Care cost for pregnant and parturient women with diabetes and mild hyperglycemia

OBJETIVO: Comparar custos de hospitalização e de atenção ambulatorial em gestantes/parturientes diabéticas e com hiperglicemia leve. MÉTODOS: Estudo observacional, prospectivo, quantitativo descritivo realizado em centro de diabete perinatal em Botucatu, SP, entre 2007 e 2008. Foram estimados os custos por absorção diretos e indiretos disponíveis na instituição e os custos específicos para a doença (medicamentos e exames). As 30 gestantes diabéticas tratadas com dieta foram acompanhadas em ambulatório e 20 tratadas com dieta mais insulina foram hospitalizadas. RESULTADOS: O custo da doença diabete (para a assistência pré-natal e parto) foi de US$ 3,311.84 para as gestantes hospitalizadas e de US$ 1,366.04 para as acompanhadas em ambulatório. CONCLUSÕES: Os custos diretos e indiretos e o custo total da assistência pré-natal foram mais elevados nas gestantes diabéticas hospitalizadas enquanto os custos da assistência ao parto e hospitalização para parto e puerpério foram semelhantes. Os custos da assistência pré-natal como no parto/puerpério foram superiores aos valores pagos pelo Sistema Único de Saúde.

Assessment of risk factors for low bone mineral density in Brazilian postmenopausal women

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Physical disability, recent illnesses and health self-assessment in a population-based study in São Paulo, Brazil

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Clinical assessment of postoperative sensitivity in posterior composite restorations

This incidence of postoperative sensitivity was evaluated in resin-based posterior restorations. Two hundred and ninety-two direct restorations were evaluated in premolars and molars. A total of 143 Class I and 149 Class 11 restorations (MO/OD and MOD) were placed in patients ranging in age from 30 to 50 years. After the cavity preparations were completed, a rubber dam was placed, and the preparations were restored using a total-etch system (Prime & Bond NT) and a resin-based restorative material (TPH Spectrum). The patients were contacted after 24 hours and 7, 30 and 90 days postoperatively and questioned regarding the presence of sensitivity and the stimuli that triggered that sensitivity. The Chi-square and Fisher's Exact Test were used for statistical analysis. Evaluation at 24 hours after restorative treatment revealed statistically significant differences among the types of cavity preparations restored and the occurrence of postoperative sensitivity (p=0.0003), with a higher frequency of sensitivity in Class H MOD restorations (26%), followed by Class II MO/DO (15%) and Class I restorations (5%). At 7, 30 and 90 days after restorative treatment, there was a decrease in the occurrence of sensitivity for all groups. The percentage of sensitivity among the groups was not significantly different. This study shows that the occurrence of sensitivity is correlated with the complexity of the restoration.

A survey of radiographic prescription in dental implant assessment

Objectives: To survey the current radiographic prescriptions in dental implant assessment amongst dentists in Brazil.Methods: Sixty-nine dentists were interviewed during a dental implant meeting by two calibrated graduate students, using a 19-question questionnaire, considering imaging modality options both for pre-operative implant site assessment and for follow-up, particularly with respect to cost, patient radiation dose, and broad coverage of facial bones and teeth. Epi-Info 6.04 software was used to analyse the database file.Results: Approximately 63.8% of the dentists prescribed only panoramic radiography for dental implant assessment and 28.9% ordered panoramic radiography plus periapical radiography and/or conventional tomography and/or computed tomography (CT). Only 7.2% of the dentists ordered conventional tomography or CT as a single examination, although 10.1% ordered it in combination with other imaging modalities. The main reasons given for prescribing panoramic radiography were broad coverage and cost (86.4%).Conclusions: This study has shown that most of the dentists in this study prescribe panoramic radiographs in dental implant assessment based on broad coverage and cost. They are not following the American Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology recommendations regarding cross-sectional imaging.

Comparative assessment of the flow rate of root canal sealers

OBJETIVO: Este estudo avaliou o escoamento do Acroseal, AH Plus, Endomethasone N, Sealapex e ActiV GP de acordo com a especificação ISO 6876/2001. METODOLOGIA: Um volume de 0,05 mL do cimento manipulado de acordo com as recomendações do fabricante foi colocado numa placa de vidro. Aos 180±5 s após o início da espatulação, uma segunda placa de vidro foi colocada sobre o cimento, seguida por um peso de massa de 100 g para fazer um total de 120±2 g. Dez minutos após o começo da manipulação o peso foi removido e o valor do diâmetro do disco de cimento foi mensurado. A média de 3 mensurações para cada cimento foi tomada como o escoamento do material. Os dados foram comparados estatisticamente pelos testes ANOVA e Tukey. RESULTADOS: Os escoamentos obtidos foram: Acroseal 21.,4 mm, AH Plus 22,72 mm, ActiV GP 24,90 mm, Endomethasone N 18,76 mm e Sealapex 25,15 mm. CONCLUSÃO: Apenas o Endomethasone N não se enquadrou na especificação ISO a qual requer que o cimento tenha um diâmetro não inferior a 20 mm. O Sealapex alcançou o melhor escoamento, mas não foi estatisticamente diferente do Activ GP e AH Plus (P>0,05).

Population structure and stock assessment of Hoplias malabaricus (Characiformes: Erythrinidae) caught by artisanal fishermen in river-reservoir transition area in Brazil

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

First assessment of the endoparasitic nematode fauna of four psammophilous species of Tropiduridae (Squamata: Iguania) endemic to north-eastern Brazil

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Risk assessment of cadmium toxicity on hepatic and renal tissues of rats

Pollution and industrial practices result in concentrations of metals and other environmental agents that are related to environmental toxicity. A rat bioassay was utilized for the identification of toxic effects of cadmium intake. This demonstrated increased total urinary proteins and increased kidney weights in rats exposed to CdCl2, for 7 days, in drinking water (100 mg/L). Serum creatinine, total and direct bilirubin concentrations and alanine transaminase activity were increased in Cd-exposed rats, indicating renal and hepatic toxicity. It was also observed that lipoperoxide concentrations were increased, while Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase activity was decreased in rats treated with cadmium. This indicated that the renal and hepatic toxicity induced by cadmium involved superoxide radicals. (C) 1998 Academic Press.

Assessment of Donana National Park contamination in Procambarus clarkii: Integration of conventional biomarkers and proteomic approaches

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

A fish-based biotic integrity index for assessment of lowland streams in southeastern Brazil

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Assessment of the effectiveness of light-emitting diode and diode laser hybrid light sources to intensify dental bleaching treatment

Objective. To evaluate the effectiveness of the color change of hybrid light-emitting diode (LED) and low-intensity infrared diode laser devices for activating dental bleaching and to verify the occurrence of a color regression with time. Material and methods. A total of 180 specimens obtained from human premolars were immersed in a coffee solution for 15 days for darkening and then divided into eight experimental groups (n = 20 in each) as follows: G1, bleaching without light; G2, bleaching with halogen light; G3, bleaching with a blue LED (1000 mW/470 nm) and a laser device (120 mW/795 nm) simultaneously; G4, bleaching with an LED emitting blue light (1000 mW/470 nm); G5, bleaching with a blue LED (800 mW/470 nm) and a laser device (500 mW/830 nm) simultaneously; G6, bleaching with a blue LED device (800 mW); G7, bleaching with a green LED (600 mW/530 nm) and a laser device (120 mW/795 nm) simultaneously; and G8, bleaching with a green LED (600 mW). Three measurements were performed (at baseline and 14 days and 12 months after bleaching) using a Vita Easyshade spectrophotometer. The data were submitted to two-way ANOVA and a Tukey test. Results. All groups showed significantly higher Delta E values than Group G1, with the exception of Group G8. Variations in the Delta E values at 14 days were significant when compared with those obtained at baseline and after 12 months. Conclusions. Light activation of the bleaching gel provided faster and more intense bleaching than use of the bleaching gel without light activation. Combinations of low-intensity diode lasers are ineffective as a bleaching gel activator. Color regression was observed after 12 months of storage.

Assessment of external root temperature during root canal irradiation by Nd:YAG and Er:YAG lasers

Different types of laser have been widely studied for applicability in the oral health area. In the endodontic area, investigations with some types of laser have been conducted to establish safe parameters for clinical application in root canals. However, it has not been duly explained whether the temperature increase caused by laser irradiation could cause alteration in the temperature on the external surface of the root and, consequently, alterations in the cells of the periodontal ligament, causing resorption and even loss of the dental element. The proposal in this paper was to gauge the external root temperature in the apical and cervical regions of the roots of human teeth during root canal irradiation with Nd:yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) and Er:YAG lasers using different parameters. The novel approach of this paper is the use of the technique of laser applications along the total length of the root canal with series of repetitive irradiation, however, using time of 1 s of irradiation associated with 1 s off to avoid cumulative thermal effects. Experimental results confirm the accuracy of the parameters and exposure regimen obtained. All the parameters used in this paper are acceptable from a clinical as well as a biological point of view. (C) 2009 Laser Institute of America.

Assessment of by-products of chlorination and photoelectrocatalytic chlorination of an azo dye

The present work describes a more efficient methodology for the chlorination of water containing disperse dyes, where the chlorinated byproducts identified by mass spectra are compared. this investigation, we tested the degradation of Cl Disperse Blue 291 dye, 2-[(2-Bromo-4,6-dinitrophenyl)azo]-5-(diethylamino)-4-methoxyacetanilide) a commercial azo dye with mutagenic properties. The present work evaluates the photoelectrocatalytic efficiency of removing the Cl Disperse Blue 291 dye from a wastewater of the textile industry. We employed NaCl as a supporting electrolyte. It should be noted that photoelectrocatalytic techniques are non-conventional method of generating chlorine radicals. The by-products formed in this process were analyzed using spectrophotometry, liquid chromatography, dissolved organic carbon, mass spectral analysis and mutagenicity assays. The process efficiency was compared with the conventional chlorination process adopted during sewage and effluents treatment processes. This conventional chlorination process is less efficient in removing color, total organic carbon than the photoelectrochemistry technique. Furthermore, we shall demonstrate that the mutagenicity of the generated by-products obtained using photoelectrocatalysis is completely different from that obtained by the conventional oxidation of chloride ions in the drinking wafer treatment process. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier B.V.

Bioassay assessment of metarhizium anisopliae (metchnikoff) sorokin (deuteromycota: hyphomycetes) against Oncometopia facialis (signoret) (hemiptera: cicadellidae)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)