Estimativa da área foliar de Euphorbia heterophylla

Leaf area estimate may contribute to understand the relationships of interference among weeds and crops. The objective of this research was to obtain a mathematical equation to estimate the leaf area of Euphorbia heterophylla based on linear measures of the leaf blade. Correlation studies were carried out using the real leaf area and leaf length (C) and the maximum leaf width (L) of 200 leaf blades which were collected from several agroecosystems at Universidade Estadual Paulista in Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil. The evaluated statistic models were: linear Y = a + bx; simple linear Y = bx; geometric Y = ax b; and exponential Y = ab x. All of the evaluated models can be used for E. heterophylla leaf area estimation. The simple linear regression model is suggested using C*L and taking the linear coefficient equal to zero. Thus, an estimate of the leaf area of E. heterophylla can be obtained using the equation Af' = 0.6816*(C*L).

A Cohort Study of Caries Incidence and Baseline Socioeconomic, Clinical and Demographic Variables: A Kaplan-Meier Survival Analysis

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Method validation using weighted linear regression models for quantification of UV filters in water samples

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Relationship between velopharyngeal closure, hypernasality, nasal air emission and nasal rustle in subjects with repaired cleft palate

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Reaction norms for the study of genotype-environment interaction for growth and indicator traits of sexual precocity in Nellore cattle

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Aplicação de modelos de regressão aleatória utilizando diferentes estruturas de dados

A total of 3.035 lactations of Holstein cows from four farms in the Southeast, to check the influence of data structure of milk yield on the genetic parameters. Four dataset with different structures were tested, weekly controls (CW) with 122.842 controls, monthly controls (CM) 30.883, bimonthly controls (CB) with 15,837 and quarterly controls (CQ) with 12,702. The random regression model was used and was considered as random additive genetic and permanent environment effects, fixed effects of the contemporary groups (herd-year-month of test-day) and age of cow (linear and quadratic effects). Heritability estimates showed similar trends among the data files analyzed, with the greatest similarity between dataset CS, CM and CB. The dataset submitted all the CB estimates of genetic parameters analyzed with the same trend and similar magnitude to the CS and CM dataset, allowing the claim that there was no influence of the data structure on estimates of covariance components for the dataset CS, CM and CB. Thus, milk recording could be accomplished in a CB structure.

Estudos de algumas correlações dos ovários com os corpos lúteos e o desenvolvimento fetal em fêmeas de bovinos nelore

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

GIS-based analytical tools for transport planning: spatial regression models for transportation demand forecast

Considering the importance of spatial issues in transport planning, the main objective of this study was to analyze the results obtained from different approaches of spatial regression models. In the case of spatial autocorrelation, spatial dependence patterns should be incorporated in the models, since that dependence may affect the predictive power of these models. The results obtained with the spatial regression models were also compared with the results of a multiple linear regression model that is typically used in trips generation estimations. The findings support the hypothesis that the inclusion of spatial effects in regression models is important, since the best results were obtained with alternative models (spatial regression models or the ones with spatial variables included). This was observed in a case study carried out in the city of Porto Alegre, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, in the stages of specification and calibration of the models, with two distinct datasets.

Fatores de risco cardiovascular em mulheres com antecedente de pré-eclâmpsia e sua associação com hipertrofia miocárdica e espessamento médio-intimal de carótidas

Pós-graduação em Fisiopatologia em Clínica Médica - FMB

Image-Guided Cryoablation of the Spine in a Swine Model: Clinical, Radiological, and Pathological Findings with Light and Electron Microscopy

This study was designed to present the feasibility of an in vivo image-guided percutaneous cryoablation of the porcine vertebral body. Methods The institutional animal care committee approved this study. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT)-guided vertebral cryoablations (n = 22) were performed in eight pigs with short, 2-min, single or double-freezing protocols. Protective measures to nerves included dioxide carbon (CO2) epidural injections and spinal canal temperature monitoring. Clinical, radiological, and pathological data with light (n = 20) or transmission electron (n = 2) microscopic analyses were evaluated after 6 days of clinical follow-up and euthanasia. Results CBCT/fluoroscopic-guided transpedicular vertebral body cryoprobe positioning and CO2 epidural injection were successful in all procedures. No major complications were observed in seven animals (87.5 %, n = 8). A minor complication was observed in one pig (12.5 %, n = 1). Logistic regression model analysis showed the cryoprobe-spinal canal (Cp-Sc) distance as the most efficient parameter to categorize spinal canal temperatures lower than 19 °C (p<0.004), with a significant Pearson’s correlation test (p < 0.041) between the Cp-Sc distance and the lowest spinal canal temperatures. Ablation zones encompassed pedicles and the posterior wall of the vertebral bodies with an inflammatory rim, although no inflammatory infiltrate was depicted in the surrounding neural structures at light microscopy. Ultrastructural analyses evidenced myelin sheath disruption in some large nerve fibers, although neurological deficits were not observed. Conclusions CBCT-guided vertebral cryoablation of the porcine spine is feasible under a combination of a short freezing protocol and protective measures to the surrounding nerves. Ultrastructural analyses may be helpful assess the early modifications of the nerve fibers.

Seleção genômica para características longitudinais de bovinos da raça Holandesa

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Weed interference on maize (Zea mays) under no tillage system

A field trial was carried out in Brazil in March 2002 with the aim to evaluate the effects of different timing and extension of weedy period on maize productivity. The hybrid Pioneer 30K75 was sowed under 7 t ha(-1) mulching promoted by glyphosate spraying. The treatments were divided in two groups: In the first group, weeds were maintained since the maize sowing until different periods in the crop cycle: 0, 14, 28, 42, 56, 70, and 150 days (harvesting time). In the second group, the maize crop was kept weed free for the same periods of the first group. Weed control was done through hand hoeing. A complete randomized blocks experimental design with five replications was used for plots distribution in the field. Nonlinear regression model was used to study the effects of weedy or weedfree periods on maize productivity. Weed community included 13 families and 31 species. Asteraceae, Poaceae, and Euphorbiaceae were the most abundant families. Results showed that under no tillage condition with 7 t ha-1 mulching at sowing time, the maize crop could cohabit with weed community for 54 days without any yield lost. on the other hand, if the crop was kept weed free for 27 days, the weed interference was not enable to reduce maize production. According to these results one weed control measure between 27 and 54 days after crop emergence could be enough to avoid any reduction in maize productivity.

Dogs can detect scat samples more efficiently than humans: an experiment in a continuous Atlantic Forest remnant

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Estimação de parâmetros genéticos para peso em diferentes idades para animais da raça Tabapuã

Foram estimados parâmetros genéticos para pesos do nascimento aos 570 dias de idade para 35.308 animais da raça Tabapuã, nascidos entre 1975 e 2000, pertencentes à ABCZ (Associação Brasileira de Criadores de Zebu) sob três modelos distintos. O modelo 1 incluiu o efeito genético aditivo direto como aleatório, além dos efeitos fixos de grupo de contemporâneos, definido pelas variáveis: proprietário, rebanho, criador, rebanho do criador, sexo, condição de criação, ano e mês de nascimento, ano e mês da pesagem, e os efeitos linear e quadrático de idade do bezerro e idade da vaca ao parto como covariáveis. O modelo 2 compreendeu, além dos efeitos supracitados, o efeito de ambiente permanente materno. O modelo 3 constou dos efeitos genético aditivo direto e materno e de ambiente permanente materno (aleatórios) e os mesmos incluídos no modelo 1 (fixos). de acordo com o teste de razão de verossimilhança, o modelo 3 foi o mais adequado para ajustar os efeitos estudados. As estimativas de herdabilidade direta foram baixas a moderadas (0,08 a 0,26), decrescendo do nascimento às idades subseqüentes, com picos aos 90 e aos 180 dias de idade. Aos 345 dias de idade, ocorreu novo aumento nas estimativas, com menor oscilação entre as estimativas subseqüentes até 570 dias de idade. As estimativas de herdabilidade materna foram baixas, sendo maiores no período da desmama.

Avaliação genética de caprinos da raça Alpina utilizando-se a produção de leite no dia do controle

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)