323 resultados para Materiais cerâmicos : Propriedades


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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Nowadays, we live in a time of rapid research for technological advances, in a way that this pursuit of new technologies is deeply connected to the diversity of new materials that have been developed by mankind. It deals with issues such as materials with enhanced properties which offer better quality, less cost and high performance, while they are accessible both in their production and moment of operation. In this context, it was required to develop electrodes that were easy to prepare as well as which present high electric conductivity and good mechanic proprieties by using carbonaceous material as basis. For this reason, the best parameters of the furfuryl resin cures were established with different pH variations through viscosimetric measurements and differential scanning calorimetry. By scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was possible to identify an increased porosity in the samples with pH 7 and pH 8, as compared to samples with lower pH content. After carbonization of the material, the characterization of monolithic glassy carbon was held by means of FT-IR techniques, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and cyclic voltammetry. The spectra showed that the change in pH does not have significant influence on the crystallographic ordering of the material and its structural characteristics. As for the electrochemical character, the CVM electrodes showed excellent response, with good reversibility and wide potential window. Some voltammetric curve deviations were only observed for the sample with pH 4, which may be related to processing parameters adopted

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Ceramic powders based on Zn3Ga2Ge2O10: Cr3+ X% (X = 0.0; 0.5; 0.75; 1.0) were synthesized by solid-state reaction method. The gallium-zinc germanate doped with chromium presents an interesting property of phosphorescence, that means, it is capable of emitting light when excited by a source of radiation, and such emission remains for some time after stopping the source. For this reason, these materials can be widely applied in night-vision surveillance, (through the use of solar energy, for example), electronic devices screen, emergency routes signals, control panels indicators in dark environments, etc. In this job were considered different amounts of dopant in order to perform a comparison of structural and photoluminescent properties. For that, some analyses were performed on samples, such as XRD, FT-Raman, SEM, UV-vis and photoluminescence measurements (PL). Such analysis allowed to infer that the presence of chromium results in no phase transformation, so that the four compositions have the same set of phases: cubic, rhombohedral and hexagonal. Although the structure was not changed, chromium influences other properties / characteristics of these materials. Examples are: increase of band-gap, decrease of average particle size, small changes in binding energy checked by Raman and especially the increase of photoluminescent property. The chromium ions have great ease in replacing gallium ions in octahedral sites, resulting in emission of light with a wavelength of about 700 nm (infrared region), which is justified by the spin-forbidden 2E 4A2 transition. In other words, chromium is a favorable luminescent center, acting as a trap in the crystal structure, since it imprisons the excitation energy easily and releases it gradually, allowing the phosphorescence. It was observed that the composition ... (Complete abastract click electronic access below)

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O estudo da adição de dopantes trivalentes é uma das principais pesquisas na área de varistores. Vários autores têm buscado entender os efeitos destes dopantes nas propriedades elétricas e microestruturais destas cerâmicas eletrônicas. Tanto metais de transição quanto terras raras são adicionados em cerâmicas à base de SnO2 a fim de verificar o seu comportamento. O que se tem observado é que alguns destes óxidos tais como Cr2O3 e La2O3 melhoram significativamente as propriedades elétricas dos varistores, enquanto que outros como o Bi2O3 e Er2O3, por exemplo, não produzem tal efeito. A evolução do desempenho do comportamento varistor tem sido também atribuída às espécies de oxigênio produzidas pela reação com estes dopantes. Esta revisão apresenta resultados de estudos recentes do comportamento varistor frente a adição de metais doadores.

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Pós-graduação em Ciência dos Materiais - FEIS

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Pós-graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia de Materiais - FC

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Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEIS

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)