Equilíbrio eletrolítico e condicionamento térmico: redução do estresse térmico agudo em frangos de corte

Em países de clima tropical, o calor é um dos principais limitantes à produção de frangos de corte, sendo ainda responsável por induzir uma elevada mortalidade, especialmente na fase de terminação. Visando aliviar o efeito do estresse pelo calor, foram avaliadas duas técnicas para melhorar a tolerância térmica: o condicionamento térmico precoce (TCP) e a formulação dieta utilizando o princípio de Mongin (equilíbrio eletrolítico). Para tanto, o balanço eletrolítico do K+Na-Cl foi ajustado em 350 mEq/kg e a relação eletrolítica (K+Cl)/Na em 3:1, pelo programa PPFR (http://www.fmva.unesp.br/ppfr). Foram utilizados 300 pintos machos Cobb 500, em arranjo fatorial 2x2 (com e sem TCP e com e sem o princípio de Mongin), num delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em 24 boxes (6 repetições por tratamento). As aves foram inicialmente alojadas em baterias metálicas (1-7 dias de idade), e posteriormente em piso (8-48 dias de idade), sendo arraçoadas com: (T1) dieta tradicional sem TCP; (T2) dieta tradicional com TCP; (T3) dieta com a aplicação do equilíbrio eletrolítico sem TCP e (T4) dieta com aplicação do equilíbrio eletrolítico com TCP. O condicionamento térmico foi realizado no quinto dia de idade, por 24 horas a 36 °C, somente na metade do lote (150 aves). Após esse período, todas as aves foram transferidas para boxes de 1,5x3m (12 aves/boxe), tendo como cama a maravalha de madeira reutilizada. Aos 36 dias de idade foi aplicado um estresse agudo (36°C) por 8 horas em todos os tratamentos, sendo monitorado eletronicamente a temperatura e a umidade do galpão e do microclima na altura das aves. A alimentação e a água foram ad libitum, mesmo durante o período de estresse. Foram aferidos os dados de desempenho aos 7, 35 e 48 dias de idade para ganho de peso, consumo de ração e conversão alimentar, e também a taxa de mortalidade de cada boxe. Verificou-se que tanto o equilíbrio eletrolítico como o condicionamento térmico precoce foram eficazes significativamente (P<0,05) para minimizar a mortalidade dos frangos submetidos ao estresse agudo de calor, sem prejuízo no desempenho das aves. Além disso, foi observado um efeito mais favorável quando aplicados simultaneamente (T4). Assim, para o tratamento em que nenhuma destas estratégias foram utilizadas (T1), a taxa de mortalidade foi 83% superior ao tratamento em que ambas foram aplicadas (T4). Assim, tanto o condicionamento térmico precoce como o princípio de Mongin foram válidos para minimizar os efeitos danosos causados pelo calor em frangos de corte.

Efeito do edta sobre o teste de redução do tetrazólio nitroazul (NBT) para avaliação do metabolismo oxidativo dos neutrófilos de equinos

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Valor do teste de redução do Tetrazólio Nitroazul (NBT) no diagnóstico de processos inflamatórios caninos

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Fisiologia da termorregulação e estresse térmico em ovinos lanados

The introduction of wool sheep in warm temperature regions of Brazil has also raised concerns regarding the warm stress and its consequent decrease in animal production. The understanding of the physiology of thermal balance in sheep, as well as the consequences of this phenomenon, should be studied in order to improve animal thermal comfort in association with the production and reproduction indices of these animals. The majority of available research findings related to thermal balance in sheep is derived from countries with temperate climates and therefore might be different from those performed in our climate conditions. This essay presents a literature review that intends to discuss this theme.

Efeito do estresse crônico e benzodiazepínicos no reparo ósseo: estudo histológico em ratos

Stress is an environmental factor that may predispose individuals to depression. Benzodiazepines have been prescribed as effective drugs in these situations. The purpose of this study was histological evaluate of the effect of chronic stress and benzodiazepine drugs on bone healing. Bone cavities were created in both tibias of 40 male rats were divided into two groups: Control and Treaty. In this, the stressor stimulus was applied 40 days pre-operative and all post-operative days until sacrifice in the morning for 2 hours, by immobilizing restraint. These animals also received diazepam benzodiazepine group, daily, at a concentration of 5mg/Kg/peso body within 15 days of preoperative. In groups of five animals were sacrificed at 7, 14, 30 and 60 days post-surgery. At 7 days postoperatively, while the control group exhibited tissue rich in fibroblasts, the treated group showed newly formed tissue with few fibroblasts and capillaries along with lymphocytes and macrophages. At 14 days postsurgery, the control group showed newly formed trabecular bone while the treated group progressed to thin trabecular bone with numerous osteoblasts on their borders. At 30 days post-operative bone healing is complete in both groups. At 60 days post-operative characteristics observed in the treated and control groups are similar to the previous period, but with more advanced osteogenesis.

Efeito do envelhecimento e do estresse crônico sobre a reação do tecido conjuntivo subcutâneo: estudo histológico em ratos

Physiological functions undergo a gradual retardation that begins around 25-30 years and extends to the death. Moreover, this change affects most severely the activities more complex and more intricate responses to tensions or stress. The purpose of this study was to evaluate histologically in aged rats the effect of chronic stress on the reaction of subcutaneous connective tissue. The purpose of this study was to evaluate histologically in aged rats the effect of chronic stress on the reaction of subcutaneous connective tissue. For this purpose, 60 rats were divided into four groups (GI (control), GII (stressed), GIII (elderly) and GIV (aged / stressed) received dorsal subcutaneous implants of polyethylene tubes containing saline solution. In groups of four animals were sacrificed at 7,14 and 28 days postoperatively. The results allowed to observe more intense inflammatory reaction and tissue organization later in the aged animals subjected to stress.

Stress levels and quality of sleep in subjects with temporomandibular joint dysfunction

Purpose: The aim of this study was to test the association between quality of sleep and stress in individuals with temporomandibular disorder (TMD). Methods: The study sample consisted of 354 adult subjects (males and females) from the municipality of Piacatu, São Paulo state, in the Southeast region of Brazil. Data were collected using the Fonseca’s Questionnaire to record the level of TMD, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to assess quality of sleep and the Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS) to record stress level. The data were analyzed by the software Epi Info 2000 version 3.2 using a chi-square test at the 0.05 level of significance. Results: One hundred and eighty (50.8%) subjects had some level of TMD. The statistical analysis showed a significant relationship between the three stress scores and the presence or absence of sleep disorders, considering an overall PSQI score > 5 as an indicator of a subject with sleep problems (P<0.01). Conclusion: Both quality of sleep and stress levels were associated with TMD in this sample.

Association between bruxism, alcohol and tobaco use among brazilian students

The etiology of bruxism is not well defined. Different factors affecting the central nervous system are considered as risk factors for bruxism. Dental students are not immune to the bruxism, alcohol consumption and tobacco use, despite their training, knowledge of its effects and social responsibility. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between bruxism, alcohol consumption and tobacco use among Brazilian dental students. Participants were chosen among 180, 17-29 year-old students at the UNESP’s Dentistry School – Araçatuba Campus. They were divided into those with and without bruxism on the basis at validated clinical criteria. The clinical examinations were carried out by four standardized examiners (Intraexaminer and Interexaminer Unweighted kappa= 0.82, Weighted kappa= 0.89, respectively), in the clinic, with daylight and a tongue depressor. Bruxism was registered with the following categories: no wear facets, wear facets in enamel, dentine wear facets, facets wear half of the crown and wear facets more than 2/3 of the tooth crown. A self report validated questionnaire for alcohol consumption and tobacco use with 29 questions was completed by both groups. Fischer exact test and T-test were used and Odds Ratio and Confidence Interval was estimated. Bruxism was more frequent among cigarette smokers both in men (68.4%) and in women (56.8%). Among all respondents in this group, 82.6% reported that they would like to quit smoking and those who have tried previously to quit (76.4%) found it made them more stressed. Drinker was more frequent in the group with bruxism also (66.5% of the female and 73.5% of the male). 88.4% reported drinking alcohol because it “allows dealing with stress in an adequate way”. Results suggest a positive association between bruxism and alcohol consumption and tobacco use.

Saúde do trabalhador na odontologia: o cirurgião-dentista em foco

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Teste de aceitação em amostras de cachaça: avaliação de métodos estatísticos e de número mínimo de julgadores

Based on data of global impression acceptance tests of 4 cachaças samples, sensory evaluated by 120 judges, statistical parametric and non-parametric proceedings were compared. In this way, based on the sensory acceptance obtained data, 5400 systematic samples were created with different judges numbers and submitted to the established statistical proceedings. The obtained results showed that ANOVA, with two factors and Friedman tests, were equivalent to determine signifi cant differences among the cachaça samples, and in relation to the number of judges, the results pointed out 45 as the minimum necessary to detect signifi cative differences.

Atividade antioxidante do extrato seco de cacau orgânico (Theobroma cacao): estudo de estabilidade e teste de aceitação de cremes acrescidos deste extrato

Conselho Nacional de Desevolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Estresse e zumbido: o relaxamento como uma possibilidade de intervenção

The aim of this study was verify the stress on people with tinnitus and the effect of progressive relaxation to modify the perception of tinnitus and reduce the stress. The stress was tested in 50 patients and the intervention was done with 12 people in the sample. In this interview was used the history, symptom inventory stress and progressive relaxation. The results demonstrate that the tinnitus affects the patient’s life in physical and emotional aspects. The intervention with the progressive relaxation showed satisfactory answers such as modification in the perception of tinnitus and stress symptoms. The psychological intervention contributed with how the patients will deal with tinnitus, leading them to learning strategies and coping with the stress and the symptoms.

Efeitos do estímulo auditivo musical sobre a resposta autonômica cardíaca e parâmetros cardiorrespiratórios durante e após exercício submáximo

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Avaliação da sensibilidade à insulina e concentração do cortisol salivar em gestantes com doença periodontal

Pós-graduação em Odontologia Preventiva e Social - FOA

Efeitos do uso de programas de luz e de triptofano suplementar na dieta sobre o desempenho, comportamento e parâmetros de estresse de leitões recém-desmamados

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)