321 resultados para Usina Hidreletrica de Itaipu


Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

With growing electricty demand, the importance of generation through hydropower, a renewable energy source, it’s of great importance. This demand derives from the country’s growth, as well as events that will occur in the coming years. The commission has a crucial role before the entry into operation of hydroelectric plant, sice, ensures a good operation of hydraulic and electrical systems, as well as the safety of the installation. This paper is a case study, commissioning in a PCH in especially the most important tests, such as range operation, índex tes and load rejection. In these trials we can get a Idea of the actual behavior of the unit, as well as future operation maneuvers, and evidence of real efficiency

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

The freshwater phytoplankton, responsible for a significant part of primary production in rivers and lakes, is of great importance for matter and energy available to other trophic levels of structuring aquatic food chains. In recent decades, the construction of dams, especially for the generation of electricity, produced changes not only in physical and chemical characteristics of rivers, but also in biocoenosis of these ecosystems. Thus, research is needed to expand the basic knowledge about these environments and subsidize actions appropriate conservation and management. Considering that lotic environments are relatively little studied, and the river-reservoir interaction, the work aims to analyze the limnological conditions and assemblies phytoplankton along the gradient established by the Itaipu reservoir and downstream stretch of the Paraná River. During two periods of the year, winter and summer, we analyzed nine sampling stations: one in lentic environment (the dam), six on the Parana River (each 5 km), at the mouth of a river Monday and another at the mouth of the Iguazu river. The phytoplankton community was composed of 315 taxa, with the class Bacillariophyceae most specious. At every point the richness was higher in summer and with a longitudinal trend in the increasing points after falling after the dam and the contribution of the tributaries. The number of taxa common to the three rivers was low in both study periods. The higher taxa can be explained by the variety of environments sampled, different residence times of water and nutrient concentrations, whereas the rivers Iguazu and Monday suffer high human influence. The greater abundance of organisms in the dam, in both periods, it should be the class Cryptophyceae contributing over 75% of total phytoplankton in point. In cluster analysis (composition and abundance)...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

A biodiversidade pode ser considerada como uma base da existência por proporcionar recursos e regular os processos naturais responsáveis pela manutenção da vida. Nas últimas décadas, a biodiversidade vem sendo perdida rapidamente, apresentando taxas de decréscimo nunca antes vistas, o que reduz a capacidade de aporte de recursos naturais para as gerações futuras. Em relação às estratégias de conservação da biodiversidade, os orgãos ambientais brasileiros têm empreendido diversos esforços na sistematização de dados e informações sobre biomas, ecossistemas e espécies ameaçadas com a finalidade do estabelecimento de indicadores e diretrizes para a conservação da diversidade biológica direcionados à tomada de decisões por parte de gestores públicos e privados, como aquelas que são deflagradas no âmbito dos processos de licenciamento ambiental. Dentre os instrumentos de gestão ambiental, o licencimaneto ambiental é aquele responsável pela autorização da implantação de empreendimentos potencialmente causadores de significativo impacto ambiental, como é o caso de usinas hidrelétricas. Para isso, o licenciamento ambiental deve estar baseado em estudos ambientais realizados a partir dos procedimentos metodológicos de avaliação de impacto ambiental, os quais devem preconizar os aspectos que caracterizam a vulnerabilidade ambiental da localidade geográfica onde está planejado o empreendimento. Neste sentido, o presente trabalho objetivou analisar de que forma os dados, informações, indicadores e diretrizes sobre a diversidade biológica brasileira, produzidos e estabelecidos pelo governo federal estão sendo utilizados no processo de licenciamento ambiental da usina hidrelétrica de Tijuco Alto do rio Ribeira de Iguape.

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

The question of the solid waste is without a doubt one of the biggest problems faced for the world-wide population in the present time, resulting in the call “collapse of the garbage”. In this direction that appears the composting, in the scope of the treatment of organic waste origin, that in Brazil, approximately correspond 50% of the generated volume. However, the rare plants of selection and composting (UTC) existing at least do not obtain auto-to support themselves, increasing to each day the number of deactivations, almost always related the financial questions. In this direction, the present research brings the analysis of the economic viability of the implantation of a UTC for the city of Rio Claro-SP, relating it with the thick organic composition sales, for the cultures of vegetables cultivated in a ray of 30 km of the study area. For in such a way, they had been carried through, calculations concerning the regional demand for organic composition, and the verification of the implantation costs and operation of the plant. The reached results had been the flow of box for the first year of functioning of the UTC, as well as the break-even point between the gotten expenditures and prescriptions. From this relation investment profitability, it was verified that the UTC is presented impracticable under the economic point of view.

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Steel industry is a sector heavily dependent on energy, both electrical and thermal. Since the receipt of raw materials to the shipment of finished products to customers, through mergers, casting, rolling, heat treatment, inspection, among others, high amounts of energy are demanded, generating very significant costs to the productive chain in its entirety . Therefore, any alternative that favors the reduction in energy consumption or barateie the cost of this is very welcome. Within this context, this paper aims to make a technical and economic analysis of installing a cogeneration plant in the field rolling in a non-integrated steel mill. Two configurations are proposed plants, with one being the use of heat from waste gases from furnaces existing in the area mentioned and another with the use of heat from waste gases from an internal combustion engine. Both proposals are evaluated technically and later is done the economic analysis, calculating the financial return (pay back) in relation to the investment required, operation and maintenance of the plant

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEG

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEG

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Crops close to small water bodies may exhibit changes in yield if the water mass causes significant changes in the microclimate of areas near the reservoir shoreline. The scientific literature describes this effect as occurring gradually, with higher intensity in the sites near the shoreline and decreasing intensity with distance from the reservoir. Experiments with two soybean cultivars were conducted during four crop seasons to evaluate soybean yield in relation to distance from the Itaipu reservoir and determine the effect of air temperature and water availability on soybean crop yield. Fifteen experimental sites were distributed in three transects perpendicular to the Itaipu reservoir, covering an area at approximately 10 km from the shoreline. The yield gradient between the site closest to the reservoir and the sites farther away in each transect did not show a consistent trend, but varied as a function of distance, crop season, and cultivar. This finding indicates that the Itaipu reservoir does not affect the yield of soybean plants grown within approximately 10 km from the shoreline. In addition, the variation in yield among the experimental sites was not attributed to thermal conditions because the temperature was similar within transects. However, the crop water availability was responsible for higher differences in yield among the neighboring experimental sites related to water stress caused by spatial variability in rainfall, especially during the soybean reproductive period in January and February.

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEIS

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Pós-graduação em Ciência Florestal - FCA

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

O presente trabalho demonstra por meio da estatística descritiva a situação de faturamento de energia elétrica de uma usina de açúcar e álcool da região de Quatá. Com o intuito de avaliar a utilização da energia elétrica da usina, foram descritos os fatores que interferem no uso da energia elétrica, dados pelo fator de carga (fc) e fator de potência (fp). Nesse trabalho optamos pela estatística descritiva, cujo objetivo básico é o de sintetizar uma série de valores de mesma natureza, permitindo dessa forma que se tenha uma visão global da variação desses valores, organizando e descrevendo os dados de três maneiras: por meio de tabelas, de gráficos e de medidas descritivas. Foi elaborada uma planilha com a média de todos os meses dos anos de 2008 a 2010 a partir dos dados fornecidos pela concessionária de energia elétrica. Foi verificado que a empresa é extremamente eficiente, fato verificado durante estes três anos pela avaliação do fator de potência que geralmente foi 1,0. A empresa foi em média considerada racional, pois seu fator de carga calculado foi avaliado como regular nestes 3 anos.

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)