Probing new physics in diphoton production with proton tagging at the Large Hadron Collider

The sensitivities to anomalous quartic photon couplings at the Large Hadron Collider are estimated using diphoton production via photon fusion. The tagging of the protons proves to be a very powerful tool to suppress the background and unprecedented sensitivities down to 7 x 10(-15) GeV-4 are obtained, providing a new window on extra dimensions and strongly interacting composite states in the multi-TeV range. Generic contributions to quartic photon couplings from charged and neutral particles with arbitrary spin are also presented.

Using of a snap-through truss absorber in the attenuation of the sommerfeld effect

This work, considers a vibrating system, which consists of a snap-through truss absorber (STTA) coupled to an oscillator, under excitation of an DC motor, with an eccentricity and limited power, characterizing a non-ideal oscillator (NIO). It is aimed to use the absorber STTA, to establish the conditions, that we have the maxim attenuation of the jumpphenomenon (Sommerfeld Effect). Here, weare interestedin determining the conditions of the vibrating system, in which there arereduced amplitudes of the oscillator, when it passes through the region of resonance.

DYNAMICAL JUMP ATTENUATION IN A NON-IDEAL SYSTEM THROUGH A MAGNETORHEOLOGICAL DAMPER

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Cerebellar tomographic attenuation of healthy felines

The cerebellum is responsible for coordination and maintenance of the fine control of muscle contraction. In cases of a suspected cerebellar disorder, a computed tomography scan can be performed to identify structural change. The aim of this study is to describe the cerebellar tomographic attenuation values in healthy cats since this variable is considered of great importance in the evaluation of images obtained by this imaging modality. A simple and a contrast enhanced brain computed tomographic scan were performed in 15 adult cats with no history of neurological symptoms and negative for feline leukemia and immunodeficiency virus. After acquiring the image, the measurement of the average attenuation of a cerebellar area of 2 centimeters in diameter was obtained. The cerebellar tomographic attenuation showed a variation from 14.60 to 25.50 HU in the simple scan and from 25.50 to 33.40 HU in the enhanced phase. Most animals (73.33%) had precontrast cerebellar attenuation values within the stipulated limit for the brain in a previous study (20-41 HU). Four animals in this study (26.67%) had values lower than 20 HU, which can be explained by differences in cellular composition between these two regions. The average value of contrast enhancement was 4.91 HU, and in none of the animals an enhancement greater than 10 HU was observed, which is in agreement with previous studies.

Método de pontos interiores no planejamento ótimo do tratamento de câncer por radioterapia

The Medical Physics has been developing very fast due to the progress of the technologies and to the increase of the concerns with cure of diseases. One of the Medical Physics main performances at the present time is the use of ionizing radiations for cancer treatment, especially, services as Radiotherapy. The radiotherapy technique uses ionizing radiation with therapeutic end of cancer controls, avoiding your proliferation and it worsens of the patient. For the treatment a radiation bunch is used, with rectangular form, that it passes through the different types of tissues of the patient's body, and depending on the attenuation and of the depth of the fabrics, a great amount of energy is deposited inside in different points of the body. Like this, to plan this treatment type it should be obtained the dimension of the distribution and dose absorption along the volume. For this, it is necessary in the planning of the treatment of the cancer for radiotherapy to build isodose curves, which are lines that represent points of same amount of dose to be deposited in the area to be treated. To aid the construction of the curves of form isodose to reach the best result in the planning of the treatment, in other words, a great planning, providing the maximum of dose in the tumor and saving the healthy and critical organs, it has been using mathematical tools and computational. A plan of cancer treatment for radiotherapy is considered great when all the parameters that involve the treatment, be them physical or biological, they were investigated and adapted individually for the patient. For that, is considered the type and the location of the tumor, worrying about the elimination of the cancer without damaging the healthy tissue of the treated area, mainly the risk organs, which are in general very sensitive to the radiations. This way, the optimization techniques... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

The Didactic Transposition of the Photoelectric Effect in High School Brazilian Physics Textbooks

É notório que o livro didático desempenha um papel fundamental na prática pedagógica da maioria dos professores de Física constituindo importante fonte de referência para professores e estudantes. Ao mesmo tempo representa a memória impressa das demandas e paradigmas de ensino, e procura atender às exigências prescritas na legislação e diretrizes, de uma determinada localidade e período. Atualmente, a inserção de Física Moderna e Contemporânea no currículo do Ensino Médio brasileiro está entre as prioridades, preconizando, entre. outros, o ensino do efeito fotoelétrico, em função da relevância do fenômeno ao corroborar a interpretação corpuscular da natureza da luz, e o consequente laureio de Albert Einstein com o Prêmio Nobel. Estudos realizados apontam que muitos dos livros didáticos apresentam a história do efeito fotoelétrico de maneira superficial ou errônea, e expõem incorretamente a função trabalho e o conceito de fóton (Klassen, 2011). Tendo em vista o exposto, objetivamos analisar como ocorre a apresentação do efeito fotoelétrico especificamente em dez coleções didáticas brasileiras aprovadas pelo Programa Nacional do Livro Didático do Ensino Médio 2012 do governo federal, tendo como aporte teórico as considerações de Yves Chevallard (Brockington e Pietrocola, 2005). Procuramos resposta para a seguinte pergunta: Quais são as transposições ocorridas na apresentação do efeito fotoelétrico (saber sábio) para se tornar o saber a ensinar em materiais escolares? Nossa análise centrou-se no processo de descontextualização, entendido como o processo pelo qual o saber sábio passa para que seja ensinável, sendo necessário que seja arrancado de seu contexto original, ou seja, o seu processo histórico.

Particle Physics in the teaching practice of the participants of the School of Physics CERN

A atualização dos currículos escolares e, em especial, a inserção de assuntos de física moderna e contemporânea já foram defendidos com justificativas satisfatórias, tanto por professores em atividade escolar como por pesquisadores da área de ensino de física. Entre os assuntos que deveriam ser discutidos encontramos a Física das Partículas Elementares. O ensino deste tópico é justificado pelo fato dele permitir a discussão: a) de uma nova visão de mundo; b) de uma visão mais adequada da ciência; c) da reinterpretação da Física Clássica; d) da dinâmica da Ciência e seu desenvolvimento; e) da contribuição dos diversos cientistas; f) do papel da experimentação; g) do investimento financeiro e cooperativo de diversos países e pesquisadores. No entanto, para que a inserção de assuntos de física moderna e contemporânea ocorra de maneira eficiente é necessária a atualização dos professores que já estão em docência escolar, bem como uma formação adequada daqueles que estão em processo de formação inicial. Neste sentido, desde 2010 a Sociedade Brasileira de Física realiza anualmente a Escola de Física do CERN, na qual participam professores brasileiros de física de escolas públicas do Ensino Médio. Nesta escola são desenvolvidas aulas sobre física de partículas, sessões experimentais e visitas aos laboratórios do CERN. Perante isso, investigamos como os professores participantes da Escola de Física do CERN abordam a física de partículas em suas aulas após participarem dela.

Interactive simulations to physics teaching: a case study in brazilian high school

This paper presents the results of a study that investigated the use of simulators to improve physics teaching. The study population consisted of eight classes totaling 205 second year high school students from Brazilian public school. The research methodology adopted compares the average performance of students on tests conducted in the classroom to performance on tests conducted in the laboratory using computer simulators. The results obtained showed that students’ performance on tests improved after the use of simulators. It was found that the students had more homogeneous test results when using the simulator.

Effect of protective solutions and hydroxyethyl starch in the attenuation of the injuries of ischemia and reperfusion of splanchnic organs

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

New physics from warped compact extra dimensions: from model building to colliders signals

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Study of vector boson scattering and search for new physics in events with two same-sign leptons and two jets

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Search for physics beyond the standard model in final states with a lepton and missing transverse energy in proton-proton collisions at root s = 8 TeV

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Light-by-light scattering with intact protons at the LHC: from standard model to new physics

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Flavor physics in warped space

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Probing the Mott physics in kappa-(BEDT-TTF)(2)X salts via thermal expansion

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)