195 resultados para Conceitos Científicos
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Com o movimento da Matemática Moderna, a partir de 1950, o ensino da matemática passou a enfatizar o simbolismo e a exigir dos alunos grandes abstrações, distanciando a matemática da vida real. O que se percebe é que o aluno formado por este currículo aprendeu muito pouco de geometria e não consegue perceber a relação deste conteúdo com sua realidade. Por outro lado, o professor que não conhece geometria não consegue perceber a beleza e a importância que a mesma possui para a formação do cidadão. A geometria estimula a criança a observar, perceber semelhanças, diferenças e a identificar regularidades. O objetivo deste trabalho é identificar o nível de conhecimento dos alunos do Centro Específico de Formação e Aperfeiçoamento ao Magistério (CEFAM), futuros professores da 1ª a 4ª séries do Ensino Fundamental do Estado de São Paulo, quanto aos conceitos de ponto, reta, plano, ângulos, polígonos e circunferências e também verificar as contribuições do computador para a construção de conceitos geométricos. Para atingir esses objetivos, foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa com 30 alunos do CEFAM de Presidente Prudente-SP, na qual, com base no diagnóstico das dificuldades de aprendizagem, organizaram e desenvolveram-se os momentos de formação, que utilizaram o computador como ferramenta de aprendizagem e projetos de trabalho tendo como aporte teórico a abordagem construcionista. O futuro professor que não dominar a geometria e não perceber sua relação com a natureza não conseguirá contribuir para o desenvolvimento do pensamento geométrico da criança. Esse pensamento é que permite a criança observar, compreender, descrever e representar, de forma organizada, o mundo em que vive.
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Relatamos aqui resultados parciais de um estudo que analisou o desempenho de futuros professores quando, durante o desenvolvimento de uma disciplina de Prática de Ensino de Física, foram solicitados a planejar, elaborar e ministrar, em situações reais de sala de aula, tópicos de ensino de termologia a uma turma de estudantes, dentre os quais se incluíam alunos com deficiência visual. Os dados coletados mostram que as principais dificuldades apresentadas pelos futuros professores referem-se à abordagem do conhecer fenômenos físicos como dependente do ver. Por outro lado, como alternativas, os futuros professores mostraram criatividade em superar atitudes passivas relativas à problemática educacional considerada e a elaboração de estratégias metodológicas destituídas da relação conhecer/ver.
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The distribution of species in ecosystems is influenced by several biotic and abiotic factors, and physical barriers operate as filters to dispersion. The ancient processes of human migration and settlement, and the recent globalization trends are the main responsible factors for the transposition of geographic barriers by organisms and species introduction in regions outside their original distribution range. In order to designate introduced species, the adopted terminology may eventually lead to a lack of operational definitions, misleading the interpretation of paradigms concerning the invasion process. According to the literature, the criteria i) biogeographic, ii) population growth, and iii) spreading in the invaded region, should be taken into account as a manner to avoid subjective interpretations. Most of the presented models are inserted in the same paradigms to explain the status of the invasion process (arrival, establishment and invasion), although each model has its own concepts. Many authors consider both characteristics of the invader species and of the invaded environments to explain species success and establishment. The use of clear concepts, well established and non subjective concepts of introduced and invading species as well as its derivatives is crucial to unify the paradigms of the invasion process.
Resumo:
The question that leads this article is What is this virtual space in the on-line mathematics education process? We focus on the question of the real and virtual as issues taken as components of cyberspace. We investigate these notions in the history of philosophy, looking to Granger to find their meaning, to enable us to understand them and fit them into the sphere of Mathematics Education. This theoretical-philosophical article, then, claims that the virtuality of cyberspace is supported by the computer screen, built by the unification of the sciences (mathematics), technology and its applications. Software and the actions taken by Internet users update the capability of these programs in a variety of characteristics and possibilities such as space-time flow interconnections as well as during the mathematics education process.
Resumo:
The history of concepts, albeit still little explored by information science, can provide important contributions for the study of key concepts that constitute the theoretical-conceptual framework in a scientifi c context. Thus, the history of concepts is presented as a tool for the study of diachronic and synchronic features of the scientific concept in Information Science. For such, it was imperative to understand the intersection of the categorical-abstract and analytical-causal dimensions, both relevant for constituting the very proposition of the history of concepts elaborated by Reinhart Koselleck.
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Since the 1990s, research into indigenous history has grown both quantitatively and qualitatively in Brazilian academia. Nevertheless the concepts of ethnohistory and indigenous history have been frequently used imprecisely. This article discusses the concept of ethnohistory and its development. Also, it discusses the interdisciplinary character of research into indigenous history and its social relevance. Questions are also raised about the training of human resources for teaching, the research into indigenous history, the teaching of it in the context of basic education and the professional ethics of the researcher.
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Competitiveness is the basis of economic progress of a country. Innovation is a cornerstone of competitiveness. The competitiveness of the countries has been assessed by studies of competitiveness through a comprehensive set of indicators, which year after year evolve and expand, with the incorporation of new indicators. Stands out in this expansion the integration of new indicators related to sustainability of cities. This short article will explore the concepts of Competitiveness, Innovation and Sustainability, and based on the description of the methodology of two major studies on Competitiveness, will demonstrate the growing importance of sustainability indicators for cities have been given for these studies. To illustrate the results of studies show Brazil. And finally, will seek to highlight the role of Information and Communication in this context. © 2012 AISTI.
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Pós-graduação em Geografia - IGCE
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Pós-graduação em Engenharia Elétrica - FEIS