only the “estatuto da cidade” does not provide enough instructions for creating management plans in order to solve the many problems from the urban environment. Thus, studies have been done about urban and environmental management, to understand how municipal management plans should be structured. As a form of seeking information that can complement the “plano diretor” to the creation of policies for managing solid waste of the city, the “Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos”(PNRS) emerges in 2010 as a document which provides principles, objectives and guidelines to create plans for Solid Waste Management at the national, state, regional and municipal levels. Therefore, it was possible to make a joint analysis of the “plano diretor” of Rio Claro with the PNRS to identify what is already done within the municipality about the solid waste management, and identify which aspects are most significant in the municipal solid waste management that the national policy provides. Yet studies have been done on the current municipal solid waste management...

Aplicações práticas de proteção radiológica nas áreas de medicina nuclear e radiodiagnóstico em instalações hospitalares

After the discovery of ionizing radiation, its applications in various fields of science began to take significant proportions. In the case of medicine, there are the application areas in radiotherapy, diagnostic radiology and nuclear medicine. It was then necessary to create the field of radiological protection to establish the conditions necessary for the safe use of such ionizing radiation. Apply knowledge obtained during the graduation stage and in the practice of radiological protection in the areas of nuclear medicine and diagnostic radiology. In the area of nuclear medicine, tests were made in the Geiger-Muller counters (GM) and the dose calibrator (curiometer), the monitoring tests of radiation, waste management, clean of the Therapeutic room and testing the quality control of gamma-chambers. In the area of radiology, were performed tests of quality control equipment for conventional X-ray equipment and x-ray fluoroscopy, all following the rules of the National Health Surveillance Agency (ANVISA), and reporting of tests. The routine developed in the fields of nuclear medicine in hospitals has proved very useful, since the quality control of GM counters contribute to the values of possible contamination are more reliable. The control of dose calibrator enables the patient not to receive different doses of the recommended amounts, which prevents the repetition of tests and unnecessary exposure to radiation. The management of waste following the rules and laws established and required for its management. Tests for quality control of gamma chambers help to evaluate its medical performance through image. In part of diagnostic radiology, tests for quality control are performed in order to verify that the equipment is acceptable for usage or if repairs are needed. The knowledge acquired at the internship consolidated the learning of graduation course

Uso de composto de poda de árvore e lodo de esgoto como substratos na formação de mudas de sangra d'água (Croton urucurana Baill.) irrigadas com três lâminas de água

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Ciência do Solo) - FCAV

Gerenciamento na construção civil - planejamento e controle: estudo de caso no planejamento físico de um empreendimento imobiliário

Given the high competitiveness in the construction industry, businesses became necessary in a management which reduce costs and delivery times, and is fundamental to running a compatible planning with the magnitude of each work order is the same make feasible the executor. When it comes to planning, one is including both the physical planning of the work, time and duration of the events, as well as the preparation of the cost thereof. There are numerous ways to run the management of works, then it is necessary, in most cases, the planning experience, in previous works, the engineer in charge, because with it he should know what strategy to take the work skirt as planned and designed. For a complete and efficient management, an initial study hard to prepare the physical and financial planning it is necessary, in order to make it real and consistent throughout the execution of the work. It is necessary also a hard monitoring of both the physical and the financial schedule in order to what was initially planned to be completed as close as possible. This paper shows a case study which uses some ways to the management be held with the course of planning, medium and short term, as well as the preparation of the initial budget of the work. Will also be presented as is performed physical planning of a real estate work

Gestão de resíduos sólidos urbanos: contribuições socioambientais de duas cooperativas de catadores de materiais recicláveis na região do Médio Paranapanema

Pós-graduação em Biociências - FCLAS

Práticas de gestão da melhoria contínua e aprendizado e suas contribuições para a capacidade de inovação na indústria de construção naval do Brasil

After years of stagnation, the naval construction industry in Brazil has been experiencing a period of recovery caused by investments in the oil and gas sector and the implementation of governmental programs that aimed to regenerate it. However, efforts in learning and innovations are needed in order to reinsert the country in this activity and achieve international levels of competitiveness. Based on literature about learning processes and continuous improvement practices and their impact in the innovative and productive processes, this paper aims to identify the main tendencies, mechanisms and procedures to improve the construction and management processes in the Brazilian naval construction industry. The methodology used for the data analysis classifies obtained information from magazines and annals of congresses of the sector, according to the established analysis categories (phenomena). Such categories study information related to the productive and technological processes of the industry, the main internal and external relations of the industrial park, the management of resources and processes, policies, investments, etc. The data was collected in the period 2004-2010, and more than 500 registers that show a dominance of the investment phenomenon, especially in the increase of productive capacity, were catalogued. In addition to this, there is evidence of modernization in the manufacturing plan and the equipment, diverse forms of cooperation, implementation of human resources management practices and engineering or processes and products. Hence, a process of catching up governs and is guided by modernization and increase training in this industry.

Gestão de resíduos sólidos no município de Tibagi - PR: desempenho da coleta seletiva

The objective of this study was to analyze the performance of solid waste management in the municipality of Tibagi, Paraná, a city with approximately 20000 inhabitants, which implemented the selective collection program called Recycle Tibagi. The analysis was based on descriptive statistical techniques, considering the three types of waste (tailings, organic and recyclable), and per capita generation of garbage upward trend in the coming years, based on the method of Winter (Triple Exponential Damping), using data recorded by the Department of the Environment and the Association of Recyclable Materials from Tibagi - ACAMARTI. Efficient selective collection from a structured environmental education program with constant training conducted with the scavengers, possible to obtain important data in sorting and marketing of recyclable materials, saving raw materials, water and energy, as well as relevant indicators social inclusion and employment generation and income. The project involves several areas of municipal management and arouses curiosity and interest in several areas: social, financial, environmental and administrative. It's a way to encourage new projects and public bodies, highlighting the importance of recycling and proper disposal of solid waste.

Recycling scrap automotive heat shield insulation material

Automotive heat shields are usually composed of two metal sheets enclosing an insulating material with a paper-like texture that contains refractory ceramic particles. This article discusses the results achieved by recycling the scrap automotive insulation that is discarded in landfills, using the same concept as paper recycling. For comparison with the original product, tests of thickness, bulk density, weight loss on ignition, tensile strength, compressibility, and recovery were performed on recycled materials produced in a so-called "manual" process (involving little automation and performed in adapted facilities) without pressing, and pressed once, twice, and four times. Materials recycled in a so-called "industrial" process (in a paper recycling plant) without pressing, and pressed once were also tested. The recycled materials can be considered approved with respect to the main requirement, thermal insulation, since they dissipated the under-hood temperature by more than 300 A degrees C (like the original product). Like the heat insulation tests, the thermogravimetric analysis suggested that the recycled materials showed higher stability than the original product. Thermogravimetric, microscopy, and energy dispersive spectroscopy analyses indicated that the structural and compositional characteristics of the original product were preserved after recycling.

Histopathological changes in the perivisceral fat body of Rhinocricus padbergi (Diplopoda, Spirobolida) triggered by biosolids

Human activities generate a great amount of sewage daily, which is dumped into the sewer system. After sewage-treatment processes, sewage sludge is generated. Such byproduct can be treated by different methods; the result of treatment is a stabilized compost of reduced pathogenicity that has a similar inorganic chemical composition to the raw sewage sludge. After such pretreatment, sewage sludge is called a biosolids, and it can be used in agriculture. In this contest, the present study evaluated the effects of a sample of biosolids on the perivisceral fat body of a diplopod. These invertebrates are soil organisms that play an important role in the dynamics of terrestrial ecosystems, and as a consequence, they are in contact with xenobiotics present in this environmental compartment. Special emphasis is given on the interpretation of the effects of complex mixtures in target organs of diplopods. A semiquantitative analysis for the evaluation of histopathological changes in the perivisceral fat body was proposed. The sample-induced histopathological and ultrastructural changes in individuals exposed to it, and the severity of the effects was positively related to the exposure time, resulting in the deaths of exposed individuals after 90 days. Thus, the results indicate the need for caution in the use of biosolids as well as the need for improving waste management techniques, so they will produce environmentally innocuous final products.

Gestão integrada de resíduos sólidos urbanos nos municípios da UGRHI- 14 Alto Paranapanema: interfaces concretas e potencialidades

Pós-graduação em Geografia - FCT

Proposição de modelo de logística reversa de resíduos sólidos domésticos recicláveis para o municípios de Rio Claro - SP

The approval of the Solid Waste National Policy on August 2, 2010, brought important advances on the issue of solid waste nationwide. Several requirements were imposed causing public and private sectors to direct the problem more diligently. At the same time, the growth of human consumption and the negative impacts of related activities are increasing pressure for new ways to manage wastes. This study was carried out in order to bring proposals for a new model of solid waste management in the city of Rio Claro. To do so, it was used methodologies which stick to collaborative approaches in order to co-create a new vision considering different points of view . This new proposal includes four main initiatives: the integration of a reverse logistics system and collection of recycling materials in all kinds of educational institutions; the use of a routing platform for collection of solid wastes and recycling materials; the application of a garbage fee to residents who use the collection of solid waste system; and a bonus system developed by the private sector as a marketing strategy, encouraged by the public sector, enabling residents to separate their wastes correctly and leave them in one of the educational institutions to exchange points for discounts at local markets

Diagnóstico do plano de gestão de resíduos sólidos do município de Osasco (SP)

The management of solid waste has been a great challenge to public managers both because of its high operational costs and increasing waste generation. Besides environmental and public health harm, it involves high costs to be mitigated. It is necessary to seek solutions that focus on, amongst other matters, economic efficiency for a healthy environment. This could be reached with sustainable development, which has proven itself as an alternative model of development to the actual one in place. In order to ensure that sustentability is the goal of an activity, it is necessary to establish goals and to evaluate a system in order to track opportunities and correct possible mistakes, that is, it is necessary to elaborate a Waste Management Plan. However, in order to establish goals, it is also necessary a good description of the management of solid waste, thus diagnosis is a core aspect in the building of an specific law, as it will allow for the knowledge of the actual status of solid waste collection in Osasco town, showing what progress has been made in recent years, identifying current problems and generating the foundations to build future perspectives in the area. The present work has seeked to elaborate a diagnosis on waste management in Osasco municipality, presenting places for consultation and analysing how it meets the current legislation in place, enabling it to serve as a model for the elaboration of other diagnosis in other Brazilian municipalities

Gerenciamento de resíduos odontológicos no serviço público

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Protocolo de biossegurança e gerenciamento de resíduos no ensino de radiologia odontológica da Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba-UNESP

In dentistry, the technic and radiographic processing incur the possibility of cross infection and environmental contamination. The dentist is responsible for the patient and dental team. For this reason he needs to take a protocol to prevent the spread of microorganisms and environmental exposure to risk factors. The protocols are introduced in the dentistry school as an important teaching tool, whose learning and application reinforce the importance of continuity of these actions in the professional activity. The objective of this paper is to present the biosafety and waste management protocol used in the dental radiology clinic of Araçatuba Dental School, including procedures for the prevention of biological and environmental contamination.