Desenvolvimento de tecnologia educacional para o uso racional de energia

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Modelagem e simulação de sistemas de geração de energia para o setor de petróleo e gás

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Adoção da energia solar fotovoltaica em hospitais: revisando a literatura e algumas experiências internacionais

The sun has an extremely important role in the existence of human beings, and Brazil has a privileged geographical position to explore sunlight. The union of these two factors favors the use of solar cells for converting solar energy into electricity by photovoltaic technology: it is a great alternative energy source, especially for being a clean one, causing less damage to the environment. This paper addresses the photovoltaic technology with a focus on hospitals, through case studies found in international literature, because hospitals, even running all important services to society, have a potential for pollution capable of causing damage to human health and the environment that is around them. It is estimated that the Brazilian oil reserves are sufficient for twenty-two years. This makes the search for alternative sources for power generation a necessity.

Comportamento dinâmico não-linear em fenômenos de colheita de energia usando dispositivos baseados em materiais piezoelétricos em estruturas aporticadas

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Cogeração de energia com motores de combustão interna

The tertiary sector is largely responsible for the growth of electricity consumption in Brazil. The large commercial and public buildings, hypermarkets and shopping centers stand out as major consumers of electricity for lighting, power and thermal energy. Brazil presents significant potential for the deployment of small cogeneration plants, especially in the tertiary sector. Allied to this, the possibility of natural gas supply and the growing demands in favor of maintaining and preserving the environment favor the implementation of cogeneration plants. In this context, this paper presents a technical and economic analysis of installing a cogeneration plant using internal combustion engine with natural gas in a mall

Tecnologia e meio ambiente: a valorização energática de resíduos sólidos no Brasil

O tema foi escolhido em função da sua relevância global, atualidade e importância para a população brasileira. A valorização de resíduos sólidos tem sido um tema central das políticas ambientais desde a década de 1970. Desde então, os resíduos são vistos não só como parte da problemática ambiental, mas também como um recurso produtivo e uma fonte de energia. A pesquisa proposta neste estudo tem o objetivo de analisar os benefícios da valorização energética de resíduos sólidos urbanos para a sociedade, e analisar as possíveis dificuldades que se colocam diante desta alternativa energética

Técnicas de energia elétrica sustentável aplicadas em edificações

One of the majors concerns in society today is to decrease the environmental impact caused by human activities and natural resource exploration. From this need to be more careful with the environment arose, in the field of civil construction, the term sustainable building. Projects that use natural resources rationally, without ceasing to bring comfort and functionality for customers, are becoming more a reality. This paper presents the share of electric energy in a sustainable building, with the analysis of the available renewable energies used in a project, presentation of new constructive techniques and technologies that are constantly emerging to achieve greater energy efficiency, with an appropriate use of energy received, also a decrease of the energy consumed by some devices present in a residence or business

Principais práticas e indicadores de sustentabilidade corporativa no setor de energia elétrica no Brasil

The questions involving environment and society have been increasingly considered into account when companies make business decisions. However many of them have not yet incorporated sustainability effectively in their business plan, sometimes performing only a few external actions and outside their area of expertise. The concept of corporate sustainability is within this context, and therefore the practice of companies consider, the environmental and social issues into their strategies, along with economic issues. This work has as main objective to identify what are the key indicators and related practices of the concept of corporate sustainability that has been introduced in companies on environmental reference of a certain sector of the Brazilian economy. The sector that was chosen is electric power, having enormous significance both in economy, society and environment. The results indicate that the main practice are in the areas of energy efficiency, security and good relationship with its key business stakeholders

Colheita de energia usando dispositivos baseados em materiais piezoelétrico

Recently, research on energy harvesting has increased substantially. Many researchers have concentrated their efforts to find the best configuration for these systems and to optimize their output power. In the process of energy harvesting, the electric energy is obtained by converting mechanics energy created by an environment vibration source by a transducer, for example, a thin piezoceramic film. That vibration source is, for example, a beam suffering some mechanic force able to generate a vibration in it, an oscillating beam is the best properly used example. Different mechanisms of electromechanical coupling have been developed to harvesting devices, and a particular interest has been given to the use of models that transform the mechanical vibration into electrical current using a piezoelectric element. In this paper we propose a model to energy harvesting from vibrations, from an oscillating beam, including non-linearities in the piezoelectric coupling and a non-ideal excitation in the material. From this model, it was developed a system to obtain some results about the harvested power by the material. It was demonstrated that the power captured was influenced by the effect of the nonlinearities of the piezoelectric coupling, modifying the system dynamic behavior

Análise dos parâmetros técnicos e econômicos do aquecedor solar a vácuo, visando economia de energia

This work is about a development of a vacuum solar water heater. To accomplish this, some measurements were made, such as flow, water temperature and room temperature, relative humidity, solar power density and wind speed. It first presents a brief explanation about the global situation in relation to the accelerated use of exhaustible energy sources which can result in a breakdown of these for future generations. From this, is proposed to analyze this solar water heater with vacuum tubes during the winter season in Brazil southeastern region, under different environmental conditions. From such ideas became possible to prove through the experimental part, calculations and graphical results that technology and the performance of this device are technical and economically viable, according to the life cycle of this. It was also found that the average monthly production in a maximum heat stroke situation was 193,33kWh and minimum isolation was 57,76kWh. This reveals that this instrument should start to be examined more closely by all, as a way to reduce the use of electricity, which will protect the environment without reducing the comfort of people

Projeto de controladores para a maximização de sistemas de captação de energia considerando excitação não ideal

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEIS

Simulação em tempo real de sistemas de distribuição de energia elétrica utilizando-se estruturas com descrição de hardware em software

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Elétrica - FEIS

A modernização da agricultura no Brasil e a produção do biocombustível como energia alternativa: uma reflexão crítica

This article discusses the policy implications of agricultural modernization implemented by the military - after 1964. This policy, which became known as the Green Revolution, on the one hand contributed to the development of big business, but another caused serious social and environmental impacts. Currently, not only in Brazil but all over the world, have been in a great debate about the need to find alternatives to contain the problems caused to the environment resulting from the use of high technology in the field. One alternative proposed by several researchers is to replace fossil fuels by biofuels. As we believe that the error is in the current model of agricultural production based on mass production, which serves the major markets, the attention in this article, the need to develop an agricultural model designed for small property, with the use of family work and agroecology.

Possibilidades e limitações da prática do professor na experiência com a temática energia e desenvolvimento humano no ensino de ciências

Reflections on the Movement STSE, in basic education, have pointed to the introduction of discussions involving the socio-scientific issues, as a way of organization and development of forming processes in science classes. In this sense, the research that we developed sought to bring to physics classes of basic education, the discussions surrounding the relationship between science, technology, society and environment issues related to production and access to electricity and human development. In order to interpret formative aspects of this approach was achieved through a short course. Thus, we discuss in this paper, the discourse of students and a professor of physics who participated in this short course. Therefore, we seek in discourse analysis, reflection on this practice, which has limitations such as lack of recognition of this type of training status by the students as well as possibilities represented by the establishment of training spaces that contribute to the discussion of socio-scientific issues.

Avaliação fitoquímica e microbiológica da espécia Artemisia annua L. submetida a tratamentos de armazenamento e condições de ambiente

The species Artemisia annua L. (Asteraceae) is native to China and has artemisinin as its main active component, substance that is considered a potent antimalarial drug. With the increased interest in natural active principles, studies related to post-harvest and storage of vegetable material become important for better conservation of its phytotherapic properties. Therefore, the present study had as objectivedefine the best storage conditions to preserve and keep the quality of phytotherapic drugs. Leaves of A. annua dried were stored for six months in polyethylene bags wrapped in Kraft paper and packed in four treatments: at ambient condition, refrigerated at 4 ± 2 oC, using normal packing, and using vacuum packing. Samples were taken for microbiological, moisture content, and level of artemisinin analyses before the experiment begun and at 30, 90, 120 and 180 days. The results of microbiological tests showed no significant contamination, as well as the moisture content of the stored (biological) material, which remain between 5% and 10%, keeping within acceptable parameters. The ambient without vacuum treatment (SVA) was the treatment that better maintained the sample stability during 180 days, however, the refrigerated without vacuum (SVR) showed greater efficiency to conserve the content of artemisinin.