Realismo e impressionismo em contos de Guy de Maupassant

Dans ce texte on a étudié, afin de comprendre et d'analyser les contes réalistes de Guy de Maupassant, comment Erich Auerbach, dans Mimesis (2009), parcourt les sentiers de la littérature occidentale pour dresser un tableau des traits communs qui existent entre les grandes oeuvres réalistes de l'Occident. L'auteur a réalisé des recherches et des commentaires sur les caractéristiques les plus récurrentes du réalisme littéraire dans les oeuvres d'écrivains tels que Homero, Shakespeare, Voltaire, Flaubert, parmi d'autres. Notre recherche vise, dans sa première étape, à présenter, à expliquer ou à identifier dans les contes de Guy de Maupassant, écrivain de la fin du XIXe siècle, les tendances réalistes discutées par ce théoricien et par d'autres au fil du temps, comme, par exemple, Roland Barthes, dans Crítica e verdade (2007), Bersani, dans Le réalisme et la peur du désir (1975) et Philippe Hamon, dans Un discours contraint (1973, p. 411-445). À partir de ces chercheurs, on essaie d'expliciter et d'affirmer le caractère réaliste d'un des maîtres du récit court - sûrement un représentant du réalisme parmi les grands écrivains de cet art - car dans Mimesis (2009) Zola est considéré par Auerbach comme le dernier des grands réalistes français. En plus, pour la deuxième partie de ce travail, on a l'intention de traiter l'émergence de l'impressionnisme artistique en France, et de présenter les concepts et les thèmes qui ont influencé ce mouvement et se présentent dans la construction des récits de Maupassant. Pour le faire, O impressionismo (1962) de Balzi, O impressionismo (1965) de Serullaz, Impressionniste et symboliste devant la presse (1959) de Jacques Lethève, Impressionismo (2010) de Lobstein e autres, mentionnés dans la bibliographie de cette recherche, ont ouvert la voie aux analyses... (Completo abstract click electronic access below)

Qualidade microbiológica de peixes e frutos do mar em Botucatu, SP

whole world. The world production of fish is around 100 million tons/year and 70% of them is destined exclusively to the human feeding. The fish and derived have a great importance in the human diet, contributing with ¼ of offer of protein of animal origin. Sseafood and fish are health, because they are rich in proteins, vitamins, micronutrients and insatured fats. However, one of the most important themes, in public health, refers to the safe food. Only in the USA, 76 million case of foodborne diseases occurs every year, with 325 thousand hospitalized and 5 thousand deaths. According to the microbiological parameters, the Brazilian Food Sanitation Standard (Decree No. 12, 2001) defined that fish, roes of fish, crustaceans and mollusks in natura cooled or frozen, no consumed raw should present up to 103 MPN of coagulase positive Staphylococcus in the absence of Salmonella in 25g. Based on this, this work verified the microbiological quality of fish and seafood retailed in supermarkets and fish store in Botucatu city. A hundred samples were analyzed, being 65 frozen (65%) and 35 cooled (35%). The samples included various kinds of fish and seafood. Among the frozen samples, 31 were fish and 34 seafood. About the cooled ones, 28 were fish and 7 seafood. The methods used for analysis are in agreement with APHA (2001). The samples were acquired in 4 establishments (3 supermarkets and a fish store). Ina total of 100 samples, all were negative to coagulase positive Staphylococcus and 2 were positive for Salmonella (2%). According to the results, we conclude that the presence of Salmonella is a risk factor for the consumers' health and these foods should not be consumed raw. In spite of the freezing to be a good conservation way, this process doesn't totally eliminate the pathogens of the food

Inorganic elemental analysis and identification of residual monomers released from different glass ionomer cements in cell culture medium

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Lisina e metionina+cistina digestíveis sobre o desempenho, rendimento, qualidade e morfometria do músculo peitoral (Pectoralis major) de frangos de corte

Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FCAV

Processing yield and chemical composition of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) with regard to body weight

The influence of weight (W) category of the rainbow trout on processing yield and chemical composition of the entire eviscerated fish and fish fillet was analyzed. A completely randomized design was employed for processing variables (W1 = 300 to 370 g and W2 = 371 to 440) coupled to a 2 x 2 factorial scheme for the chemical composition (W1 and W2 and forms of presentation: fillet and whole eviscerated fish). W1 showed higher yield for entire eviscerated fish (83.00%) and head (13.27%), but a lower yield for the viscera (17.00%), when compared to W2. We did not affect abdominal muscle yield, fillet with or without skin, skin percentage and residues. There were significant differences between W for moisture (W1 = 72.30% and W2 = 71.15%) and lipids (CP1 = 7.96% and CP2 = 9.04%) rates. Fillet moisture contents (73.74%) and crude protein (19.05%) were higher (p < 0.01) than for entire eviscerated fish (69.71% and 17.81%, respectively). Ash (2.15%) and lipid (10.48%) rates were higher (p < 0.01) for entire fish when compared to those of fillets (1.16% and 6.52%, respectively). The slaughter of fish weighing between 300 and 370 g and their fillets are more adequate for the market.

Folhetins teatrais e transferências culturais franco-brasileiras no século XIX: questões de uma edição da Semana Lírica de Martins Pena

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Bonding ability of paste-paste glass ionomer systems to tooth structure: in vitro studies

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Caries formation around restorative composite and glass ionomer cement

This in vitro study evaluated the demineralization around restorations class V made on the buccal and lingual surfaces of teeth when using different restorative materials. Thirty extracted teeth were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=10) according to the restorative material: Group I - Fuji II LC (GC America Inc., Alsip, Illinois, USA), Group II - Tetric (Ivoclar Vivadent AG, Schaan, Liechtenstein) and Group III - Chelon Fil (3M/ESPE., Seefeld, Germany). The teeth were submitted to a pH-cycling model associated to a thermocycling model. Sections were made and the specimens were analyzed under a polarized light microscopy as for the presence of demineralization. Measurements were performed and the results were subjected to statistical analysis using Anova and Tukey´s Test (α=0.05). Mean values of demineralization depth (µm) according to each positions showed that the demineralization was significantly reduced when Chelon Fil (Group III) was used for all depths, when compared to fluoridated resin materials. Also, it was verified that non-fluoridated resin material, composite resin Tetric, had the lowest inhibitory effect on the development of demineralization.

Desempenho de bovinos cruzados terminados em confinamento e qualidade dos músculos longissimus e semitendinosus in natura e maturados

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Qualidade microbiológica e perfil de sensibilidade antimicrobiana dos isolados de tilápias (Oreochromis spp.) de pesque-pague da microrregião do Estado de São Paulo

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Análise da efetividade de polimerização, adaptação marginal e interna de restaurações Classe II de resinas compostas de inserção em bloco utilizando diferentes matrizes

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)