Desempenho da beterraba 'katrina’ submetida a lâminas de água e doses de nitrogênio aplicadas via fertirrigação

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Produção Vegetal) - FCAV

COMPORTAMENTO DO NONI À SALINIDADE DA ÁGUA DE IRRIGAÇÃO EM SOLO COM BIOFERTILIZANTE BOVINO1.

O excesso de sais no solo e em águas utilizadas para irrigação podem provocar perdas significativas de crescimento e de produção em plantas cultivadas. Dentre algumas alternativas para redução dos efeitos negativos dos sais às plantas em áreas cultivadas, a utilização do biofertilizante fermentado vem sendo explorada no cultivo de hortaliças e frutíferas irrigadas com água salina. Nesse sentido, o trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o comportamento do noni à salinidade da água de irrigação em substrato sem e com biofertilizante bovino. Os tratamentos foram distribuídos em blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições, utilizando o arranjo fatorial 5 x 2, correspondente a cinco níveis de condutividade elétrica da água de irrigação (0,5; 1,5; 3,0; 4,5; 6,0 dS m-1), em substratos com e sem biofertilizante bovino. Foram avaliados: altura de plantas, diâmetro do caule, número de folhas, área foliar, matéria seca da parte aérea e consumo hídrico. Todas as variáveis avaliadas foram influenciadas negativamente pelo incremento de sais na água de irrigação, mas sempre com menor intensidade nos tratamentos com biofertilizante bovino. O biofertilizante não elimina, mas atenua os efeitos negativos dos sais às plantas de noni.

Avaliação da presença da antineoplásico em água residuária de um hospital oncológico e do sistema de esgotamento sanitário municipal

Pós-graduação em Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (Biotecnologia Médica) - FMB

Avaliação do consumo de água no sistema de irrigação por inundação com distribuição de múltiplas entradas na cultura de arroz (Oryza sativa L.)

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Irrigação e Drenagem) - FCA

Comparação entre métodos de estimativa da evapotranspiração de referência (ETo) em regiões citrícolas paulistas

As regiões escolhidas para o estudo são importantes no cenário citrícola irrigado, tanto em expansão quanto em atuação. Os dados meteorológicos utilizados para as estimativas são integrantes do banco de dados climáticos do software IRRIPLUS®. Com este software, estimou-se a evapotranspiração de referência (ETo) diária, utilizando as metodologias propostas por Penman-Monteith (EToPM), Hargreaves & Samani (EToHG) e Blaney-Criddle-FAO (EToBC), para o período de um ano. O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar os métodos de estimativa com EToPM, utilizando parâmetros de regressão (β0, β1), coeficiente de determinação (r²), e correlação (r), estimativa do erro-padrão (SEE), índices de concordância (d) e confiança (c). Os resultados indicam tendência de EToHG à superestimativa dos valores de ETo, exceto na região de Jaú, e subestimativa por EToBC, para todas as regiões estudadas. Nos valores mensais de ETo, os três métodos apresentam a mesma distribuição. O método de EToHG apresenta-se como uma excelente alternativa na estimativa de consumo de água pela cultura.

Relações hídricas em cultivares de beterraba em diferentes níveis de salinidade do solo

The excess of salts in the soil can directly affect the development and yield of the plants, therefore, studies on water relationships of crops in such conditions are necessary to prevent or solve the problem. The study was conducted in a greenhouse at Universidade Estadual Paulista, Department of Agricultural Engineering, Botucatu, Brazil. The statistical design used was randomized blocks with four replications, consisting of five levels of soil salinity (1.0, 3.0, 6.0, 9.0, 12.0 dS m-1), two cultivars of sugar beet (Early Wonder and Itapuã) and two types of management of fertigation, totaling in all 80 plots. Measurements of water content of the leaves, diffuse resistance to water vapor, transpiration, leaf area and the water consumption of crop were determined. There was a decrease according to increasing salinity for the analysed physiological parameters in the Early Wonder variety while for the Itapuã variety a gradual increase was observed up to a salinity of 6 dS m-1. The water consumption by plants showed a reduction with increase of soil salinity for the two varieties.

Análise da sensibilidade dos componentes da equação de Hargreaves - Samani para a região de Bebedouro - SP

The estimation of reference evapotranspiration (ETo) subsidizes the calculations of water consumption in irrigated agriculture. The use of simpler methodologies are common however should be carefully studied. The present study evaluated the sensitivity of the Hargreaves -Samani equation compared to the standard Penman-Monteith -FAO to estimate ETo for the climatic conditions of the Bebedouro-SP region, simulating the effects of increasing and decreasing 5 % in the temperatures, resulting in ten different scenarios (PM -Penman-Montheit -FAO; S0 -original Hargreaves Samani; S1 to S8 -modified Hargreaves Samani). The obtained results of sensitivity, linear regression, accuracy and concordance index, were compared. We concluded that the Hargreaves -Samani equation overestimates the monthly values of the ETo in 13% compared to the standard method. A variation of 5% in maximum and minimum temperatures resulted in errors of up to 1 mm day-1 (monthly average) and this increase is more expressive in maximum temperature.

Efeito protetor do suco de laranja vermelha e dieta hiperlipídica nos parâmetros fisiológicos e marcadores bioquímicos em ratos submetidos à dieta hiperlipídica

Pós-graduação em Alimentos e Nutrição - FCFAR

Avaliação dos aspectos hídricos relacionados ao desenvolvimento da cultura da cana-de-açúcar na Bacia São José dos Dourados

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Civil - FEIS

Temporal Analysis of Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Sickness Behavior in Virgin and Lactating Female Rats

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Evaluation of a commercially available organic acid product on body weight loss, carcass yield, and meat quality during preslaughter feed withdrawal in broiler chickens: A poultry welfare and economic perspective

The effect of a commercial organic acid (OA) product on BW loss (BWL) during feed withdrawal and transportation, carcass yield, and meat quality was evaluated in broiler chickens. Two experiments were conducted in Brazil. Commercial houses were paired as control groups receiving regular water and treated groups receiving OA in the water. Treated birds had a reduction in BWL of 37 g in experiment 1 and 32.2 g in experiment 2. In experiment 2, no differences were observed in carcass yield between groups. Estimation of the cost benefit suggested a 1: 16 ratio by using the OA. In experiment 3, conducted in Mexico, significant differences on water consumption, BWL, and meat quality characteristics were observed in chickens that were treated with the OA (P < 0.05). These data suggest this OA product may improve animal welfare and economic concerns in the poultry industry by reducing BWL and improving meat quality attributes.

Metabolismo da videira ‘syrah’ no semiárido nordestino sob três estratégias hídricas

The almost complete absence or misdistribution of water as a natural resource frequently constitute a limiting factor for plant growth and development in the semi-arid northeastern Brazil. In this context, the use of appropriate irrigation techniques is an essential and indispensable factor for proper functioning of the primary and secondary metabolisms in plants. This study aimed to assess the metabolism of the Syrah grapevine in the semi-arid northeastern Brazil, by using three irrigation strategies (controlled deficit irrigation [CDI], deficit irrigation [DI], and full irrigation [FI]). The research was conducted at Embrapa Semiarid (Embrapa-Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation), Experimental Field of Bebedouro, municipality of Petrolina, state of Pernambuco, Brazil. The statistical design was randomized blocks, with a 3 x 6 factorial scheme. Six samplings were performed throughout the experiment cycle at 54, 60, 73, 87, 101, and 115 days after pruning (DAP). We analyzed the total soluble sugars, reducing sugars, total soluble protein, and invertase activity. Analysis of variance and the F test were performed for all analyzed variables. The means were compared using the Tukey test at 5% significance. At the end of the experiment cycle, DI was found to increase the average acid invertase activity in the plant cell wall. Further, by the end of the experiment cycle, the total soluble sugars and reducing sugars increased in all plants in the three irrigation strategies. Thus, we conclude that it is possible to reduce water consumption in vineyards of the semi-arid northeastern Brazil, without significantly affecting the protein and sugar metabolisms in the plants.

Subacute and Reproductive Oral Toxicity Assessment of the Hydroethanolic Extract of Jacaranda decurrens Roots in Adult Male Rats

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Crescimento de leguminosas utilizadas na adubação verde em diferentes níveis de sais na água de irrigação

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Proposta metodológica para a correção do coeficiente de retorno de esgoto sanitário em unidades com sistemas de aproveitamento de água pluvial

The use of rainwater for non-potable purposes generates a reduction in the consumption of treated water, however, this reduction is not observed in the generation of wastewater, as this is independent of the water source. In Brazil, the pricing on the services of collection and treatment of sewage, in general, is based on the coefficient of return of the sewage disposal system, which has a relation sewer / water proportional to the consumption of treated water measured at the consumer unit. The use of rainwater originating from utilization systems infer on the coefficient, underestimating the volume of wastewater generated. Therefore, this study presents a methodology for setting the coefficient of return. Different roof areas, reservoir volumes and rates of water consumption situations were simulated. The behavior of adjustment of the coefficient of return were also analyzed for the average area per capita roof (m² / inhabitant) of Rio Claro - SP. As a result, it can be seen that the adjustment of the coefficient of return is directly proportional to the increase of the roof areas and the volumes of reservoirs, and inversely proportional to the total water demand. The corrected coefficient of return showed the minimum value of 0.83 and a maximum value of 1.45, this variation corresponds to the maximum ratio between the demands of total water and rainwater, since the exploitation of rain water should be used only for non-potable uses, according to NBR 15527 / 07. To the municipality of Rio Claro - SP was noted an adjustment of the coefficient of return ranging from 0.99 to 6.61