Interação genótipo vs formas de inoculação com Azospirillum brasilense em milho

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Genética e Melhoramento de Plantas) - FCAV

Levantamento de raízes e tubérculos nos assentamentos rurais Araras I, II, III e IV, no município de Araras, SP

Com a disseminação da agricultura industrial, com grande utilização de insumos tecnológicos, mecanizada e fundamentada num número reduzido de espécies e variedades de plantas cultivadas, os modos de produção autóctone têm sofrido pressões em todo mundo. Entre estas, citam-se a modernização do campo, a perda de terras para agricultura comercial em larga escala e a emigração dos jovens em busca de melhores condições de vida, que acarretam grandes mudanças para estes sistemas agrícolas. As comunidades de agricultores de subsistência são detentoras de uma gama de variedades de diversas espécies cultivadas, sendo que essa diversidade é um fator adaptativo importante para o agricultor ante as variações ambientais, climáticas, biológicas e socioeconômicas, além de ser importante para a segurança do sistema alimentar mundial. Isto faz com que estes agricultores se tornem importantes parceiros para programas de conservação in situ de plantas cultivadas. No Brasil, assentamentos rurais são formados por agricultores de diversas origens, e são locais onde a agricultura é parcialmente voltada para a subsistência. Dentre a grande diversidade de plantas cultivadas para subsistência, as raízes e os tubérculos constituem, depois dos cereais, a principal fonte de alimento para a população humana. O presente estudo visou levantar as espécies de raízes e tubérculos cultivados nos Assentamentos Rurais Araras I, II, III e IV, no município de Araras, São Paulo, e analisou a potencialidade dos pequenos agricultores das assentamentos como mantedores de agrobiodiversidade. A pesquisa se deu através de entrevistas estruturadas e semi-estruturadas, onde os agricultores entrevistados forma selecionados de maneira aleatória e estratificada entre os quatro assentamentos. Os dados coletados foram analisados de maneira descritiva. Os resultados...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

Efeito protetor da coenzima Q10 sobre os danos oxidativos da L-Tiroxina no músculo sóleo de ratos: Fabiana Barreiro de Freitas Silva. -

Pós-graduação em Ciência Animal - FMVA

Efeito antimicrobiano e citotóxico do óleo essencial de Cymbopogon citratus sobre células odontoblastóides

The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial and cytotoxic effect of essential oil (EO) of lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus). From the agar diffusion method, different concentrations of EO (0.135%, 0.2% and 1%), and control solutions (chlorhexidine (Chx), distilled water (Ad) and cereal alcohol (Ac)) were applied on cultures of Candida albicans (C.a), Streptococcus mutans (S.m), Streptococcus sobrinus (S.sob) and Lactobacillus acidophilus (L.a). For C.a, S.m and S.sob, the largest inhibition zones in descending order were: Chx, Ac and EO 1%, while the latter two were statistically similar (Mann-Whitney, p> 0.05). For L.a, the largest inhibition halo was observed for the Chx, followed by EO at 1%, 0.2%, 0.135% and Ac. For evaluation of cytotoxicity, the following groups were set: G1: 0,1% EO; G2: pure EO; G3 (positive control): H2 O2 ; G4: cereal alcohol; and G5 (negative control): culture medium – DMEM. The solutions were applied on the cultured MDPC-23 cells, which were plated (30,000 cells/cm2 ) in wells of 24 well-dishes. Cell metabolism was evaluated by MTT assay. Considering G5 (negative control) as 100% of cell metabolism, it was observed for G1, G2, G3 and G4 a percentage reduction in cell metabolism of 29.6%, 82%, 81.2% and 33.4%, respectively. It was concluded that the low concentration of 0,1% OE (C. citratus) was able to inhibit the growth of the strains tested as well as caused mild cytotoxicity to the cultured MDPC-23 cells.

Efeito da coenzima Q10 nos danos oxidativos induzidos pela L-tiroxina no músculo sóleo de ratos

Introduction: skeletal muscles are dynamic tissue that can change their phenotypic characteristics providing a better functional adaptation to different stimuli. L-thyroxine is a hormone produced by the thyroid gland and has been used as an experimental model for stimulation of oxidative stress in skeletal muscle. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a fat-soluble provitamin endogenously synthesized and found naturally in foods such red meat, fish, cereals, broccoli and spinach. It has antioxidant properties and potential in the treatment of degenerative and neuromuscular diseases. Objective: to evaluate the protective effect of CoQ10 in the soleus muscle of rats against the oxidative damage caused by L-thyroxine. Methods: the rats were divided in four groups of six animals each: Group 1 (control); Group 2 (coenzyme Q10); Group 3 (L-thyroxine), and Group 4 coenzyme Q10 and L-thyroxine). After euthanasia, blood was collected and serum activity of the enzymes creatine kinase (CK) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) was analyzed. In the soleus muscle homogenates the factors related to oxidative stress were assessed. Results: CoQ10 protected the soleus muscle against the damage caused by L-thyroxine and favored the maintenance of the antioxidant enzymes glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxidase, the concentration of decreased and oxidized glutathione, and prevented lipid peroxidation. Conclusion: the results indicate that CoQ10 protects rat soleus muscle from oxidative damage caused by L-thyroxine.

Doses, fontes e épocas de aplicação de nitrogênio influenciando teores de clorofila e produtividade do trigo

To achieve high wheat yield, correct management of N fertilization and the use of high yield potential cultivars are necessary. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different application rates and sources of N, applied totally at sowing or in topdressing, on grain yield and yield components of two irrigated wheat cultivars under a no-till system, grown in a Cerrado (Brazilian tropical savanna) region of low altitude. A randomized block design was used in a 5 x 3 x 2 x 2 factorial arrangement with three replications, combining five levels of N (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 kg ha(-1)), three sources of N (Entec (R), ammonium sulfate, and urea), and two application times (at sowing, near the rows, or in topdressing) in two wheat cultivars (IAC 370 and Embrapa 21). The wheat cultivars had similar grain yields. There was no difference among the sources of N for grain yield and yield components. The N applied totally at sowing did not differ from the traditional application at sowing and in topdressing for production of irrigated wheat in no-tillage. The increase in application rates of N increased the leaf N contents and chlorophyll, plant height, and the number of ears per m(2). Grain yield of the wheat cultivars IAC 370 and Embrapa 21 increased up to the application rates of 134 and 128 kg ha(-1) of N, respectively, regardless of application time and source of N. The positive correlation between chlorophyll leaf content and grain yield in accordance with N fertilization levels indicates that N fertilization in topdressing can be recommended based on SPAD readings of leaf chlorophyll performed at 38 days after wheat plant emergence.

Influência do manejo de residuos vegetais na umidade do solo e na produtividade do feijoeiro irrigado por pivô central

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Irrigação e Drenagem) - FCA

Estudo da mobilidade de micotoxinas em solo sob condições de clima tropical

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)