Ecologia de estradas em regiões neotropicais: revisão

The human development requires that urban and industrial centers to be interconnected, with different modes of transport, among which the land transport is the most important. The roads may cross sections of remnant forests, which contain considerable diversity of species. Besides habitat fragmentation, the roads can also hinder connectivity between different patches. This kind of impact is not very well known. We reviewed the literature on Road Ecology in the Neotropics, and its relation to conservation of the biodiversity. We considered 32 papers on this issue. We compiled what is known and what the direction to take, as well as failures to be avoid in the samples, for future studies involving Road Ecology. Despite the growing trend of this subject, flaws in the methods for this type of studies show that there is no standardization of sampling effort or of experimental design for these studies. We also found that there is a lack of study of some taxonomic classes. The simple animal roadkills records do not make clear the impacts of the roads. The necessity of different designs for specific taxonomic classes must be considered, in order to produce better quality data and reliable results. Animals can avoid roads, getting isolated and limited to smaller areas of life. The dispersal and colonization of exotic flora species are facilitated by roads. Nevertheless, it is not known how or at which scale, these invasions impact the local communities. Finally, we proposed a flowchart as a conceptual model illustrating the potential impacts of roads on biodiversity and ecology interactions

Agricultura familiar em Rio Claro - SP: em busca de alternativas para permanência no campo

As we focusing in the Brazilian rural area we see that it presents the spatial diversity and the different organization forms of the space arising from its diversity, tied to the different economic, social, politic and cultural contexts .These contextual diversities bring results that is not limited to the agrarian sector, but get beyond the border of the rural world, taking different ways of organization and structuring in the urban areas. The building and management of the rural spaces are constituted as an attribute of the agricultural production that in the course of the centuries made disappear and reduce significant proportions from the natural areas. In many places, the intensification of the production process gives satisfaction to the globalized markets and that return allows the reproduction of the productive conditions. In other areas the access difficulties to the market and the proximity to the developed urban centers cause the abandonment of the agricultural activity and the maintenance of property without production or with specific services (tourism, for example). That process triggers a multiplicity of factors that are defining the pace of the rural areas in Brazil. This work sought to understand all the deals of the ‘’rural’’ county of Rio Claro-SP and what’s the role and the situation that we find the familiar agriculture in the advanced urban areas, which is the case of this study. Where the agriculture doesn’t represent the flagship of the economy. It was the intention, identify what activities and practices socio-spatial are developed in the county rural area. Trying to understand the public politics acts in the promotion and encouragement to the already developed activities or even other activities that can represent the possibility of a social and territorial reproduction of the families on the country

Levantamento da mastofauna e identificação das influências antrópicas em dois fragmentos de Mata Atlântica transição com Cerrado de Rubião Junior – Botucatu - SP

Atlantic Forest and Cerrado are between the biological richest areas in the world, for that are considered top conservation priorities. Those ecosystems are found at Botucatu region, where it´s extremely fragmented by routes, agricultural areas and urban centres. This fragmentation causes restrictions on animals populations, in particular to medium and large mammals, that needs larger areas to live and also are often hunted. Even isolated and suffering anthropic influences the fragments are fundamental for local biodiversity conservation. We realized a mammal survey on two forest fragments of Atlantic forest transition to Cerrado of Rubião Júnior – Botucatu – SP – Brazil: Santo Antônio Church and Parque das Cascatas forests. The Santo Antônio church munt is considered a turistic point and its forest receive many visitants, Parque das Cascatas forest is inside of a residential condominium. Both areas are classify as semidecidual stational forest and are disconected by Domingos Sartori route, that connect Botucatu centre to Rubião Júnior district. Around both fragments can be found residences, plantations and pastures. The utilized method included: recognition of tracks on the forests, interviews with next residents and sand plots mounting. The interviews indicated 29 mammals species, and 19 was validated for animal traces, overruns or visualization. Other 3 species found were not mentioned on interviews. Totally, was found 22 small and medium mammals presence evidences on both forest fragments. Parque das Cascatas forest showed more diversity (19) then Santo Antônio Church forest (11), and species like Eira barbara, Procyon cancrivorus, Mazama americana, Shiggurus villosus, Dasypus novemcinctus, Didelphis albiventris, Lutreolina crassicaudata and Lepus europaeus looked for other areas once that was verifyed overruns of individuals... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Análise de patologias de estradas vicinais para proposta de intervenção mínima visando a sua perenização

The unpaved back roads, despite their simplicity, are of paramount importance to the municipalities that their economy basis are in agri-livestock and a large portion of their population lives in rural areas, as it is from these pathways that flow of production is performed and ensuring access of the rural population to urban centers is allowed. Aiming the importance of these rural roads, this work studies the case of pathologies found in local roads of São Luiz do Paraitinga, located in the Vale do Paraíba upstate São Paulo, due to lack of a periodic maintenance program the roads not withstood the heavy rains late in the year 2009 and early 2010, generating major impacts on society and the economy of the city. From surveys conducted in the field, it was analyzed the various pathologies found (pathology drainage, slope and platform) checking also the nature of their occurrence, therefore propose solutions for intervention in rural roads, to decrease the susceptibility of these roads during the rainy season

As técnicas de agricultura tradicional em combinação com propostas e práticas de sistemas agroflorestais: consensos possíveis ao desenvolvimento sustentável da Reserva de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Quilombos de Barra do Turvo, Vale do Ribeira (SP)

O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar questões sociais e econômicas do cotidiano de quatro comunidades quilombola (Cedro, Pedra Preta, Ribeirão Grande e Terra Seca) residentes da Reserva de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Quilombos de Barra do Turvo (Vale do Ribeira/SP), e levantar o debate acerca da questão da luta pelo reconhecimento da posse da terra frente à saída dos mais jovens da comunidade para as grandes cidades. Através dos dados coletados por meio de levantamento bibliográfico a respeito do tema e entrevistas semiestruturadas com representantes das famílias das quatro comunidades, foi possível discorrer a respeito da problemática da saída dos jovens, que afeta diretamente o futuro dessas comunidades tradicionais, bem como a sugestão de alternativas que visando geração de renda para essas famílias e a inserção e o futuro estabelecimento desses jovens no cotidiano das comunidades. Os resultados deste trabalho mostram que esses quilombolas, bem como seus antepassados, formam comunidades essencialmente rurais e agrícolas, com dinâmica fortemente ligada ao meio natural circundante. Quanto às suas práticas agrícolas, as famílias se dividem em dois grupos: os praticantes da agricultura tradicional, também chamada de “coivara”, e a agroecologia, com Sistemas Agroflorestais bem estabelecidos, onde os agricultores são organizados através de uma cooperativa agroflorestal. Essa divisão agrícola, como mostrado na pesquisa, tem reflexo direto na organização social e econômica das comunidades, bem como no processo de preservação do patrimônio cultural desses grupos. A pesquisa apontou ainda para um grande êxodo dos indivíduos mais jovens das quatro comunidades rumo aos grandes centros urbanos, pela falta de interesse destes na cultural local, ou pela busca por empregos regulares, levantando o questionamento sobre a preservação da cultura e do território quilombola de Barra do Turvo

Tubo digestório de Urostreptus atrobunneus (Diplopoda): estrutura e função

Millipedes are macro-arthropods of soil which perform a important role in maintaining the balance of the ecosystem, since they feed on decaying organic matter and because they promotes the soil enrichment, aeration and humidification. These animals are usually found in humid with low light places, under rocks and trunks. The diplopods exoskeleton is much resistant and impregnated with calcium salts. Due the secretion of defense, with strong and unpleasant smell, the animals of this class have few or no predators. Large diplopods populations are not observed, but explosions population can occur for unbalances enviromnmental, by climate change and by use of pesticides that may eliminate potential competitors. In this sense, the millipede Urostreptus atrobrunneus Pierozzi & Fontanetti, 2006, has presented points of infestation in urban centers of Sao Paulo state, causing many disorders of the human population. Because it is a newly described species, little is known of its aspects biological and morphological. Thus, the purpose of this study was to describe the structure and function of the digestive tract of the species U. atrobrunneus by means of histological, histochemistry and ultrastructural techniques. The results demonstrated that the digestive tract of U. atrobrunneus is similar to the descriptions given for other species. The foregut consists of a simple epithelium, composed of cells of different heights, covered by a cuticular intima, leaning on a thin basal membrane, followed by a well-developed muscular layer and an external membrane, around the foregut have a pair of salivary glands. The midgut epithelium has a pseudostratified, supported by a thick basal membrane, followed by a muscular layer and a layer of hepatic cells. The muscle is distributed unevenly coated with an external membrane, this portion is marked by the absence of cuticular intima... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Estimativa da erosão na microbacia do Córrego do Gambá no município de Monte Alto, SP

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Ciência do Solo) - FCAV

Dieta de Turdus leucomelas (Aves: Turdidae) em uma área urbanizada, com ênfase no consumo de frutos

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Situação Espacial de Franquias na América do Sul: morfologia e centralidade urbanas em cidades médias da Argentina, Brasil e Chile

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

A tradução da obra Inferno, de Patrícia Melo, à luz da Linguística de Corpus

Neste artigo, apresentaremos um estudo da tradução da obra Inferno da autora Patrícia Melo, com o título Inferno, por Clifford Landers. Buscamos refletir sobre como são projetados no exterior uma visão da realidade violenta de grandes centros urbanos brasileiros e sobre o quanto o tradutor conseguiu resgatar da nossa sociedade no texto traduzido. Partimos do pressuposto de que o tradutor, consciente ou inconscientemente, usa recursos durante o processo de mediação entre o texto de partida e o texto de chegada, que tornam a leitura da obra traduzida mais fácil. Baker (1996) propõe a investigação de tipos de comportamento linguístico característicos de textos traduzidos. O objetivo desse trabalho é identificar aspectos de normalização presentes na tradução. Para a investigação, recorremos aos Estudos da Tradução Baseados em Corpus (Baker, 1993, 1996; Camargo, 2005, 2007), à Linguística de Corpus (Berber Sardinha, 2004) e aos estudos sobre normalização de Scott (1998). Pode-se observar a ocorrência de mudança de registro de linguagem, omissões, adições, diferenças no comprimento das sentenças e relacionadas a imprecisões de expressões. Espera-se que o presente trabalho possa contribuir para uma maior conscientização das tendências apresentadas pelos tradutores, e para apresentar as possibilidades oferecidas pela intersecção dos Estudos da Tradução Baseados em Corpus e da Linguística de Corpus.

Diversidade das assembléias de Cladóceros (Crustacea, Branchiopoda) de áreas adjacentes a trechos lóticos e reservatórios da Bacia do Rio Prata (Argentina, Brasil, Paraguai e Uruguai

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Entre livres e oficiais: a expansão do ensino normal em São Paulo (1927-1933)

Pós-graduação em Educação - FFC

Dinâmica não linear e projeto de controle em sistemas de transporte vertical: comportamentos periódicos e caóticos

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Otimização da operação de sistemas de distribuição radiais usando um algoritmo genético especializado

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Elétrica - FEIS

As influências da paisagem urbana em grupos funcionais e riqueza de aves

Pós-graduação em Biologia Animal - IBILCE