The influence of residual stress and crystallite size on the magnetic properties of electrodepo sited nanocrystalline Pd-Co alloys

Nanocrystalline Pd-Co alloys were obtained by electrodeposition from an ammoniacal chloride bath. The influence of the crystallite size and the residual stress on the magnetic properties of the alloys was investigated. The residual stress increased as the applied current density was increased. It was associated to the high nucleation rate during electrodeposition and correlated to the lattice strain, estimated from the XRD patterns. Also from the XRD patterns the average crystallite size and the lattice constant were determined by Scherrer's and Rietveld's methods, respectively. Both parameters were directly influenced by the applied current density. Magnetic properties such as coercivity, remanence, saturation magnetization and squareness showed strong dependence on the residual stress and crystallite size. Coercivity higher than 1 kOe was achieved when a high current density was applied. High coercivity was attributed to the presence of residual stress and to the small crystallite size of deposits. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Evaluating the residual stress in PbTiO3 thin films prepared by a polymeric chemical method

We report a study of residual stress in PbTiO3 (PT) thin films prepared on Si substrates by a polymeric chemical method. The E(1TO) frequency was used to evaluate the residual stress through an empirical equation available for bulk PT. We find that the residual stress in PT films increases as the film thickness decreases and conclude that it originates essentially from the contributions of extrinsic and intrinsic factors. Polarized Raman experiments showed that the PT films prepared by a polymeric chemical method are somewhat a-domain (polar axis c parallel to the substrate) oriented.

Prediction via neural networks of the residual hydrogen peroxide used in photo-fenton processes for effluent treatment

This communication proposes the use of neural networks in the prediction of residual concentrations of hydrogen peroxide from the treatment of effluents through Advanced Oxidative Processes (AOP's), in particular, the photo-Fenton process. To verify the efficiency of the oxidative process, the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) parameter, the values of which may be modified by the presence of oxidizing agents such as residual hydrogen peroxide, is frequently taken in account. The analysis of the H2O2 interference was performed by spectrophotometry at 450 nm wavelength, via the monitoring of the reaction of ammonia with metavanadate. The results of the hydrogen peroxide residual concentration were modeled via a feedforward neural network, with the correlation coefficients between actual and predicted values above 0.96, indicating good prediction capacity.

Residual signal auto-correlation to evaluate speech in Parkinson's disease patients

Objective: To evaluate the maximum residual signal auto-correlation also known as pitch amplitude (PA) values in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. Method. The signals of 21 Parkinson's patients were compared with 15 healthy individuals, divided according age and gender. Results: Statistical difference was seen between groups for PA, 0.39 for controls and 0.25 for PD. Normal value threshold was set as 0.3; (p <= 0.001). In the Parkinson's group 80.77%, and in the control group only 12.28%, had a PA < 0.3 demonstrating an association between these variables. The dispersion diagram for age and PA for PD individuals showed p=0.01 and r=0.54. There was no significant difference in relation to gender and PA between groups: Conclusion: the significant differences in pitch's amplitude between PD patients and healthy individuals demonstrate the methods specificity.-The results showed the need of prospective controlled studies,to improve the use and indications of residual signal auto-correlation to evaluate speech in PD patients.

Aging reduces complexity of heart rate variability assessed by conditional entropy and symbolic analysis

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Evaluation of residual iron in carbon nanotubes purified by acid treatments

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Meta-análise de parâmetros genéticos relacionados ao consumo alimentar residual e a suas características componentes em bovinos

The objective of this work was to estimate, by meta-analysis, the heritability (h(2)) and the genetic (r(g)) and phenotypic (r(f)) correlations of residual feed intake (RFI), and of its component traits in beef cattle from 19 breeds or genetic groups. Twenty-two scientific papers published from 1963 to 2011, from eight countries, totaling 52,637 cattle of ages from 28 days up to slaughter, were evaluated. The estimates of RFI, dry matter intake (DMI), average daily gain (ADG) and metabolic weight (BW0.75) were weighted by the inverse of sample variance. The variation between studies of h(2) for each trait was analyzed by weighted least squares. The effects of sex, country and breed were significant for h(2) of RFI, explaining 67% of variation between studies. For DMI, country and breed effects were significant and explained 96% of variation. Pooled estimates of h(2) were: 0.255+/-0.008, 0.278+/-0.012, 0.321+/-0.015, and 0.397+/-0.032 for RFI, DMI, ADG and BW0.75, respectively. Pooled estimates of genetic and phenotypic correlations were low between RFI and ADG and between RFI and BW0.75 (from -0.021+/-0.034 to 0.025+/-0.035), and moderate between RFI and DMI (0.636+/-0.035 and 0.698+/-0.041) and between DMI, ADG and BW0.75 (0.441+/-0.062 to 0.688+/-0.032). The trait RFI has lower heritability estimates than its components.

Squamous cell carcinoma in a residual mandibular cyst

Described is a case of squamous-cell carcinoma arising in a residual cyst in a 60-year-old edentulous woman. The clinical and radiographic diagnosis was residual cyst, and the treatment employed was conservative surgical enucleation. The cause of these changes is unknown. Theoretically, the inflammatory reaction may have been a predisposing factor.

Effects of cumulative doses of vinasse on soil microorganisms in cerrado

Counts of colony forming units of actinomycetes, bacteria and filamentous fungi were determined in cerrado soil treated with vinasse (processed sugar cane effluent) for 5 yr, using doses of 20 l m-2a-1 and 50 l m-2a-1. A temporary increase in the counts of actinomycetes and bacteria for some months after the addition of vinasse was observed. An increased number of fungi was detected throughout the experiment together with qualitative changes in the population. The most abundant fungi in cerrado soil not treated with vinasse (control soil) were Chaetomium, yeasts, Mucor, Penicillium and Trichoderma, while in vinasse treated soils, the same genera adding Verticillium, with the exception of yeasts, were the most common fungi. -Author

Entropy, information and doubly stochastic transformations

I analyze two inequalities on entropy and information, one due to von Neumann and a recent one to Schiffer, and show that the relevant quantities in these inequalities are related by special doubly stochastic matrices (DSM). I then use generalization of the first inequality to prove algebraically a generalization of Schiffer's inequality to arbitrary DSM. I also give a second interpretation to the latter inequality, determine its domain of applicability, and illustrate it by using Zeeman splitting. This example shows that symmetric (degenerate) systems have less entropy than the corresponding split systems, if compared at the same average energy. This seemingly counter-intuitive result is explained thermodynamically. © 1991.