Avaliação da dinâmica dos processos erosivos lineares e sua relação com a evolução do uso da terra

The development of linear erosion processes is directly related with the environment natural characteristics or with modifications that have occurred on them by the anthropic action. In this context, the present article has as a general objective to evaluate the dynamic of the linear erosion processes and their relations with the evolution of the land use and with the lito-pedologic characteristics of the Cavalheiro hydrographic basin - Analândia, SP. In order to reach such objective, maps of erosive features and land use of several settings were elaborated, besides cartographic representations of the geological and pedological data of the study area. The obtained data were analyzed starting from the principles that concern to the General Systems Theory. Such analysis evidenced the intrinsic bond of the development of linear erosion processes with the several forms of land use and with the natural attributes of the studied area. Therefore, the methodological procedure adopted in this research has been considered as fundamental tool to understand the linear erosion processes dynamic, making it possible to take data of extreme relevance for the planning of the use and occupation of the land.

Sistema de informações geográficas aplicado à espacialização da capacidade de uso da terra

This research aimed to study land use capability classes in Pratânia, São Paulo State, Brazil, by using the Geographic Information System (GIS), in order to find out the appropriate planning system for soil use. The watershed covers an area of 21,773.61 ha and is located among the coordinates 22°44'48S and 22°52'17S and 48°38'21W and 48°48'07W. The land use capability map was made from the slope and soil maps, based on the features of each kind of soil and the land use capability table for class assessment. It was possible to conclude that IIIs was the most significant subclass. Slope classes from 0% to 20% were present in more than 97% of Pratânia, being the plane areas the most representative ones (55%). GIS showed to be an excellent tool for determining land use capability, because the geoprocessing use facilitates and activates the digital data crossing, allowing its storage for future environmental planning.

Avaliação da dinâmica do uso da terra na bacia do arroio Santa Bárbara - pelotas (Brasil), no período de 1953 a 2006

Land use dynamics is a consequence of socioeconomic system cycles. In this context, this work was developed aiming to evaluate land use alterations in Santa Bárbara watershed (Pelotas - Brazil), during 53 years (1953 - 2006), evidencing socioeconomic elements that contributed to this process. For land use dynamic analysis, maps of 1953, 1965, 1995 e 2006 were elaborated. Spatial changes that happened in Santa Bárbara watershed represent a regional process: pasture areas had decrease while culture lands had a gradual increase. This conjuncture is a consequence of the crisis in livestock destined to salted and dried meat production and of the food industry growth in Pelotas that impelled urban expansion, forest area reduction and artificial water reservoirs increase. © Scripta Nova, 2010.

Monte Carlo and analytical calculation of lateral deflection of proton beams in homogeneous targets

Proton radiation therapy is a precise form of radiation therapy, but the avoidance of damage to critical normal tissues and the prevention of geographical tumor misses require accurate knowledge of the dose delivered to the patient and the verification of his position demand a precise imaging technique. In proton therapy facilities, the X-ray Computed Tomography (xCT) is the preferred technique for the planning treatment of patients. This situation has been changing nowadays with the development of proton accelerators for health care and the increase in the number of treated patients. In fact, protons could be more efficient than xCT for this task. One essential difficulty in pCT image reconstruction systems came from the scattering of the protons inside the target due to the numerous small-angle deflections by nuclear Coulomb fields. The purpose of this study is the comparison of an analytical formulation for the determination of beam lateral deflection, based on Molière's theory and Rutherford scattering with Monte Carlo calculations by SRIM 2008 and MCNPX codes. © 2010 American Institute of Physics.

Avaliação de substratos na emergência de plântulas de araticum-de-terra-fria (Annona emarginata (Schltdl.) H. Rainer)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Cartografia geomorfológica como subsídio para a análise das interferências do uso da terra no desencadeamento dos processos erosivos: Um estudo em área canavieira

This study aimed at analyzing the geomorphologic dynamics and its relationship to human interference and ownership of relief, towards a systemic approach, through the interpretation, in an integrated manner, of cartographic documents made from techniques of geomorphologic cartography and of land use. By stereoscopic pairs of aerial photographs, it was prepared the Geomorphological Map and the Land Use Map, respectively based on Tricart's (1965) and Ceron and Diniz's (1966) technical procedures. The unit of the research analysis refers to the basin of Tijuco Preto Streamlet (SP) which is located at the Geomorphological Province of São Paulo state Peripheral Depression between latitudes 22°42'17 and 22°51'36 S, and longitudes 47°30'30 and 47°37'03. In general, it was possible to notice that this basin has been experiencing linear erosion processes, where it was mapped many erosion furrows, grooving and creeping, besides several slope breaks. These processes are associated with a conjunction of circumstances, and the anthropic one is mostly represented by sugarcane monoculture and by urbanization, which are crucial agents in activating erosion processes and in direct interfering on the dynamics of river and rain flow at the basin of Tijuco Preto Streamlet.

Indicação para o uso da terra na bacia hidrográfica do rio salobra - serra da bodoquena, mato grosso do sul

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Avaliação da capacidade de uso da terra da bacia do córrego do cavalheiro - Analândia, SP

Environmental factors are important in agriculture and need to be considered for getting good degree of development and reasonable efficiency, by reducing their operating costs. To this end, land use shall be appropriated to the conditions offered by the physical elements of the landscape. By facing such questions, this paper aims is to present of mapping the ability of land use of the hydrographic basins Cavalheiro Stream basin (in the city of Analândia - São Paulo State - Brazil) which presents serious erosion problems. Besides it aims to assess if the current land use in this area is consistent with the identified land use ability. For this we have made a cartographic document that spatializes the various classes of usability and its main restrictions. The correlative analysis between that document and land use data showed that Cavalheiro Stream's current use is predominantly inappropriate with the usability of land, which was identified from the physical attributes of the studied area, except for a few sites that are used for forestry and pasture placed in Western, Eastern and Central-South.

Alterações hidrogeomorfológicas devido à dinâmica de uso da terra na Bacia Hidrográfica do Ribeirão Santa Gertrudes (SP)

Agricultural and mining activities are directly related to changes in natural landscapes. From the perspective of anthropogenic geomorphology supported by general systems theory, this research has developed, in order to identify and analyze changes in the land use, mainly from agriculture and the exploitation of clay, and its implications in the hydro-geomorphological characteristics in the Santa Gertrudes Stream watershed (SP). This area is within the context of the Ceramic Pole Santa Gertrudes (SP), which besides its importance as a supplier of raw material, is characterized as the largest center of international reference in ceramic tiles on the American continent. For this purpose, we made land use and geomorphology maps of two scenarios, corresponding to the years 1962 and 2006, which allowed the identification of changes caused by human activities on the landforms of the area, such as the increase in area of parcels intended for mining activity, which went from 3.1% to occupy 19% of the catchment area of the respective period and that, among other changes, gave rise to new forms of relief as, for example, in levels of pit mining abrupt and smooth. The results indicate that the main features of representative of human changes in relief are represented for opening of large clay mining pits and agricultural activities, which intensified the denudation and sedimentation processes in the Santa Gertrudes Stream watershed.

Superfícies geomórficas e atributos do solo em uma toposseqüência de transição várzea-terra firme

Soil attributes reflect influence of the geomorphic surfaces. Therefore, the objective of this work was to investigate the influence of the geomorphic surfaces on soil attributes in a topossequence from low lands to high lands in the Humaitá region, AM. A transect of 4.5 km, from the top of the slope towards the low lands was established and the geomorphic surfaces were identified and limited according to topographic and estratigraphic criteria, based on detailed field investigation. Twenty soil samples were collected in each one of the slope segments within the geomorphic surfaces (G.S.), at the following depths: G.S. I: LAa (0.0-0.16 and 0.48-0.79 m); G.S. II: Lad1 (0.0-0.13 and 0.44-0.70) and Lad2 (0.0-0.10 and 0.30-0.55 m); G.S. III: RYve1 (0.0-0.18 and 0.51-0.89) and RYve2 (0.0-0.23 and 0.58-0.91 m). The sampling depths were determined by the surface and subsurface horizon depths, defined during the soil morphological description. Physical analysis involved particle size distribution, disperse clay, soil and particle density and total porosity. The chemical analysis involved determinations of pH in water and KCl, exchangeable cations, exchangeable Al, total acidity (H+Al), available P, organic carbon. The relief variations contributed to the presence of dystrophic soils in the geomorphic surface I and eutrophic soils in the geomorphic surface III. The multivariate statistical techniques were able to separate three heterogeneous groups, equivalent to the mapped geomorphic surfaces.

Monte Carlo simulation applied in total reflection X-ray fluorescence: Preliminary results

The X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) analysis is a technique for the qualitative and quantitative determination of chemical constituents in a sample. This method is based on detection of the characteristic radiation intensities emitted by the elements of the sample, when properly excited. A variant of this technique is the Total Reflection X-ray Fluorescence (TXRF) that utilizes electromagnetic radiation as excitation source. In total reflection of X-ray, the angle of refraction of the incident beam tends to zero and the refracted beam is tangent to the sample support interface. Thus, there is a minimum angle of incidence at which no refracted beam exists and all incident radiation undergoes total reflection. In this study, we evaluated the influence of the energy variation of the beam of incident x-rays, using the MCNPX code (Monte Carlo NParticle) based on Monte Carlo method. © 2013 AIP Publishing LLC.

Imagens multitemporais ALOS/PALSAR baseada em orientação a objeto na discriminação da cobertura da terra

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Sistema hierárquico de classificação para mapeamento da cobertura da terra nas escalas regional e urbana

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Epístola a Os Fofos: artes cênicas, espiritualidade e ciência na 'Festança' Terra de Santo de Os Fofos Encenam

Pós-graduação em Artes - IA

A pintura de Jesuíno do Monte Carmelo na Igreja da Ordem Terceira do Carmo em São Paulo

Pós-graduação em Artes - IA