Control of lettuce bottom rot by isolates of Trichoderma spp

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Comparative wood anatomy of root and stem of Citharexylum myrianthum (Verbenaceae)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Rhizospheric streptomycetes as potential biocontrol agents of Fusarium and Armillaria pine rot and as PGPR for Pinus taeda

Pinus taeda is one of the main timber trees in Brazil, occupying 1.8 million ha with an annual productivity of 25-30 m(3) ha(-1). Another important species is Araucaria angustifolia, belonging to the fragile Rainforest biome, which for decades has been a major source of timber in Brazil. Some diseases that affect the roots and/or the stem of these trees and cause "damping-off" of the seedlings, with economic and environmental losses for the forest sector, are caused by the plant pathogenic fungi Fusarium sp. or Armillaria sp. This research project intended to isolate actinobacteria from the Araucaria rhizosphere, which present an antagonistic effect against these fungi. After the selection of the best pathogen inhibitors, morphologic characteristics, enzyme production, and their effect on the growth of Pinus taeda were studied. The actinobacteria were tested for their antagonistic capacity against Fusarium sp. in Petri plates with PDA as substrate. The inhibition zone was measured after 3, 5, 7, and 10 days. Of all the isolates tested, only two of them maintained inhibition zones up to 4 mm for 10 days. The inhibition of Armillaria sp. was tested in liquid medium and also in Petri dishes through the evaluation of the number of the fungal rhizomorphs in dual culture with the actinobacteria. It was found that all five isolates were able to inhibit the rhizomorph production, with the best performance of the isolate A43, which was capable of inhibiting both fungi, Fusarium and Armillaria. In a greenhouse experiment, the effect of five isolates on the growth of Pinus taeda seedlings was tested. Plant height, stem diameter, root and shoot dry matter were determined. The Streptomyces isolate A43 doubled plant growth. These results may lead to the development of new technologies in the identification of still unknown bacterial metabolites and new management techniques to control forest plant diseases.

Heating value of eucalypt wood grown on SRC for energy production

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Physical and mechanical characterization of a recycled polypropylene and wood flour without additives

Recycled polymer matrix composites reinforced with wood flour can be a viable alternative for the replacement of wood and virgin polymers in materials used in floors, door frames, windows and external cladding. The objective of this research was to determine some physical and mechanical parameters of composite made with Pinus taeda and elliottii wood flour (WF) and recycled polypropylene (PP), without the use of compatibilizers or additives. The composites were separated into four traits, namely 100% PP, 90% PP with 10%, WF 80% PP with 20% WF and 70 % PP with 30% WF. The characterization of the composite followed the standards ASTM D-638-10, ASTM D256-00, ASTM D570 -98, ASTM D1238 -10 and ASTM G 155-05, it was also employed the surface analysis by scanning electron microscopy. The dimensional stability tests showed satisfactory results. Even the composite with a higher percentage of wood flour (30%) had a flow index of 10 MFI, considered compatible with that observed for PP (polypropylene) virgin by standard ASTM D 1238-10. The inclusion of wood flour (FM) afforded composites with good mechanical characteristics which can be applied in manufacture of different materials, specifically employed outdoors.

Damage and Loss Due to Ceratocystis fimbriata in Eucalyptus Wood for Charcoal Production

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Proposição de um checklist de acompanhamento de processos construtivos habitacionais em wood-frame

The need for housing in Brazil is very large, and despite government efforts to address this issue, the housing deficit is too large. When analyzing markets without this problem, it is concluded that one of the factors that influence this model is the construction adopted by Brazilian society that is in masonry. Alternatively, the system can be used in constructive Wood-frame. To apply this system in Brazil, one can say that the workmanship and the materials available to meet the demand would be created in a short period of adjustments and capabilities, but identifies himself as one of the biggest problems the planning and management of works. And one of the tools for solving this problem is to use a checklist of the activities of constructive process, avoiding forgetting or not aware of the activities necessary to complete the project

Estudo de caso do conforto térmico de dois modelos construtivos em madeira: wood frame e log home

O presente trabalho consiste em demonstrar valores referentes ao conforto ambiental de dois modelos construtivos, sendo o primeiro um edifício já executado e o outro em fase de implantação, ambos no Campus Experimental de Itapeva, aplicando alguns conceitos em habitação mais sustentáveis de madeira na região de Itapeva, estado de São Paulo, Brasil. A edificação construída sedia duas salas de aula a partir da tipologia construtiva wood frame, constituída basicamente de paredes autoportantes compostas de ossatura de madeira tratada de pinus.sp, chapas estruturais em OSB, manta de isolamento térmico/acústico e fechamento interno e externo, respectivamente em gesso e sidding (lambris de madeira). A habitação em fase de início de implantação foi idealizada a partir da tipologia construtiva log-home, e atenderá a necessidade de espaço físico para abrigar o Centro Acadêmico e a empresa-júnior “PROMAD”, ambos do curso de Engenharia Industrial Madeireira do Campus Experimental da UNESP/Itapeva. Esta construção foi elaborada a partir de técnicas de baixo impacto ambiental, levando em consideração os resultados de análise térmica obtidos na edificação anterior. Em ambos modelos construtivos foram empregados recursos renováveis abundantes na região, como a madeira de reflorestamento de Pinus e de Eucalipto. Foi acrescentado ainda ao segundo modelo a utilização de resíduos industriais lignocelulósicos, como rolete de laminação e outros materiais locais disponíveis. A metodologia básica empregada para a obtenção de dados sobre o conforto térmico em relação as edificações foi, para o primeiro caso, a coleta de dados de temperatura e umidade utilizando um termo-higrômetro, a sistematização e análise de dados reais obtidos no interior da edificação. No segundo caso, o dimensionamento do conforto térmico... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

Interaction between N-fertilizer and water availability on borer-rot complex in sugarcane

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Effects of belt speed, pressure and grit size on the sanding of pinus elliottii wood

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Wood and leaf anatomy of Copaifera langsdorffii dwarf trees

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Potential use of bioagents in the control of postharvest rot in melon

Rot caused by Fusarium pallidoroseum has had a severely negative impact on the export of melons from Brazil. Uncertainty regarding the health of the fruit due to the quiescent infection of the pathogen has led producers to use fungicides in the postharvest treatment of the fruit, thereby causing contamination and risking the health of consumers. Consequently, there is a demand for clean and safe natural technologies for the postharvest treatment of melons, including biological control. The present study aimed at evaluating bioagents for use in controlling Fusarium rot in 'Galia'melon. The following bioagents were evaluated: two isolates of Bacillus subtilis, B. licheniformis and a mixture of B. subtilis and B. licheniformis, as well as the yeasts Sporidiobolus pararoseus, Pichia spp., Pichia membranifaciens, P. guilliermondii, Sporobolomyces roseus, Debaryomyces hansenii and Rhodotorula mucilagenosa. Treatment with imazalil and water were used as controls. Two experiments were conducted in a completely randomised design with 10 replicates per treatment with four fruit per replicate; the disease incidence was evaluated in the first experiment, and the disease severity was evaluated in the second. Similarity analysis of the temporal evolution profiles of rot incidence caused by F. pallidoroseum allowed the evaluated treatments to be clustered into four groups. In the first experiment, the yeasts P. membranifaciens and D. hansenii produced results similar to that of the fungicide imazalil. The second experiment highlighted the yeasts P. guilliermondii and R. mucilaginosa. Electron microscopy studies confirmed that once applied to the fruit, the yeasts colonised the skin and damaged the pathogen mycelium; the action of the yeasts affected the mycelium of F. pallidoroseum, which had infected wounds on the fruit's surface. Bacillus spp. did not provide good disease control. These results demonstrated that yeasts have the potential to control postharvest rot caused by F. pallidoroseum in 'Galia'melon.

Evaluation of area contaminated by wood treatment activities: genetic markers in the environment and in the child population

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

The urochloa foliar blight and collar rot pathogen rhizoctonia solani AG-1 IA emerged in South America via a host shift from rice

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Quality of wood and pulp from a clone of Eucalyptus grandis planted at three locations

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)