72 resultados para Proprietários florestais
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Energia na Agricultura) - FCA
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The location of Jundiai-Mirim river basin, close to large urban centers and industrial parks, has contributed to the appreciation of their lands. Consequently, the region has an intense process of urbanization that resulted in an increasing environmental disturbance in the forest areas. Given the need to preserve existing natural vegetation, because the watershed is the source of water used to supply Jundiai, SP, this study evaluated changes in the environmental quality of the watershed forest fragments between 1972 and 2013. The environment quality was determined by evaluating nine indicators of environmental disturbance, obtained by techniques of Geoprocessing and integrated by Multicriteria Analysis. The results showed a constant tendency of deteriorating the environmental quality of natural vegetation between 1972 and 2013, attributed to the intense process of occupation of the watershed. It is concluded that: (a) urbanization and deforestation of natural vegetation were primarily responsible for changes in environmental quality; (b) there is a need to create public policies to preserve the natural vegetation in the watershed.
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Este estudo foi conduzido no Município de Jaboticabal, SP, com o objetivo de avaliar a evolução temporal e o número de fragmentos florestais no período de 29 anos, utilizando-se técnicas de sensoriamento remoto e fotointerpretação. Para a elaboração dos mapas foram utilizadas Cartas do IBGE de 1971 e fotografias áreas de 2000. Os resultados apontaram diminuição das áreas de floresta. em 1971, o município apresentava 3,63% da área total com fragmentos florestais, e em 2000 observou-se, apenas, 1,55% dessa área. Tal fato ocorreu tendo em vista o avanço de práticas agrícolas com predominância da cultura de cana-de-açúcar. A porcentagem de fragmentos florestais em 1971, com áreas menores que 10 ha, era de 46,72%, já em 2000 esse número passou para 78,51%, concluindo-se um processo de fragmentação acentuado (31,79%) no período analisado. Os fragmentos florestais com maior extensão em 1971 se apresentaram extremamente fragmentados em 2000. Aproximadamente 60% dos fragmentos, nas duas épocas, apresentavam forma alongada, indicando alta relação perímetro/área.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Energia na Agricultura) - FCA
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Pós-graduação em Ciência Florestal - FCA
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Pós-graduação em Ciência Florestal - FCA
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Pós-graduação em Engenharia Civil e Ambiental - FEB
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A time-and-motion study in wood processing of the Eucalyptus harvester's operational cycle was developed. The objective was to evaluate wood harvesters working under several site conditions. The research includes two kinds of harvesters while processing wood to supply paper and cellulose factories, as follows: a machine with twin tires and other one with large tracks, both connected to a different head harvester models. The forestry species were Eucalyptus saligna Smith and Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden, seven and eight years old, in slope terrains ranging from 0% to 10% degrees, under harvesting systems used by Votorantim and Suzano forestry companies, in São Paulo State, Brazi. Considering all field research, results disclosed that, for some conditions, both machines have shown mathematical correlation between some mechanical wood operation within the processing operational cycle and the saw logs production. All the mathematical correlations were found to express logarithmical models.
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Controlled pollination is an important tool in a forest genetic improvement program, which permits to choose parents and make specific crosses maximizing gains and providing superior genotypes in less time than conventional pollination. To verify the needs of the forest companies regarding the conduction of controlled pollination orchards in the breeding program, a specific questionnaire was sent in September 2011 to companies associated to IPEF. The objective of the questionnaire was to collect basic information about the current situation of controlled pollination orchards and check the main difficulties and demands related. It was found that use of the controlled pollination orchard has begun to be used by companies in the Brazilian forest sector just a few years ago and is considered to be very important in breeding programs in order to shorten the time to obtain new genotypes; but there is still need of crucial information regarding the management of these orchards. The main demands are: Basic concepts of flowering induction; homogeneity of flowering; hormonal induction and alternative techniques for flowering; relationship between management and genotypes used; variations in the flowering of different genotypes; management of the orchard in the different phenological phases; process of grafting typesand interaction between graft and rootstock, irrigation systems; species identification and flowering map.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)