57 resultados para endogamia


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The Brazilian fauna has been constantly threatened by deforestation and forest fragmentation. As a result, many populations become isolated and small which negatively impacts their genetic diversity, putting them at a higher risk of extinction than large and stable populations. The aim of this work was to estimate the genetic diversity of white-lipped peccaries (Tayassu pecari) in the region of Taboco (Corguinho, MS), a fragmented area; and to compare these estimates with that obtained previously for two populations from Brazilian Pantanal, which is considered a relatively well-preserved biome and where the species is not threatened. A total of 18 blood and 72 hair samples of white-lipped peccaries had their DNA extracted and amplified for five polymorphic microsatellite loci. With the individuals identified, genetic diversity indicators (such as number of alleles, allelic richness, expected end and observed) and the inbreeding coefficient FIS were calculated. In addition, to verify if the population suffered a recent population bottleneck, we used the tests implemented in the program Bottleneck. The population of Taboco showed no evidence of recent population bottleneck (p > 0.05) or inbreeding (FIS = 0.008; p > 0.022). In addition, the levels of genetic diversity in this population (mean number of alleles = 2.60; mean allelic richness = 2.56 mean observed and expected heterozygosities = 0.45 and 0.47, respectively) were statistically similar to those found previously for the two populations from Pantanal (p > 0,05); although the region of Taboco is more impacted than the Pantanal. Even though we showed no evidence of loss of genetic diversity, it does not mean that the population is not suffering with fragmentation; but that there was not sufficient time to evidence the genetic changes. In addition, may be occurring gene flow with populations of nearby fragments, which is maintaining... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

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Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FCAV

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Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Genética) - IBB

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Pós-graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia Animal - FEIS

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In massal rearing of natural enemies with the goal of biological control, the procedures adopted for establishment and maintenance of the individual founders of the colonies may have undesirable effects on population genetic structure of laboratory. This situation influences the success of rearing and effectiveness in the field. The objective of this study was to evaluate, along of generations two laboratory populations (Jaboticabal and Piracicaba) of Chrysoperla externa (Hagen) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae), founded with different numbers of adults (1, 5, 10, 15 and 20 couples), the frequency of morphological variants, size of wings and eye color, such as parameters for inferences about the homozygosity degrees. For eye color were assessed the frequency, while for the size of wings was measured the width and the length of the right mesothoracic wings. The eye color variants for C. externa populations may be monitored in the laboratory aiming at detecting inbreeding, whereas the measurements of length and width of wings should not be adopted for this purpose.

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Pós-graduação em Genética e Melhoramento Animal - FCAV

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Pós-graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia Animal - FEIS