Rumen microbial diversity under influence of a polyclonal antibody preparation against lactate-producing and proteolytic bacteria in cows fed different energy sources

Nine ruminally cannulated cows fed different energy sources were used to evaluate an avianderived polyclonal antibody preparation against specific ruminal bacteria and monensin on microbial community diversity. The experimental design was three Latin squares 3 x 3 distinguished by the main energy source in the diet [dry-ground corn grain, high moisture corn silage or citrus pulp]. Inside each Latin square, animals received one of the feed additives per period [control, monensin or polyclonal antibody preparation]. Each period lasted 21 days where 20 were used for treatments adaptation and the last one for sampling collection. Microbial diversity was evaluated by protozoa counts and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. Polyclonal antibodies plus citrus pulp (CiPu) addition in the diet resulted in an increase of relative counting of Isotricha protozoa that indicates a possible effect on this ruminal ciliate population. In general lines, in the present experiment, it was not possible to assign that there was a pattern in the structures of amplification of Bacteria and Archaea communities of the ruminal content. Oral passive immunization is a technology that arises as an effective alternative for feed additive production. Further research is still necessary to better understand its mechanisms of action.

Humoral antibody immune response of newcastle disease vaccination in lovebirds (Agapornis roseicollis)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Broiler breeder feeding programs and trace minerals on maternal antibody transfer and broiler humoral immune response

Breeder feed restriction may negatively affect broiler progeny immunity. Sources of trace minerals (TM) with higher bioavailability in breeder diets have been reported to enhance humoral and cellular immunity in broiler progeny. An experiment was conducted to examine the effects of breeder feeding programs and TM dietary sources on maternal antibody transfer and humoral immune response of progeny to a live vaccine against Newcastle disease virus (NDV). Cobb 500 breeders were fed according to 2 feed allocation programs, sigmoid late fast and sigmoid late slow, from 14 to 29 wk of age. From 56 to 62 wk of age, breeders were fed with either inorganic TM or an organic source (OTM) to replace 30% of Cu, Zn, and Mn. Progeny broilers were vaccinated intraocularly with La Sota NDV vaccine at 7 d of age. Blood samples were collected at hatching, 4, and 14 d postvaccination. Serum antibody levels against NDV were assessed by ELISA and cytokine expression by real time PCR. At hatching, late slow breeder progeny fed diets with 30% OTM had higher antibody titers as compared with progeny of breeders fed 100% inorganic TM. Similar results were observed 2 wk postvaccination. Breeder feeding programs and TM sources affected the expression level of IL-4 in NDV vaccinated broiler progeny. It was concluded that breeder feeding programs influenced humoral immune response to NDV vaccine in the broiler progeny, and 30% OTM may increase these responses. © 2013 Poultry Science Association, Inc.

Evaluation of canine and feline leishmaniasis by the association of blood culture, immunofluorescent antibody test and polymerase chain reaction

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Antiplatelet and Antithrombotic Activities of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs Containing an N-Acyl Hydrazone Subunit

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Rumen microbial diversity under influence of a polyclonal antibody preparation against lactate-producing and proteolytic bacteria in cows fed different energy sources

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Proposed method for agglutinating antibody titer analysis and its use as indicator of acquired immunity in pacu, Piaractus mesopotamicus

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Antiplatelet drugs reduce the immunoinflammatory response in a rat model of periodontal disease

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Do anticoagulant and antiplatelet agents prevent acute graft thrombosis in renal transplantation? A meta-analysis of case series studies

Introduction & Objectives: Thrombosis of the renal allograft is expected to occur in 1–6% of kidney transplants, and graft loss is expected in almost all cases. Anticoagulant and anti-platelet agents could serve as an adjunctive preventive measure, but sound evidence of benefits are still lacking, in this setting. We therefore assessed the efficacy and safety of anticoagulant and anti-platelet agents, in reducing the rate of renal allograft thrombosis. Methods: A review of the literature was carried out in major databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE and LILACS), with a comprehensive search strategy, to locate all available case series studies of anticoagulant and/or anti-platelet prophylaxis of thrombosis in renal transplantation. The date of the last search was 11 August 2014. We pooled all case series in a proportional meta-analysis. Statistical significance was achieved if the 95% confidence intervals obtained for each intervention did not overlap. Results: Our search strategy retrieved 7160 titles, from which 21 case series were chosen for analysis. A total of 3246 patients were identified (1718 treated with antiplatelet and/or anticoagulant agents, and 1528 non-treated control subjects). Allograft thrombosis occurred in 7.24% (95% CI 3.45 to 12.27%) of the patients receiving no intervention, compared to 3.38% (95% CI 1.45 to 6.1%), 1.2% (95% CI 0.6 to 2.1%) and 0.47% (95% CI 0.001 to 1.79%), in the anticoagulant, aspirin, and aspirin + anticoagulant groups, respectively. Bleeding complication rates were 28.0% (95% CI 15.4 to 42.7%) for anticoagulants, compared to 12.13% (95% CI 0.8 to 33.93%) for aspirin + anticoagulant, 0.31% (95% CI 0.0001 to 1.32%) for aspirin, and 6.1% (95% CI 2.2 to 11.7%) for the control group. Conclusions: Aspirin is more effective in reducing allograft thrombosis, after kidney transplantation, whether alone or in association with an anticoagulant, when compared to no drug prophylaxis, and without higher haemorrhagic complication rates. Anticoagulants, when used alone, do not show a beneficial effect on thrombosis rates, additionally yielding higher bleeding rates.

Multiscale sensing of antibody - antigen interactions by organic transistors and single-molecule force spectroscopy

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Characterization of a monoclonal antibody recognizing mast cells

Immunohistochemical screening for monoclonal antibodies prepared by immunization of mice with a rat osteoblastic cell population led to identification of one antibody that reacted against a small population of cells present in the soft connective tissue compartment of 21 days fetal rat calvaria. The morphology of the cells and the immunohistochemical staining characteristics (a distinct intracellular granular pattern) suggested that the antibody might be reacting specifically against mast cells. We used combined histochemistry and immunohistochemistry to further characterize this antibody, designated RCJ102. Cryosections containing calvaria bone, soft connective tissues and skin were prepared from the top of the head of 21 days fetal rats, and from adult rats cryosections of lung, muscle, adipose tissue and small intestine were prepared. Some sections were labelled by indirect immunofluorescence with RCJ102; corresponding sections were labelled histochemically with toluidine blue. There was a direct correspondence between mast cells identified histochemically and cells labelling with RCJ102 in all tissues except intestine, in which the mast cell detectable by histochemistry were not labelled by RCJ102. These results suggest that the RCJ102 antibody will be a valuable new reagent for further elucidation of the heterogeneity described between connective tissue and intestinal mucosal mast cells.

Fluorescent antibody test, quantitative polymerase chain reaction pattern and clinical aspects of rabies virus strains isolated from main reservoirs in Brazil

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)