Potyvirus: caracterização parcial de espécies em plantas daninhas associadas a cultura do pimentão, avaliação de genótipos de alface e análise subcelular do eIF4E e de proteínas do Lettuce mosaic virus

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Proteção de Plantas) - FCA

Caracterização de isolados e reação de Capsicum spp. ao Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Interações do Lettuce mosaic vírus (LMV) x afídeos vetores nas regiões produtoras de alface (Lactuca sativa L.) do cinturão verde de São Paulo

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Caracterização e ocorrência de bidens mosaic virus (bimv) em regiões produtoras de alface no Estado de São Paulo

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Proteção de Plantas) - FCA

Dinâmica das comunidades de aves no mosaico de hábitats do Pantanal do Rio Negro, MS

Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Zoologia) - IBB

Comunidades de aves em um mosaico de Eucalyptus em Rio Claro, São Paulo

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Hydromorphic Soil, Topographic Depression and Vegetation Development History by Using 13c and 14c In Rondônia State (sw Brazilian Amazon)

13C e 14C obtidos da matéria orgânica do solo foram usados para diferenciar fases de flutuação da vegetação em transição floresta-savana. A região apresenta baixos platôs com depressões topográficas imperfeitamente drenadas na superfície. Na topossequência estudada foram analisados solos de cinco perfis localizados sob floresta (F), transição floresta-savana (S1), borda da depressão sob savana (S2) e centro da depressão sob savana (S3). Os valores de 13C e idades evidenciam que a ~ 200cm de profundidade, com idades entre ~ 12.000 e 10.000 A.P., valores de -27‰ a -27,7‰ indicam vegetação de floresta (C3) em todos os perfis. Na profundidade de 100 cm, com idades entre ~ 6.000 e 5.000 A.P., houve enriquecimento de – 20,2‰ a -22,3‰, indicando regressão da floresta e expansão da savana. Valores entre -15,9 e -18,7‰ a 50-60 cm, estimado entre ~ 4.700 a 3.800 A.P., sugere máxima expansão da vegetação C4 em resposta às condições climáticas mais secas, exceto no perfil S3 com valores mais empobrecidos (-20,9‰), sugerindo que na depressão, o desenvolvimento da hidromorfia possibilitou a presença de espécies de gramíneas C3 e C4 da savana em resposta as mudanças das condições ambientais.

Composição florística de angiospermas no carste do Alto São Francisco, Minas Gerais, Brasil

The occurence of carbonatic rocks defines a typical type of relief, called karst, that, by its geomorphology and hydrology, usually differs from the surrounding landscape. In the upper São Francisco river basin, some striking remnants of vegetation associated to karst can be found, which are locally knwon as Mata de Pains. In this region, a mosaic of different physiognomies, including forests and open areas, which present noteworthy plant diversity, composes the vegetation. The aim of this study is to provide an inventory of angiosperm species in areas of carbonatic rocks outcrops in the upper São Francisco river basin karst region, as well as analyze the floristic relationship of the study area with different Brazilian phytogeographic domains. Fieldwork was performed during the period of 2002 a 2006, when collections of fertile speciemns were done in areas associated to carbonatic rock outcrops. During the study, 1512 exsicates were incorporated to BHCB herbarium collection. A total of 456 angiosperm species were inventoried, distributed in 299 genera and 77 families. Herbaceous habit was better represented, with 161 species, followed by shrubs and trees (111 species each) and lianas (73 species). The flora of the study area presents more influence of the Mata Atlântica domain (Atlantic Rain Forest), followed by, in order of importance, Cerrado, Amazonia, Caatinga, Pantanal and Pampa. Floristic surveys in different karst regions inserted in different phytogeographic domains may, together, provide useful information in understanding the phytogeografic history of Neotropical vegetation.

Solanum americanum: reservoir for Potato virus Y and Cucumber mosaic virus in sweet pepper crops

Weeds can act as important reservoirs for viruses. Solanum americanum (Black nightshade) is a common weed in Brazil and samples showing mosaic were collected from sweet pepper crops to verify the presence of viruses. One sample showed mixed infection between Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) and Potato virus Y (PVY) and one sample showed simple infection by PVY. Both virus species were transmitted by plant extract and caused mosaic in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum cv. Santa Clara), sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum cv. Magda), Nicotiana benthamiana and N. tabaccum TNN, and local lesions on Chenopodium quinoa, C. murale and C. amaranticolor. The coat protein sequences for CMV and PVY found in S. americanum are phylogenetically more related to isolates from tomato. We conclude that S. americanum can act as a reservoir for different viruses during and between sweet pepper crop seasons.

Resistência de genótipos de cana-de-açúcar ao Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV)

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Genética e Melhoramento de Plantas) - FCAV

Variabilidade fenótipica e interação com polinizadores ao longo de um gradiente latitudinal em Zeyheria montana Mart. (Bignoniaceae)

Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Botânica) - IBB

Decay of interspecific avian flock networks along a disturbance gradient in Amazonia

Our understanding of how anthropogenic habitat change shapes species interactions is in its infancy. This is in large part because analytical approaches such as network theory have only recently been applied to characterize complex community dynamics. Network models are a powerful tool for quantifying how ecological interactions are affected by habitat modification because they provide metrics that quantify community structure and function. Here, we examine how large-scale habitat alteration has affected ecological interactions among mixed-species flocking birds in Amazonian rainforest. These flocks provide a model system for investigating how habitat heterogeneity influences non-trophic interactions and the subsequent social structure of forest-dependent mixed-species bird flocks. We analyse 21 flock interaction networks throughout a mosaic of primary forest, fragments of varying sizes and secondary forest (SF) at the Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project in central Amazonian Brazil. Habitat type had a strong effect on network structure at the levels of both species and flock. Frequency of associations among species, as summarized by weighted degree, declined with increasing levels of forest fragmentation and SF. At the flock level, clustering coefficients and overall attendance positively correlated with mean vegetation height, indicating a strong effect of habitat structure on flock cohesion and stability. Prior research has shown that trophic interactions are often resilient to large-scale changes in habitat structure because species are ecologically redundant. By contrast, our results suggest that behavioural interactions and the structure of non-trophic networks are highly sensitive to environmental change. Thus, a more nuanced, system-by-system approach may be needed when thinking about the resiliency of ecological networks.

The role of native vegetation on infection rates of Calacarus heveae (Acari: Eriophyidae) by Hirsutella thompsonii (Ascomycota: Ophiocordycipitaceae)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Comportamento de genótipos de alface com o alelo mo10 ao Lettuce mosaic virus e Lettuce mottle virus

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Proteção de Plantas) - FCA