Greenhouse gas balance associated with sugarcane production in South-Central Brazil, considering the management and expansion

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Índice de estresse hídrico na cultura de cana-de-açúcar, em superfícies irrigadas sobre diferentes exposições e declividades

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Imagens aéreas multiespectrais na identificação de zonas de manejo em áreas de algodão para aplicação localizada de insumos

Crop yield is influenced by several factors with variability in time and space that are associated with the variations in the plant vigor. This variability allows the identification of management zones and site-specific applications to manage different regions of the field. The purpose of this study was the use of multispectral image for management zones identification and implications of site-specific application in commercial cotton areas. Multispectral airborne images from three years were used to classify a field into three vegetation classes via the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). The NDVI classes were used to verify the potential differences between plant physical measurements and identify management zones. The cotton plant measurements sampled in 8 repetitions of 10 plants at each NDVI class were Stand Count, Plant Height, Total Nodes and Total Bolls. Statistical analysis was performed with treatments arranged in split plot design with Tukey’s Test at 5% of probability. The images were classified into five NDVI classes to evaluate the relationship between cotton plant measurement results and sampling location across the field. The results have demonstrated the possibility of using multispectral image for management zones identification in cotton areas. The image classification into three NDVI classes showed three different zones in the field with similar characteristics for the studied years. Statistical differences were shown for plant height, total nodes and total bolls between low and high NDVI classes for all years. High NDVI classes contained plants with greater height, total nodes and total bolls compared to low NDVI classes. There was no difference in Stand Count between low and high NDVI classes for the three studied years. The final plant stand was the same between all NDVI classes for 2001 and 2003 as it was expected due to the conventional seeding application with the same rate of seeds for the entire field.

Análise do índice de cobertura vegetal da área urbana de Piratininga (SP)

The urban area is now home to 50% of world population and the activities related to their disorganized growth, promote the formation of an unhealthy environment. The urban vegetation is necessary and beneficial, because in addition to bringing the man of nature, mitigates climate change and improve the urban microclimate. This study aimed at surveying and analyzing the rate of existing vegetation in urban Piratininga - SP, and from the data obtained, provide allowance for management and planning of green areas and urban areas. Data came from sample survey conducted in 2007 and computerized survey conducted in 2010 indicated that many new neighborhoods have low opt for planting trees of small to medium which does not enhance the urban environment requiring an environmental planning.

Comportamento do carbono orgânico e de atributos químicos, físicos e microbiológicos de um solo arenoso em área de conversão pastagem - Eucalipto

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Manejo de minimelancia cultivada em fibra da casca de coco, sob ambiente protegido

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Procedimento para homologação de sistemas ecoeficientes para obtenção de créditos de carbono

This paper deals with the homologation process for obtaining carbon credits through the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), that regulates the greenhouse gases reductions under the rules of the Kyoto Protocol. The CDM evaluates projects through a project cycle, which begins with the preparation of the Project Design Document (PDD) until the project certification to receive Certified Emission Reductions (CERs), popularly known as carbon credits. This study analyzed the implementation of the system Burner Recorder System for Low Flows of Biogas (QRBBV), developed by Marcelino Junior & Godoy (2009), in an eco-friendly wastewater treatment mini-plant (miniEETERA), built at the site of UNESP - Guaratinguetá SP. The QRBBV system is low cost and high reliability, developed to burn the methane generated at sites of low and variable production of biogas, which is not economically justified their energy recovery. Currently, almost all wastewater generated at the site of the campus is being treated by miniEETERA and, as a result, the biogas originated by this activity is being released into the atmosphere. Therefore, the project activity aims to capture and burn the biogas generated by miniEETERA, reducing the negative effects caused by the methane emissions into the atmosphere and, thus, claim to receive carbon credits. This work aimed to demonstrate the project applicability under CDM through the study and preparation of the PDD, as well as an analysis of the entire project cycle required for homologation. The result of the work obtained an estimate of only 20 CERs per year and proved to be economically unviable for approval through the CDM, since the spending with the approval process would not be compensated with the sale of CERs, mainly due the low carbon price in the world market. From an environmental standpoint, the project is perfectly... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Fisiologia, qualidade e produtividade da videira cv Syrah em diferentes estratégias de irrigação no semiárido

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Proteção de Plantas) - FCA