Efeito do exercício prévio no ciclismo de curta duração

INTRODUÇÃO:O exercício prévio tem importantes implicações na preparação de atletas antes de competições.OBJETIVO:Analisar o efeito de um exercício prévio realizado no domínio pesado no pico de torque (PTORQUE) medido após exercício severo.MÉTODOS:Participaram deste estudo 14 homens ativos (idade: 26 ± 4 anos, VO2max: 44 ± 6 mLO2.min-1.kg-1) que realizaram sete testes em dias diferentes: a) teste progressivo de rampa para determinação do VO2max e da potência pico; b) quatro testes de carga constante para determinação da potência crítica, capacidade de trabalho anaeróbio e potência correspondente ao tempo de exaustão de 3 min (PTLim3min) e; c) dois testes de carga constante de 2 min na PTLim3min seguidos por um sprint all out de 10 s, a fim de medir o PTORQUE. Este último protocolo foi realizado com (EP) e sem (CON) a realização de um exercício prévio pesado.RESULTADOS:O PTORQUE foi significantemente maior após o EP (101 ± 30 Nm) em relação à condição CON (95 ± 23 Nm). O tempo da resposta médio (TRM) do VO2 foi significantemente menor após o EP (24 ± 7 s) em relação à condição CON (32 ± 10 s). A amplitude primária do VO2 aumentou significantemente após o EP (2598 ± 421 mLO2.min-1) em relação à condição CON (2184 ± 246 mLO2.min-1). O déficit de O2 foi significantemente menor após o exercício prévio (980 ± 432 mLO2) em relação à condição CON (1273 ± 398 mLO2). Houve correlação significante entre a variação do déficit de O2 com a do PTORQUE (r = 0,53) e da variação do TRM com a do PTORQUE (r = 0,53).CONCLUSÃO:Pode-se concluir que o PTORQUE é maior após exercício aeróbio de curta duração precedido do EP. Deste modo, esta estratégia pode ser interessante como preparação para algumas competições esportivas.

Avaliação da erodibilidade pelo método Inderbitzen em solo não saturado da região de Bauru - SP

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Civil e Ambiental - FEB

Visuomotor processing and hand force coordination in dyslexic children during a visually guided manipulation task

Developmental Dyslexia negatively affects children's reading and writing ability and, in most cases, performance in sensorimotor tasks. These deficits have been associated with structural and functional alterations in the cerebellum and the posterior parietal cortex (PPC). Both neural structures are active during visually guided force control and in the coordination of load force (LF) and grip force (GF) during manipulation tasks. Surprisingly, both phenomena have not been investigated in dyslexic children. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare dyslexic and non-dyslexic children regarding their visuomotor processing ability and GF-LF coordination during a static manipulation task. Thirteen dyslexic (8-14YO) and 13 age- and sex-matched non-dyslexic (control) children participated in the study. They were asked to grasp a fixed instrumented handle using the tip of all digits and pull the handle upward exerting isometric force to match a ramp-and-hold force profile displayed in a computer monitor. Task performance (i.e., visuomotor coordination) was assessed by RMSE calculated in both ramp and hold phases. GF-LF coordination was assessed by the ratio between GF and LF (GF/LF) calculated at both phases and the maximum value of a cross-correlation function (r(max)) and its respective time lag calculated at ramp phase. The results revealed that the RMSE at both phases was larger in dyslexic than in control children. However, we found that GF/LF, rmax, and time lags were similar between groups. Those findings indicate that dyslexic children have a mild deficit in visuomotor processing but preserved GF-LF coordination. Altogether, these findings suggested that dyslexic children could present mild structural and functional alterations in specific PPC or cerebellum areas that are directly related to visuomotor processing. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Efeito da suplementação de erva mate (Ilex paraguariensis) sobre a capacidade antioxidante total em atletas futebolistas em teste exaustivo em esteira

Introduction: Physical exercise are related to high oxygen consumption, leading to increase on reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and subsequent oxidative stress. Concomitantly, physical training can improve the antioxidant defense systems, reducing the deleterious activity of ROS. The yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) has several bioactive compounds in its composition, providing important antioxidant activity in improving defense systems and reducing the damage caused by ROS. Few studies related to yerba mate with antioxidant effects during exercise. Objective: Evaluate whether the consumption-based drink yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) is able to increase the total antioxidant performance (TAP) after an exhaustive test on a treadmill. Methods: The sample counted with 15 female soccers players from Botucatu-SP female soccer team with a mean age of 22.1 ± 4.2 years. For laboratory tests , it was evaluated: triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and fractions, glucose and gamma-GT were dosed by dry chemistry (Vitros® System, Johnson & Johnson). LDL-cholesterol was obtained by Friedwald formula. Total antioxidant performance (TAP) was obtained by the method of fluorescence assay for the measurement of plasma. Weight, height and body mass index (IMC) were measured, percentage of body fat was obtained by bioeletrical impedance analysis (Biodinâmics, modelo 450, USA). Arterial blood pressure was checked by auscultatory method and cardiorespiratory fitness was determined by ergoespirometric test (Ramp Protocol). Maltodextrin was supplemented (30 g in 400 ml) 30 minutes after M0 with placebo (400 ml) or mate (5 g in 400 ml of water). Statistical analysis: ANOVA for repeated measures followed by Tukey's test set, p<0.05. Results: There was a decrease in the pH after exhaustive testing for water and tea (p<0.0001), the same was observed for bicarbonate (p<0.0001). In both groups pO₂ increased for ...

Efeito do pacing e do exercício prévio na performance aeróbia

The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of prior exercise on different intensity distribution strategies (pacing). The study included five male individuals, apparently healthy, aged between 18 and 25 years, and without regular practice of physical activities. The subjects were tested on different days following the protocols on a cycle ergometer: 1) a progressive ramp test, 2) three constant load tests in the intensities of 85%, 90% and 95% IVO2max to exhaustion, and 3) six tests with and without holding a prior exercise intensity of 70%  with different strategies for Even-intensity pace, ES (401 ± 70 W), which consists of an exercise at a pace and / or constant intensity from beginning to end; where intensity is initially increased to 10% less than the ES progressively increase to reach 10% above the intensity of ES, and; Fast-start; FS, where there is a reversal in the way of distributing intensity, ie the initial intensity is 10% higher than the value of ES decreased progressively to 10% below that ES. All these tests were performed in random order. The tlim with previous exercise was significantly shorter than without previous exercise at FS condition (p < 0.05). The VO2final obtained at ES condition was similar with (3243 ± 599 ml.min-1) and without (3252 ± 384 ml.min-1) previous aerobic exercise (p > 0.05). However, the VO2final obtained at FS condition was higher with (3291 ± 218 ml.min-1) than without (3097 ± 207 ml.min-1) previous aerobic exercise (p < 0.05). The heart rate was higher at ES condition with than without previous aerobic exercise (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in this variable for FS condition with and without previous aerobic exercise (p > 0.05). It can be concluded that the results the previous exercise (70%) achieved lasting 6 minutes followed by 6 minutes of recovery appears to influence / commit ting the conditions during the pacing for this population

Análises tectono-estratigráfica e faciológico-diagenética da coquina-reservatório Lagoa Feia, Campo de Linguado, Bacia de Campos

A tectono-stratigraphic study of bivalve coquina-reservoir of Linguado Field allowed to identify two trends of permoporosity development. The delineation of these depositional-diagenetic traps were made through structural and stratigrafic cross-sections and maps. It resulted in the identification of shelf-ramp systems (tilted to SSE), it tickens from 60 to 70 meters and ends against an antithetic fault. The main coquina is bounded by fine siliciclastic units, white clay (low Gamma Ray values) or shale (high Gamma Ray values) lithologies, influencing diagenesis of basal or top coquina limestones (cimented, non-porous). Also in the middle of coquina-reservoir the “clayer” material is also associated with cemented carbonates, with also compartimentalize the reservoir into two subzones. The coquina porosity of the subzones is taken from density-neutron logs, while induction log estimates permeabilities and fluid saturations. It’s noticed the porosity development into pairs, good one followed by a regular/poor one and vice versa. These pairs form verticals succession, pair cycles where porosity improves or decreases upwards. These two scales of pore heterogeneity impose strong layering to the reservoir, and influences fluid saturations, oil-water contacts and porosity cut-offs. In a cross-section with density and induction logs, it can be observed the porosity variation along the shelf-ramp coquina (between 3LI_0004_RJS e 3RJS_0157C_RJ), the porosity is better developed in a downdip direction in the case of the two shelf wells, and also be the three ramp wells. The southern west downdip, 3RJS_0157C_RJ well, has best porosity pairs-cycles; however, its lowest structural conditions favour water saturation. Therefore it is fundamental for reservoir fluid evaluation a cross-plot analysis of RHOB-NPHI and Induction logs

Power quality, smart meters and additional information from different power terms

This paper shows how the detailed examination of active and nonactive power components may produce new information for modern smart meters. For this purpose, a prototype of electronic power meter has been implemented and applied to the evaluation of the Conservative Power Theory (CPT). Considering five sorts of loads, under four different operating conditions, the experimental results indicate that the CPT is able to provide a good methodology for load characterization, which could possibly benefits consumers and power utilities in several different ways. The results also show that depending on the situation, the analysis of nonactive power terms may be more important than the observation of traditional power quality indices, such as total harmonic distortion, unbalance factors or the fundamental positive sequence power factor.

Flashover phenomenon: an analysis with influence of the thickness of the layer pollution of the high voltage polluted insulators

Results of the analysis of dynamic behavior of flashover phenomenon on the high voltage-polluted insulators are presented. These results were taken from a mathematical and an experimental model that introduce the variable thickness influence of the layer pollution deposited on the high-voltage insulator surface. Analysis of the flashover was done by way of introducing a variation in the thickness of the channel of Obenaus' model, simulating a layer pollution of variable thickness. The objective was to obtain a better reproduction of the real layer pollution deposited on the insulator that works in the polluted regions. Two types of thickness variations were used: a sudden variation, using a step; and a soft variation, using a ramp; that were put along the way of the discharge. Comparison between the mathematical and experimental models showed that introduction of a ramp makes Obenaus' model more efficient in analyzing behavior of flashover phenomenon.

Maximal power output during incremental cycling test is dependent on the curvature constant of the power-time relationship

The aim of this study was to investigate whether the maximal power output (Pmax) during an incremental test was dependent on the curvature constant (W') of the power-time relationship. Thirty healthy male subjects (maximal oxygen uptake = 3.58 ± 0.40 L·min(-1)) performed a ramp incremental cycling test to determine the maximal oxygen uptake and Pmax, and 4 constant work rate tests to exhaustion to estimate 2 parameters from the modeling of the power-time relationship (i.e., critical power (CP) and W'). Afterwards, the participants were ranked according to their magnitude of W'. The median third was excluded to form a high W' group (HIGH, n = 10), and a low W' group (LOW, n = 10). Maximal oxygen uptake (3.84 ± 0.50 vs. 3.49 ± 0.37 L·min(-1)) and CP (213 ± 22 vs. 200 ± 29 W) were not significantly different between HIGH and LOW, respectively. However, Pmax was significantly greater for the HIGH (337 ± 23 W) than for the LOW (299 ± 40 W). Thus, in physically active individuals with similar aerobic parameters, W' influences the Pmax during incremental testing.

Modelo deposicional de carbonatos albianos da Formação Quissamã: análise faciológica, diagenética e estratigráfica de um campo de óleo na porção meridional da Bacia de Campos

Pós-graduação em Geologia Regional - IGCE

Fatores de risco associados às perdas quantitativas e econômicas ocorridas no manejo pré-abate de suínos

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Deposição e danos mecânicos em sementes de sorgo utilizando um mecanismo dosador de fluxo contínuo em ensaio de bancada

This study aimed to evaluate the behavior of the deposition and mechanical damage in seeds using a continuous flow metering system under different slope and speed. Part of the study was conducted at Agricultural Research Foundation Agricultural - (FAPA), where seeds that are deposited by a metering system were collected, and the quality analysis verifying the percentage of mechanical damage were conducted at the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, UNESP, city of Botucatu– SP. The mechanism deposition was subjected to three different speed conditions (4,7, and 10 km.h-1) and three differents working slopes, ( 3%, 8%, and 16%). The results were submitted to Tukey test (p ≤ 0.05), and an analysis of variance with F test at 5% significance level was performed. The results showed an interaction between the factor slope and speed of work, increasing the metering mechanism speed, results in a reduction of the seed deposition at a 3% slope but a working speed of 10 km h-1did not reduce the rate of seed deposition until the slope reaches 16%. Both the slope factor and the working speed caused at least 3.9 and 4.2% more damage to the seeds, respectively.

Avaliação dos modelos de predição da erosão hídrica MEUPS e WEPP: contribuição em bacias hidrográficas

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)