Avaliação da produtividade em áreas de campo sujo com diferentes históricos de fogo

Fire is a common event in different ecosystems and can both be caused by humans or have natural sources.. In many of these ecosystems, natural fires are an important factor that determines the vegetation. The reduction of tree cover by fire for example, resulted in the evolution of several species-rich ecosystems, dominated by C4 grasses. However, the fire caused by human actions may have greater intensity and lead to negative responses of vegetation, since man changed the fire regime in many parts of the world, such as in the Cerrado. The passage of fire can benefit herbaceous and woody seedlings that cannot compete with the dominant grass layer. It removes the dead biomass and litter (major components of the fuel load), opening up spaces within the grass matrix that allow the establishment of other species. After some time without fire, an increase in shrub cover and decrease herbaceous layer can be observed. One of the major consequences of the absence of fire in savanna and grassland ecosystems is the accumulation of flammable dead biomass (mainly composed of graminoids), which will probably be the fuel load of the next burning thus, fires will be more intense and hotter. Moreover, very frequent burns lead to a reduction in the frequency and density of grasses. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the quantity and quality of biomass in areas with different fire history (fire exclusion for 2 and 7 years) in areas of campo sujo in central Cerrado. Plots (1x1m) were established in both areas and all aboveground biomass of each plot was cut at ground level and put in paper bags in the field. In the laboratory, the material was sorted into live and dead biomass. In addition, live biomass was separated into different functional groups (graminoids, forbs, Vellozia spp, palm and shrubs). The material was oven dried for two days at 80°C and subsequently weighed. In both areas, we found a dominance of graminoid and dead biomass. The area...

Análise fractal de fraturas em regime linear elástico: modo I de carregamento

For the development of this graduate work of fractal fracture behavior, it is necessary to establish references for fractal analysis on fracture surfaces, evaluating, from tests of fracture tenacity on modes I, II and combined I / II, the behavior of fractures in fragile materials, on linear elastic regime. Fractures in the linear elastic regime are described by your fractal behavior by several researchers, especially Mecholsky JJ. The motivation of that present proposal stems from work done by the group and accepted for publication in the journal Materials Science and Engineering A (Horovistiz et al, 2010), where the model of Mecholsky could not be proven for fractures into grooved specimens for tests of diametric compression of titania on mode I. The general objective of this proposal is to quantify the distinguish surface regions formed by different mechanisms of fracture propagation in linear elastic regime in polymeric specimens (phenolic resin), relating tenacity, thickness of the specimens and fractal dimension. The analyzed fractures were obtained from SCB tests in mode I loading, and the acquisition of images taken using an optical reflection microscope and the surface topographies obtained by the extension focus method of reconstruction, calculating the values of fractal dimension with the use of maps of elevations. The fractal dimension was classified as monofractal dimension (Df), when the fracture is described by a single value, or texture size (Dt), which is a macroscopic analysis of the fracture, combined with the structural dimension (Ds), which is a microscopic analysis. The results showed that there is no clear relationship between tenacity, thickness and fractal values for the material investigated. On the other hand it is clear that the fractal values change with the evolution of cracks during the fracture process ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

O regime de metas inflacionárias e sua adequação à economia brasileira

The Inflation Targeting Regime was adopted in Brazil in 1999 and it aims at maintaining the price level in the interval set by the government. For such reason, the Central Bank makes use of variations in the interest rate, which causes the cost of the credit to be more expensive, reducing the investments, the jobs and, concomitantly, the inflation. Being aware that the country is subject to sudden reversals of the international capital flows which results in exchange rate and price instability, an econometric analysis of the adequation of the targerting regime to the Brazilian economy, especially concerned with the index price that is used as the parameter for the inflation calculus, is proposed

Política monetária do Banco Central do Brasil: uma análise sobre a inserção e a eficácia do regime de metas de inflação durante os anos de 1999-2010

O capítulo 1 trará as mais importantes correntes teóricas sobre inflação, desde meados do século XX até o fim deste século. Também será demonstrado o pensamento da corrente Cepalina, mais especificamente os autores brasileiros que escrevem acerca da inflação que era observada no período (década de 1980). Assim, chegaremos a como se é formulado o regime de metas de inflação. Após isso, foi efetuada uma cronologia desde a implementação do plano real no Brasil até a inserção do regime de metas de inflação em 1999. O capítulo 2 tem como seu conteúdo principal abordar a eficácia do regime de metas de inflação. Para isso, trará um modelo estatístico, mostrando e interpretando os resultados obtidos. Após isso, o capítulo trará um panorama geral de como evoluiu o regime de metas de inflação no Brasil nos anos em que o trabalho se situa. Na conclusão, serão trazidos os principais questionamentos do trabalho, bem como as respostas encontradas para este e os eventuais desafios que um aprofundamento maior poderá acarretar

Avaliação física e radiográfica dos carpos, tarsos e articulações interfalangeanas de touros de raças zebuínas em regime de colheita de sêmen

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FCAV

A Escola nacional de Informações: a formação dos agentes para a inteligência durante o regime militar

Pós-graduação em História - FCHS

Análise de geradores piezelétricos acoplados com circuitos retificadores operando em regime caótico

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEIS

O regime de metas de inflação: fundamentação teórica e abordagem empírica para o Brasil

Pós-graduação em Economia - FCLAR

Historiografia da inserção do Brasil no regime internacional de acumulação nas eras FHC e Lula: do regional ao multilateral

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

A lei e a força no regime militar brasileiro: da proscrição da frente ampla à edição do Ato Institucional n. 5

This article analyses the Brazilian political process in the period between the beginning of the government of general Arthur da Costa e Silva in March 15, 1967 and the edition of the Institutional Act No. 5 (December 13, 1968). Through the analysis of the key moments in this context, seeks to qualify the actions of the main political players in terms of their goals and strategies and assess the impact that they had on the production of authoritarian legislation.

O regime de metas de inflação no Brasil: uma análise empírica do IPCA

Inflation targeting regime is a monetary policy adopted by several countries in the 1990s, Brazil being among them, which adopted it in 1999 after a currency crisis. With a theoretical framework inspired by the new-classical theory, this regime is adopted by countries attempting to achieve price stability and it brings the prior announcement of a numerical target for inflation as a key feature. The present work aims at discussing the use of IPCA (Consumer Price Index) as a measuring index for Brazil's inflation after briefly explain the theoretical basis of the IT regime.

In-Office dental bleaching efficacy assessment in function of the light exposure regime by digital colometric reflectance spectroscopy

In-office dental bleaching has been subject of several studies. Generally those studies quantify through visual analysis, the shade reduction of the teeth submitted to different bleaching protocols (light sources, bleaching agent concentrations and irradiation time). The objective of this work is the determination of the influence of four irradiation protocols on the obtainment of better aesthetic results using a colorimetric spectrophotometer that quantifies color changes in each situation imposed. Forty bovine incisors were selected in function of similar anatomic characteristics; a concentrated coffee solution was used to stain the teeth. A commercial spectrophotometer was used to measure the color changes during evolution of the experiment (stain and bleaching phases) and the obtained data was analyzed by the ANOVA test. The obtained data showed the evolution of teeth color during the staining period, as well as, the color reduction that each bleaching protocol achieved. Based on our findings it is possible to conclude that bleaching protocols with larger irradiation periods did not showed significant differences when compared with shorter irradiation protocols, in that way the use of protocols with 30 min or more of consecutive irradiation are not clinically justified and also can cause several side effects.

A method for retrieving endodontic or atypical non-endodontic separated instruments from the root canal: a report of two cases

Aim: This clinical report presents a new method for retrieving separated instruments from the root canal with minimally invasive procedures. Background: The presence of separated instrument in root canal may interfere in the endodontic treatment prognosis. There are several recommended methods to retrieve separated instruments, but some are difficult in clinically practice. Case report: This study describes two cases of separated instrument removal from the root canal using a stainless-steel prepared needle associated with a K-file. Case 1 presented a fractured gutta-percha condenser within the mandibular second premolar, it was separated during incorrect intracanal medication calcium hydroxide placement. Case 2 had a fractured sewing needle within the upper central incisor that the patient used to remove food debris from the root canal. After cervical preparation, the fractured instruments were fitted inside a prepared needle and then an endodontic instrument (#25 K-file) was adapted with clockwise turning motion between the needle inner wall and the fragment. Conclusion: The endodontic or atypical nonendodontic separated instrument may be easily pull on of the root canal using a single and low cost device. Clinical significance: The methods for retrieving separated instruments from root canal are difficult and destructive procedures. The present case describes a simple method to solve this problem.

Lei de responsabilidade educacional: direito fundamental à educação, regime jurídico administrativo e responsabilização dos agentes públicos

Pós-graduação em Educação - FCT

Identidade psicossocial dos adolescentes no regime de internato na Educação Agrícola

Psychosocial Identity of the adolescents in boarding school system in the agricultural education Abstract: This article is the result of a research where we try to study and to understand the psychosocial identity of adolescents undergoing boarding. We discussed the issue of boarding school in literature and notes about adolescence in various psychological approaches. Research strategies were interviews, and focus group reports. We conclude that, even with the difficulties students believe that the promising future can only be achieved through technical training, which would enable them not only to acquire a knowledge, but also as a way to gain access to a better-paying job. A better understanding of the surrounding reality allows us to subsidize various professional institutions also adopt boarding as an option to stay.