Preservação digital nas instituições de ensino superior: aspectos organizacionais, legais e técnicos

This article analyzes the main aspects related to digital preservation in Higher Education Institution (HEI). Discusses the problems and challenges to be facing in this context and presents the main aspects and strategies involving digital preservation in this institution type, focusing on three: the organizational aspects, the legal aspects and the technical aspects. The methodological procedures involved the literature analysis on the subject area. As a result shows a digital preservation policy that includes 15 (fifteen) essential elements, distributed in three segments (aspects), and the importance of each element to the deployment of a digital preservation policy.

Preservação digital na gestão da informação: um modelo processual para as instituições de ensino superior

Pós-graduação em Ciência da Informação - FFC

Fundamentos das políticas de ação afirmativa etnicorracial no ensino superior

This article aims to contextualize the educational affirmative action policies for ethnic racial groups in Brazilian legal system, present the main philosophical fundamentals that support these educational policies and discuss the validity of those fundamentals. In the legal context, the principle of substantive equality and the fundamental objectives of the Federative Republic of Brazil, positivised in the Constitution of 1988, as well as the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, allow the implementation of these policies. The philosophical fundamentals presented in this article are the thesis of compensatory justice and the thesis of distributive justice. The thesis of distributive justice has been refuted by logical legal arguments and by analysis of the right to higher education positivised in the Constitution. The thesis of compensatory justice has been considered a valid argument to support affirmative action policies, due to historical facts and sociological factors existing in the Brazilian context. It is concluded that the affirmative action policies for ethnic racial groups should be part of the Brazilian social policies, but these affirmative action policies should not invade the context of higher education, since the intended purposes are unrelated to this.

Violência contra a mulher: uma temática privilegiada para se trabalhar no ensino superior, mediante artigos de jornal

Este texto tem como objetivo central evidenciar aspectos da temática violência contra a mulher como o assunto privilegiado para se trabalhar no Ensino Superior, particularmente no Curso de Direito, mediante artigos de jornal. Tal formulação é decorrente da reflexão sobre a árdua tarefa da mediação do conhecimento que impõe desafios, algumas vezes desanimadores, sobretudo quando o peso da tradição dá o tom, ou quando os responsáveis pelo ensino encontram-se refratários às mudanças didáticas no seio de alguns cursos superiores. Como postura de uma nova didática, a proposta de se trabalhar com artigos de jornal, sobretudo quando trabalhada com temáticas como a privilegiada neste artigo, revela as possibilidades de aproximação dos resultados das reflexões sobre questões do cotidiano com aspectos da dogmática, muito valorizada, sobretudo, nos Cursos de Direito.

Os artigos de jornal no ensino superior: utilizando um recurso didático não-convencional no ensino do Direito

Trata-se de artigo decorrente de nossas práticas pedagógicas no ensino superior, particularmente no ensino de Direito Constitucional mediante a utilização de artigos de jornais. Essa idéia surgiu com a finalidade de despertar o aluno para a leitura de periódicos específicos da área, e de diminuir a distância no campo do conhecimento entre a eficácia jurídica e a eficácia social. Como é sabido, o ensino do Direito ainda contempla o padrão didático das aulas lidas, o recurso da subsunção e da simples repetição doutrinária, muitas vezes, lamentavelmente, alicerçadas em apostilas ou resumos que conduzem o aprendizado à mera reprodução de doutrina. Centralmente quanto ao ensino de Direito Constitucional, ao mesmo tempo em que pressupõe um íntimo relacionamento com os outros ramos do Direito, guarda enorme distância quando se trata da transmissão de seu conteúdo. O trabalho ora comunicado é resultante de um projeto desenvolvido mediante duas etapas: na primeira a busca é pela compreensão das normas e dos princípios existentes no corpo da Constituição e na posterior objetiva-se a tradução de tais normas e princípios no contexto social, com base nas discussões em artigos de jornal. Essas discussões são desenvolvidas, ainda que superficialmente, por meio da análise dos aspectos constitutivos da configuração textual dos artigos. O que se tem como resultados é a observação de que, mediante o recurso didático de artigos de jornais, o estabelecimento de uma discussão das normas e princípios constitucionais tem tornado a relação ensino-aprendizagem no curso de Direito mais interessante aos alunos e professor.

Ensino médio e ensino superior em São Paulo: notas críticas sobre o Pimesp

This article discusses the relationships between the educational levels in São Paulo, focusing in some aspects such as the integration process (higher and basic education) and the access to the public higher education institutions. Starting on analyses of those relations in the context of the educational policy of the last decades, we question the eicacy of the recent proposition named Pimesp (Program of inclusion with merit in the public higher education of São Paulo) to transform the great structural lines of these access mechanisms and integration. It is supported that programs like this, in one hand, are not new and, in the other hand, they reinforce some tendencies which are already in progress in the policies to the Brazilian higher education since 1990s. Besides that, they are not able to improve the efective conditions of the secondary public education. In the inal part we state that to face these conditions of access and the possibility of a greater integration between the levels of teaching is necessary a set of systemic educational policies, with massive public investments, long term planning, among other things that are not on the horizons of Pimesp.

Identificação das potenciais barreiras e motivações para gestão ambiental em instituições de ensino superior

Pós-graduação em Engenharia de Produção - FEB

Definição de públicos na gestão de relacionamentos de instituição privada de ensino superior

This paper aims to provide guidelines for the development of communication strategies and relationship to a Private Institution of Higher Education (PIHE), having as initial activity of this process the definition and distinction of its various stakeholders. Currently, it has become necessary due to changes the scene of higher education has been through. In general, competition is greater, the demands of customers increased, causing the university management to take new directions in order to plan the activities in the most possible professional way. The study enables the public to identify needs and preferences of each group, allowing the creation of communication strategies and more targeted and relationships more prosperous and sustainable, making them competitive advantages in the midst of this tumultuous contemporary educational context. Therefore, it was developed a study of public interest of Faculdades Integradas de Bauru - FIB - coupled with the development of a field research, exploratory and descriptive to get subsidies for a project relationship for the various stakeholders of the institution

Controle de qualidade em equipamentos mamográficos

Nowadays the mammography is the most effective way of revealing early breast cancer. The image in this kind of exam is gotten trough a x-ray sheaf of low energy, however, the suitable visualization of the interesting structures by the radiologist is not always possible due several factors that appears since the mamma composition until the equipments limitation. The regulation 453/98 sets quality control tests and limits of acceptation that guarantee a good development of the mammographys. The purpose of this study is the 3D principle ( Diagnostic, Dose and Dollar), that means, an improved diagnosis, a dose reduction in the patient and a cost decrease for the Institution. In this study was made the quality control tests set by the Regulation in two mammography equipments from Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu (HCFMB - UNESP). The results reached in this research were used in the renovation process of quality stamp in mammography granted by Colégio Brasileiro de Radiologia (CBR) to the diagnosis by image from the HCFMB – UNESP

Estudo descritivo e preliminar das questões éticas, educativas e legais do uso de animais como recurso didático no ensino superior

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Controle de qualidade em equipamentos de tomografia computadorizada

The computed tomography, devised by Godfrey Hounsfield and Allan Cormack, is in its fourth decade of the clinical use and has presented to be a very useful tool in the diagnosis of several pathologies. For this reason, its use is increasing each day, due to technological progress since its creation. Due to be more and more utilized, the equipment must be in good operating conditions, because it is subject to variance and wearing, damage the quality of diagnosis. To evaluate whether the performance of the scanner remains constant along the time and the dose received by the patient is within the desired limits, periodic tests of quality control must be performed. For this subject, the regulation 453 (June 01, 1998) was created, which determines the need of the implementation of a program for quality assurance (PGQ), where, in addition to the tests of quality control, are established the necessary measurements for the proper functioning of the equipment, generating a trustworthy diagnosis, reducing the dose for the patient and the costs. In this document, are presented tests of quality control carried out in hospitals of the city of Sao Paulo carried out together with the Technical Section of Applications by Imaging Diagnostic (STADI) of the Institute of Electrotechnics and Energy of the University of São Paulo (IEE/USP)

Dosimetria Física e Controle de Qualidade em Radioterapia

Radiotherapy is a multidisciplinary speciality which uses complex equipment and radiation sources for delivery of treatment, using high-energy ionizing radiation to treat cancer at several stages of complexity. Since radiation therapy is a technique which involves a precalculated radiation dose, it shall be established quality assurance programs that provide an efficient and safety treatment. The International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements (ICRU) report No. 50 has recommended dose uniformity between 5% of the prescribed dose throughout the region of interest. This is one of the most primordial points that justify the importance of a suitable attendance of the equipments quality and performance. For quality control, the medical physicist will be involved with establishing and running a Quality Control Program (QCP). He must adapt or develop the procedures of equipment acceptance and commissioning, besides verifying the use of principles and accepted protocols of national and international reports to assure the correct quality, quantity, and placement of radiation during the performance of a radiological procedure, establishing adequate protocols to ensure accurate patient dosimetry. This present work consists of a description of the activities carried through the Sectors of Radiation Therapy of the Hospital of Clinics of the Campinas State University (Unicamp), particularly in the implementation of the Quality Control Program

Controle de qualidade em radioterapia: dosimetria de fótons em acelerador linear – Mevatron MXT

The treatment of a tumor with ionizing radiation is an ongoing process with well differentiated stages. These ones include the tumor diagnosis and location, the decision on the treatment strategy, the absorbed dose planning and calculation, the treatment administration, the absorbed dose verification and the evaluation of results in short and long terms. The quality of a radiotherapy procedure is closely linked to factors that may be classified as clinical, such as the diagnosis, the tumor location, the treatment strategy chosen and the continuous treatment reassessment; dosimetric or physical, such as the uncertainty in the dose calculation, its optimization and verification, the suitability of the equipment to provide a radiation beam consistent with the treatment planning; finally, others which are related to the practical application of radiotherapy treatment and the handling of the patient. In order to analyze the radiotherapy quality, one should realize that the three aspects (medical, physical or dosimetric and practical application) should be considered in a combined way. This means that numerous actions of the radiotherapists, medical physicists and technicians in radiotherapy should be held jointly and their knowledge level will significantly affect the treatment quality. In this study, the main physical parameters used in dosimetry are defined as well as determined experimentally for a linear accelerator Mevatron - MXT. With this, it is intended to provide recommendations for the physical aspects of Quality Assurance (QA) in the radiotherapy treatments, and these will usually be applied by professionals in Medical Physics. In addition to these instructions, it is recommended that additional texts are prepared to address in detail the clinical aspects of the treatments QA

Coleta de dados, modelagem e controle de qualidade do sistema de planejamento pinnacle3

Qualidade na coleta de dados do feixe de radiação, modelagem por meio do sistema de planejamento de tratamento (SPT) e controle da qualidade do processo envolvido são cruciais à fidedignidade do serviço de radioterapia de forma a contribuir à eficácia do tratamento e segurança do principal ente envolvido no final de toda essa sistemática, o paciente. Para isso foi proposto nesse presente trabalho a coleta de dados do feixe de raios-x de 6MV seguido da introdução desses dados ao SPT para processo de modelagem computacional que teve agregado, a todo esses processos, o controle da qualidade segundo critérios de aceitação

Comparação entre metodologias de controle de qualidade em mamografia digital

The best way to detect breast cancer is by screening mammography. The mammography equipments are dedicated and require a rigorous quality control in order to have a good quality image and to early detect this disease. The digital equipment is relatively new in the market and there isn’t a national rule for quality control for several types of digital detectors. This study has proposed to compare two different tests manuals for quality control provided by the manufacturers of digital mammography equipments, and also compare them to the “European guidelines for quality assurance in breast cancer screening and diagnosis “(2006). The studied equipments were: Senographe 2000D from General Electric (GE) and the Hologic Selenia Lorad. Both were digital mammography equipments, the GE unit presents an indirect digital system and the other presents a direct digital system. Physical parameters of the image have been studied, such as spatial resolution, contrast resolution, noise, signal-tonoise ratio, contrast-to-noise ratio and modulation transfer function. After that, a study of the importance of quality control and the requirement to implement a Quality Assurance Program has been done. One data collection was done to compare those manual, it was done by checking which tests are indicated and the minimum frequency which they should be conducted in accordance with each manufacturer. The tests were performed by different methodologies and the results were compared. The examined tests were: the breast entrance skin dose, mean glandular dose, contrast-to-noise ratio, signal-to-noise ratio, automatic exposure control and automatic control of density, modulation transfer function, equipment resolution, homogeneity and ghost