O engavetamento de modelos de ensino superior dentro da universidade pública

This paper explores the contradictions between models conflicting today in Brazilian universities. The conglomeration of isolated institutions, integrated and multifunctional university and university-enterprise, service provider. This last model attempts to integrate higher education institutions to supply chains dominated by capital. Public universities were designed to provide innovative services and train staff researchers for such activity. The training of skilled workforce would be fundamentally task of private universities. But in any case, the onus would be on this training students. This model has been driven from the 1990s, with "instruction manuals" of the World Bank, and in 2000, with the IMF recommendations and, in the case of Latin American universities, Fundación Universia, sponsored by the Santander Bank. The question remains: the university will be able to organize the productive forces which have around research goals and staff training for independent development.

O ensino superior noturno no Brasil: história, crescimento e políticas públicas no início do século XXI

There are three distinct and complementary objectives The first objective is to present a short historical overview on the establishment of evening courses in Brazil (classes are held on weekdays, generally from 7:00 pm to 10:30 pm), including those in the higher education level, occurred on the middle of last century. The second objective is to demonstrate the growth of evening higher education, considering that in 1998, of the 2.1 million college enrollments, 55.3% were enrolled in evening courses; in 2010, twelve years later, of the 5.4 million students enrolled, there were 63.5% enrolled in evening courses. The third objective is to discuss current public policies to expand evening openings in public institutions which represent nowadays only 16.1% of the 3.4 million enrollments for evening classes. In the third objective it is included the discussion of programs for scholarships and tuition loans. The research results pointed to the importance of federal programs for scholarships and tuition loans for students from private institutions such as the 1,382,484 scholarships since 2004 (PROUNI Program) and the 847,000 tuition loans since 1999 (FIES Program). Important steps have been made by the Brazilian government. Considering that there are 3,987,424 enrollments in private institutions, the effectiveness of the programs for scholarships and tuition loans is still insufficient to meet the universal benefits for the student’s needs. Evening courses became the real instrument of social inclusion for many Brazilian youths and must be expanded quantitatively and qualitatively, with aggressive public policies, including also, scholarships and tuition loans.

Os indicadores da qualidade na educação infantil e sua aplicabilidade

Este estudo teve como objetivo experiênciar a aplicabilidade dos Indicadores da Qualidade na Educação Infantil, documento elaborado pelo Ministério da Educação e Cultura (MEC) em 2009, por meio da Secretaria de Educação Básica e em parceria com a ação Educativa, a Fundação ORSA, a União Nacional dos Dirigentes Municipais de Educação (UNDIME) e o Fundo das Nações Unidas para a Infância (UNICEF). Observamos a possibilidade de utilização na avaliação de uma escola de educação infantil e sua contribuição para a efetiva melhoria da qualidade do ensino da instituição. Utilizamos na realização da pesquisa, uma abordagem qualitativa de pesquisa, utilizando como instrumentos de coleta de dados, os questionários e levantamento bibliográfico, em uma escola pública de Educação Infantil do município de Rio Claro/SP, onde aplicamos os indicadores da qualidade. Posteriormente os dados coletados foram analisados para análise e elucidação das possibilidades e desafios da aplicação dos Indicadores da Qualidade na Educação Infantile também sua potencialidade como instrumento de avaliação da qualidade da escola

A educação a distância e a formação continuada de professores de matemática: contribuições de um contexto formativo para a base de conhecimento docente

Pós-graduação em Educação - FCT

Educação para o desenvolvimento sustentável: o papel da Universidade

The University is responsible for the stablishment of citizens with critical thinking, based on current concepts, capable of a dynamic and participative attitude in the community in which these professinals will be inserted. Education at environmental sustainability, permeated by the articulation among knowledge, social, and cultural phenomena, brings the challenge of incorporating skills, providing essential values not only for understanding the historical relations between human beings and the environment, but also to improving the quality of life. The “World Conference on Higher Education in the Twenty-first Century: Vision and Action" guides the educational process by its mission to train citizens professionals, highly informed, motivated, integrated and able to create a society based on love of humanity and wisdom. The balancing among the basic functions of teaching, research and extension within the University contributes to the student to take ownership of the construction of his own knowledge in a perspective of integral formation of the human being, aware of his social responsibility and policy for a society environmentally sound. This paper aims to, guided by literature review, present some considerations on the role of the University in education for environmental sustainability.

La relacion entre la calidad de la ensenanza y mala prática odontológica: relato de un caso clínico

The activities developed in health area are of great importance, because they have the aim to preserve the life of the men, and therefore, must be performed by authorized persons. The increase of the number of dental schools, the decline at the education quality and a higher admission of students with low ability to exercise their profession, are facts that bring disastrous consequences for society. These facts are, also, reflected at the moral, ethical and technical-scientific performance of the professional. The purpose of this clinic case is to show that although there is a significant suplly of education institutions, there is a lack of scientific and adequate technical knowledgement from the graduated dentals surgeons. The patient MSL, 17 year old, female, went to a dental clinic presenting a tray type Vernis, attached to the lower arch. After clinical evaluation, it was showed that an incorrect material was used for the impression technique, being impossible to take out the tray by the conventional manner. The planning for the removal of the tray was through the divide of it. Thus, the consequence of the lack of knowledge in the use of impression materials had caused a great incovinience to the patient. It can be concluded that the rate of malpractice is directly related to the professional preparation, highlighting the importance of quality dental education for a responsible clinical practice.

Percepção do cirurgião-dentista sobre formação profissional e dificuldades de inserção no mercado de trabalho

Introduction: The evaluation of the perception of graduates is an essential strategy to support the political project educational in universities. Objective: This study aimed to verify the perception of dentists which are working in the labor market, about the difficulties of professional insertion after the graduation, positives and negatives aspects and suggestions regarding the training received. Methodology: This is a qualitative survey conducted with graduates of the years 2000 to 2010, of dentistry course from a Brazilian Public University. A self-administered questionnaire was sent by mail/email to all graduates in the period. The data were transcribed and subjected to content analysis, divided into pre-analysis, characterized by carefully reading floating, material exploration, guidelines for finding the analysis itself. Result: The categories related to the difficulties in early life were: getting a job/workplace, adequate working conditions and low pay, insecurity and confrontation obtained the academic and lack of administrative experience. The perceived positive aspects for the training were: good infrastructure and reputation of the university, integrating teaching-research, teacher-student relationship. The negative aspects comprised the following categories: administrative preparation, lack of integration between content theoretical/ practical, concepts used in the labor market. The suggestions presented are consistent with the difficulties to the beginning of professional life and the negative aspects. Conclusion: The professionals have faced the saturation of the labor market and different reality from those found in academic life. Despite the positive aspects, graduates suggest changes in the course conducted.

Projeto pedagógico e estrutura curricular de um curso de odontologia: análise crítica fundamentada na percepção acadêmica

Considering that the current pedagogical project for the Dentistry course at FOA-Unesp was structured in 2001, a year before the national resolution that introduced the new curricular guidelines for the dental field, the aim of this study was to analyze critically this document and assess the academic perception of the pedagogical project, as well as the current curricular structure. A previously tested and validated semi-structured questionnaire was used to obtain the needed information, and a documentary analysis was conducted. The questionnaire was drafted based on data from the National Curricular Guidelines (DCN) and Unified Health System (SUS) guidelines. The sample consisted of almost all the graduating students of 2007 (n = 61). Of these, 95% had no knowledge of the pedagogical project for the undergraduate course; 53% found the integration between the disciplines offered by the course insufficient; 66% pointed out that there was duplication of the revised contents; 41% said that the interdisciplinary relation was unsatisfactory, and 67.2% said they preferred the modular system of teaching. Furthermore, 55.7% of the students said that that the course does not fully cover the principles of completeness and resolution of actions, and 37.7% pointed out that clinical care was not humanized. As for the competence and skills needed to exercise the profession, the students admitted feeling secure about carrying out preventivecurative clinical actions, and feeling insecure about developing broad ranging actions, like managing and planning. Analysis of the documents showed a certain disagreement in the organization of the pedagogical project and the curricular structure, when confronted with the course of action set down by the National Curricular Guidelines. The data prove the urgent need to restructure the FOA-Unesp curriculum and confirm the importance of a continuous evaluation in higher education.

Proposta de gestão ambiental para o Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Piauí, campus Teresina Central

Pós-graduação em Geografia - IGCE

Introdução a álgebra no ensino fundamental: o “X” da questão

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Expectativas de aprendizagem e processos avaliativos na educação física para os anos iniciais do ensino fundamental: análise de proposições teóricas e de perspectivas de professores

Pós-graduação em Docência para a Educação Básica - FC

Avaliações externas e em larga escala nas redes de educação básica dos Estados brasileiros

Pós-graduação em Educação - FCT

Uma perspectiva da globalização na universidade brasileira

As políticas públicas relacionadas ao ensino superior brasileiro atual vêm estabelecendo seus parâmetros nos moldes da globalização econômica, visando sua inserção no mundo moderno, a partir de um modelo econômico neoliberal assumido como inevitável. As novas formas de organização do trabalho deles decorrentes impuseram um novo tipo de formação, onde o domínio do conhecimento e o tempo de escolarização passaram a ser estratégicos. Porém, a aplicação das recomendações dos órgãos internacionais no Brasil neoliberal privilegia a formação de nível superior fora do sistema universitário público, apontado como atrasado devido aos seus custos, preferindo-se uma outra, onde os critérios de qualidade são os empresariais. As conseqüências são evidentes, acentuando-se o atraso econômico e tecnológico, distanciando-se cada vez mais o país da modernidade.

Visualização espacial, raciocínio indutivo e rendimento acadêmico em desenho técnico

As dificuldades de aprendizagem de Desenho Técnico que experimentam os estudantes de Engenharia relacionam-se com seu nível de aptidão. Para melhorar o processo didático, seria necessário detectar de imediato os estudantes que requerem mais apoio. Este estudo descreve a utilidade de um teste de Visualização Espacial e um teste de Raciocínio Indutivo para prever o rendimento dos estudantes em Desenho Técnico. A amostra foi composta por 484 estudantes do primeiro ano do Curso de Engenharia de quatro centros brasileiros de Educação Superior. Os dados foram analisados com o modelo de Rasch. Os resultados sugerem que a aptidão de Visualização Espacial é o melhor previsor.

Concepções de qualidade de ensino dos coordenadores de graduação: uma análise dos cursos de odontologia do Estado de São Paulo

As novas demandas sociais e as diretrizes curriculares brasileiras para os cursos de odontologia colocam desafios à prática docente nas instituições de educação superior. Nesse contexto, investigam-se as concepções de qualidade de ensino universitário de professores que atuam como coordenadores de graduação nas faculdades de odontologia do Estado de São Paulo que possuem pós-graduação stricto-sensu, para refletir sobre os desafios da formação docente na área. Como instrumentos de levantamento de dados utilizou-se questionário, contendo perguntas abertas e fechadas e entrevista semi-estruturada, organizada para possibilitar o aprofundamento da discussão. Os dados foram descritos e discutidos mediante análise quantitativa e qualitativa, a partir das três dimensões da prática docente analisadas por Cunha (1995): político-estrutural, curricular e pedagógica. Para este artigo, focalizaram-se apenas os aspectos da dimensão pedagógica, na qual os pontos que expressam posturas mais contraditórias referem-se a métodos de ensino-aprendizagem, participação do aluno e tutoria. Os resultados apontam para concepções de ensino-aprendizagem que oscilam entre modelos tradicionais e inovadores, sinalizando pontos de conflito em relação a paradigmas que se articulam diretamente a questões curriculares e político-estruturais.