Perioperative fluid therapy: a statement from the international fluid optimization group

Perioperative fluid therapy remains a highly debated topic. Its purpose is to maintain or restore effective circulating blood volume during the immediate perioperative period. Maintaining effective circulating blood volume and pressure are key components of assuring adequate organ perfusion while avoiding the risks associated with either organ hypo- or hyperperfusion. Relative to perioperative fluid therapy, three inescapable conclusions exist: overhydration is bad, underhydration is bad, and what we assume about the fluid status of our patients may be incorrect. There is wide variability of practice, both between individuals and institutions. The aims of this paper are to clearly define the risks and benefits of fluid choices within the perioperative space, to describe current evidence-based methodologies for their administration, and ultimately to reduce the variability with which perioperative fluids are administered. Based on the abovementioned acknowledgements, a group of 72 researchers, well known within the field of fluid resuscitation, were invited, via email, to attend a meeting that was held in Chicago in 2011 to discuss perioperative fluid therapy. From the 72 invitees, 14 researchers representing 7 countries attended, and thus, the international Fluid Optimization Group (FOG) came into existence. These researches, working collaboratively, have reviewed the data from 162 different fluid resuscitation papers including both operative and intensive care unit populations. This manuscript is the result of 3 years of evidence-based, discussions, analysis, and synthesis of the currently known risks and benefits of individual fluids and the best methods for administering them. The results of this review paper provide an overview of the components of an effective perioperative fluid administration plan and address both the physiologic principles and outcomes of fluid administration. We recommend that both perioperative fluid choice and therapy be individualized. Patients should receive fluid therapy guided by predefined physiologic targets. Specifically, fluids should be administered when patients require augmentation of their perfusion and are also volume responsive. This paper provides a general approach to fluid therapy and practical recommendations.

Shopping center: consumo do espaço, cotidianidade e fetichismo

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

A representação do mar nos romances de Moacir C. Lopes

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Pharmacokinetics of intraosseous and central venous drug delivery during cardiopulmonary resuscitation

We compared the pharmacokinetics of intraosseous (IO) drug delivery via tibia or sternum, with central venous (CV) drug delivery during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).Methods: CPR of anesthetized KCl arrest swine was initiated 8 min post arrest. Evans blue and indocyanine green, each were simultaneously injected as a bolus with adrenaline through IO sternal and tibial needles, respectively, n = 7. In second group (n = 6) simultaneous IO sternal and IV central venous (CV) injections were made.Results: Peak arterial blood concentrations were achieved faster for sternal IO vs. tibial IO administration (53 +/- 11 s vs. 107 +/- 27 s, p = 0.03). Tibial IO dose delivered was 65% of sternal administration (p = 0.003). Time to peak blood concentration was similar for sternal IO and CV administration (97 +/- 17 s vs. 70 +/- 12 s, respectively; p = 0.17) with total dose delivered of sternal being 86% of the dose delivered via CV (p = 0.22).Conclusions: IO drug administrations via either the sternum or tibia were effective during CPR in anesthetized swine. However, IO drug administration via the sternum was significantly faster and delivered a larger dose. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Measurement of the charge asymmetry in top-quark pair production in proton-proton collisions at root s=7 TeV

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Measurement of isolated photon production in pp and PbPb collisions at root s(NN)=2.76 TeV

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Search for Signatures of Extra Dimensions in the Diphoton Mass Spectrum at the Large Hadron Collider

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Exclusive gamma gamma -> mu(+)mu(-) production in proton-proton collisions at root s=7TeV

A measurement of the exclusive two-photon production of muon pairs in proton-proton collisions at root s = 7 TeV, pp -> p mu(+)mu(-) p, is reported using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 40 pb-1. For muon pairs with invariant mass greater than 11.5 GeV, transverse momentum p(T)(mu) > 4 GeV and pseudorapidity 1770.1) < 2.1, a fit to the dimuon p(T)(mu(+)mu(-)) distribution results in a measured cross section of sigma(p -> p mu(+)mu(-) p) - 3.38(-0.55)(+0.58) (stat.)+/- 0.16 (syst.) +/- 0.14 (lumi.) pb, consistent with the theoretical prediction evaluated with the event generator LPAIR. The ratio to the predicted cross section is 0.83+(0.14)(-0.13) (stat.) +/- 0.04 (syst.) +/- 0.03 (lumi.). The characteristic distributions of the muon pairs produced via Ty fusion, such as the muon acoplanarity, the muon pair invariant mass and transverse momentum agree with those from the theory.

Measurement of the inclusive production cross sections for forward jets and for dijet events with one forward and one central jet in pp collisions at root s=7 TeV

The inclusive production cross sections for forward jets, as well for jets in dijet events with at least one jet emitted at central and the other at forward pseudorapidities, are measured in the range of transverse momenta p(T) = 35-150 GeV/c in proton-proton collisions at root s = 7 TeV by the CMS experiment at the LHC. Forward jets are measured within pseudorapidities 3.2<|eta|<4.7, and central jets within the |eta|<2.8 range. The double differential cross sections with respect to pt and eta are compared to predictions from three approaches in perturbative quantum chromodynamics: (i) next-to-leading-order calculations obtained with and without matching to parton-shower Monte Carlo simulations, (ii) PYTHIA and HERWIG parton-shower event generators with different tunes of parameters, and (iii) CASCADE and HEJ models, including different non-collinear corrections to standard single-parton radiation. The single-jet inclusive forward jet spectrum is well described by all models, but not all predictions are consistent with the spectra observed for the forward-central dijet events.

Shape, transverse size, and charged-hadron multiplicity of jets in pp collisions at root s=7 TeV

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Thermal behaviour of malonic acid, sodium malonate and its compounds with some bivalent transition metal ions

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Quantum chemical modeling of perovskite: An investigation of piezoelectricity in ferrite of yttrium

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Thermal behaviour of succinic acid, sodium succinate and its compounds with some bivalent transition metal ions

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Quantum mechanical study of YTiO3 to the investigation of piezoelectricity

In previous articles we reported through theoretical studies the piezoelectric effect in BaTiO3, SmTiO3, and YFeO3. In this paper, we used the Douglas-Kroll-Hess (DKH) second-order scalar relativistic method to investigate the piezoelectricity in YTiO3. In the calculations we used the [6s4p] and [10s5p4d] Gaussian basis sets for the O (3P) and Ti (5S) atoms, respectively, from the literature in combination with the (30s21p16d)/[15s9p6d] basis set for the Y ( 3D) atom, obtained by generator coordinate Hartree-Fock (GCHF) method, and they had their quality evaluated using calculations of total energy and orbital energies (HOMO and HOMO-1) of the 2TiO+1 and 1YO+1 fragments. The dipole moment, the total energy, and the total atomic charges in YTiO3 in C s space group were calculated. When we analyze those properties we verify that it is reasonable to believe that YTiO3 does not present piezoelectric properties. Copyright © 2011 Raimundo Dirceu de Paula Ferreira et al.