Determina����o de metais em ��gua produzida de petróleo

In order to enable the reuse of the large surplus volume of petroleum produced water for irrigation of crops inedible, the quality evaluation of this water is very important. This work aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the diffusive gradient in thin films technique (DGT) for the determination of labile Cu (II), Mn (II) and Zn (II) in petroleum produced water destined to reuse in agriculture. Samples were collected at the exit of the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) (after separation oil/water and flotation) of a Petrobr��s onshore production region. Basically, the laboratory experiments with DGT devices involved the evaluation of the behavior of the main variables of the technique for determination of analytes in the samples (diffusion coefficients, immersion time, fractionation of organic and inorganic species, and performance of diffusion gels with different porosities, among others). Also, experiments were conducted based on the solid phase extraction (SPE) protocol with Chelex- 100 resin using previously established protocols to support the study. During the project the possibility of in situ immersions in water treatment plants was evaluated. The DGT technique presented satisfactory results for determination of Mn in produced water, and can be used for in situ determinations. However, the results obtained for Cu and Zn show the need of additional studies

Compara����o de comp��sitos obtidos via RTM de resina ep��xi e fibra de carbono com e sem descontinuidade nos tecidos

Technology is growing interest in the use of composites, due to the requirement of lighter materials and more resistant, factors essential to meet the project specifications and reduce the operational cost. In the production of high performance structural composites, considering the aerospace criteria, the domestic industry has shown interest in the process of resin transfer molding (RTM) for reproducibility and low cost. This process is suitable for producing components of polymeric composites with relatively simple geometries, consistent thicknesses, high quality finish with no size limitations. The objective of this work was machined carbon steel to make a matched-die tooling for RTM and produce two composite plates of epoxy resin and carbon fiber fabric with and without induced discontinuities, which were compared towards their impregnation with ultrasound, their properties via tensile tests and thermal analysis. In ultrasonic inspection, it was found good impregnation of the preform of both composites. In the thermal analysis it was possible to check the degradation temperature of the composites, the glass transition temperature and it was found that the composites showed no effective cure cycles, but presented good performance in the tensile test when compared with aluminum alloy 7050 T7451 . The results showed that the injection strategy was appropriate since the laminate exhibited a good quality for the proposed application

Avalia����o da toxicidade sobre Ceriodaphnia dubia das ��guas dos rios Atibaia, Jaguari e efluente tratado de refinaria de petróleo

Ensuring availability of quality water for human consumption causes becomes an increasing number of studies for the analysis of effluent before and after treatment, so that its release into receiving bodies do not cause significant changes in the river water and on the biological communities related to them. The biomarkers of toxicity have long been used to verify the potential toxic effluent and its correlation with the treatment efficiency of them. In this context, the cladoceran Ceriodaphnia dubia stands out because it is a benthic aquatic organism highly sensitive to environmental changes. In this study, to evaluate the interference of the release of treated wastewater of oil refinery in Rio Atibaia, we sought to determine the toxicity on population dynamics of Ceriodaphnia dubia microcrustacean in water samples upstream and downstream from the launch site, compared with samples from Rio Jaguar�� at the point of capture by the company itself and treated effluent. We have studied the number of offspring produced in 10 replicates, each starting with a test individual of up to 24 hours for each sample and correlated the results with physical-chemical and microbiological tests performed by a laboratory technician. For most tests, the results indicate that the treated effluent gives sub-lethal toxicity to the microcrustacean, as delay the onset of the reproductive cycle of the same

Caracteriza����o da sensibilidade ambiental da Baixada Santista no estado de S��o Paulo

This study aimed to perform the analysis and characterization of environmental sensitivity to oil from Baixada Santista in the State of S��o Paulo. The work was done by integrating data of physical environmet, socio-economic activities and the biological / ecological provided by the Research Group on Environmental Sensitivity to Oil Spill in the Institute of Geosciences and Exact Sciences of UNESP ���Julio de Mesquita Filho��� wich works in the conjunction with the Program of Human Resources Training in Geosciences and Environmental Sciences Applied to the Oil and Gas (PRH-05) of the National Petroleum Agency (ANP). Were also performed descriptive statistical analysis, based on dispersion and trend parameters, which allowed to answer questions related to environmental sensitivity index (ISL) prevalence, the predominance of the ISL by environment and the predominance of the environments of the area, thus providing an overview of Baixada Santista���s main towns about sensitivity to oil. Analyses performed in this study may also help mitigate the environmental and socioeconomic impacts and contribute to contingency plans development for Baixada Santista

Estudo do comportamento em fadiga de um tubo de a��o API 5CT soldado por resist��ncia el��trica

The oil extraction in deep waters sparked new areas of knowledge, the creation of engineering courses dedicated just to these processes and a wide field of analysisvoiding multiple impacts in case of faults, mainly the economic and environmental. This paper aims to show on the effects and causes of fatigue failure in steel tubes used for oil and gastransportation (linepipe), mainly caused by vortex induced vibrations, or VIV. To make this, through laboratory tests, it found trough the curve Stress versus Number of Cycles, and thus estimating that with a stress value of 350 MPa or less, the fatigue life cycle of the API 5CT T95 (1% Cr) pipe is estimated infinite. It could conclude that the analyzed material has good fatigue failure resistance for offshore use, taking into account only the influence of VIV's, since there are no stress concentrators

Evolu����o tect��nica do Trend Badejo-Linguado-Pampo, bacia de Campos (RJ)

The regional geological work for the oil industry, in order to find potential areas for hydrocarbon exploration and understand the geological parameters responsible for the formation of the deposit are known importance. This work fits into that scenario, with regional research with the aid of wells and 2D and 3D seismic sold by DBEP (Database Exploration and Production). Were also used as GeoGraphix software package Landmarks modules Prizm and SeisWork 2D and 3D, and the Surfer 8 and ArcGIS 9.2 with the infrastructure provided by the 05 PRH - ANP with LSGI (Laboratory of Seismic and Geological Interpretation) located at UNESP -- Campus de Rio Claro. The work focuses on study the trend of oil-Badejo-Linguado-Pampo, producing fields since the beginning of offshore holdings. The Campos Basin is now known as the offshore basin of the country more productive, and the high structural Badejo is a structure of great importance in the basin presents itself as largely responsible for the conditioning of hydrocarbon fields Pampo, Linguado and Badejo. Therefore this work also aims to increase knowledge of the region in terms of tectonic and stratigraphic characterize the geometry of the structures associated with this major regional structure. For this we used structural contour maps of the main chrono-horizons, and Isopach maps for the purpose of better understanding the tectono-sedimentary evolution of the Campos Basin locally.

Avalia����o da atenua����o da toxicidade de lodo de esgoto por associa����o com res��duo vegetal da indústria sucro-alcooleira

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient��fico e Tecnol��gico (CNPq)

Estudo do comportamento em fadiga de um tubo de a��o microligado, grau API 5L X70

This work focuses on a study on the fatigue behavior of a microalloyed steel API 5L X70, used in pipes lines to transport oil and gas. These types of steels have excellent mechanical resistance values and ductility and therefore increased their study driven by increased demand for oil and especially natural gas, which consequently raises the need to build new pipelines to transport these products. The oil extraction units, composed of the risers (pipelines connecting the oil well to the ship), are dimensioned to remain installed for periods of 20 to 30 years in the marine environment, a hostile environment for high pressure, corrosion, low temperatures and the stresses caused by the movement of water and tides. For analysis, the S-N (stress versus number of cycles) curves were obtained from data collected from bodies-of-proof cylindrical longitudinal, transverse and that one removed from the weld area of the pipe, tested in accordance with ASTM E466. Tensile tests were performed for characterizing the mechanical properties of the samples and welded joints, concluded that the values meet the specifications of the standard API 5L. To characterize microstructural material, also metallographic analysis was made of regions of the base metal and the HAZ. The results of fatigue tests demonstrated a higher life for the specimens removed from the longitudinal direction the pipe, followed by those in the transverse direction and, finally, the welded joint. The origins of the fatigue cracks were determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM)

Uso da avalia����o do ciclo de vida para a determina����o na redu����o de emiss��es de gases do efeito estufa e do consumo de energia associados a reciclagem de EPS

P��s-gradua����o em Engenharia Mec��nica - FEG

A����es e percep����es ambientais articuladas na sustentabilidade: estudos de m��ltiplos casos na indústria cal��adista

Funda����o de Amparo �� Pesquisa do Estado de S��o Paulo (FAPESP)

Gerenciamento de Big Data em plantas industriais

Nowadays the companies generate great amount of data from different sources, however some of them produce more data than they can analyze. Big Data is a set of data that grows very fast, collected several times during a short period of time. This work focus on the importance of the correct management of Big Data in an industrial plant. Through a case study based on a company that belongs to the pulp and paper area, the problems resolutions are going to be presented with the usage of appropriate data management. In the final chapters, the results achieved by the company are discussed, showing how the correct choice of data to be monitored and analyzed brought benefits to the company, also best practices will be recommended for the Big Data management

Normas jur��dicas para a restaura����o ecol��gica: uma barreira a mais a dificultar o ��xito das iniciativas?

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient��fico e Tecnol��gico (CNPq)

Capacidade, dota����o, talento, habilidades: uma sondagem da conceitua����o pelo ide��rio dos educadores

Embora o escopo deste trabalho seja de origem te��rica, relata um estudo explorat��rio que busca situar a base de conceitua����o em Educa����o Especial para alunos Dotados e Talentosos, no Brasil, captando as defini����es compreendidas por profissionais da educa����o pela sondagem de sua opini��o sobre que termos e express��es s��o usados, com que significados e em que situa����es. Os sujeitos inclu��am 80 educadores interessados ou envolvidos na ��rea (Grupo A) e 107 professores da rede p��blica no interior de S��o Paulo (Grupo B). H�� poucas diferen��as de opini��o entre os sujeitos, nos dois grupos, com algumas exce����es, principalente em quest��es relacionadas a n��vel de conhecimento e familiaridade com referencial te��rico. Ambos os grupos indicam conceitua����o confusa, notadamente para os termos oficiais, superdota����o e altas-habilidades; a maior carga de rejei����o e exploração na m��dia �� alocada a superdota����o. Os conceitos alta capacidade, alto desempenho e dota����o s��o definidos em conson��ncia com o referencial b��sico, que diferencia capacidade natural de capacidade adquirida; Talento reflete a ambiguidade encontrada na ��rea, referindo-se, ao mesmo tempo, a capacidade natural e capacidade adquirida.

Modelo de refer��ncia para estruturar o Seis Sigma nas organiza����es

Este artigo apresenta o modelo de refer��ncia para estruturar o Seis Sigma, o qual �� resultante da incorpora����o de teorias que contribuem para aumentar o potencial estrat��gico do Seis Sigma no sentido de incrementar o desempenho organizacional. em sua proposta, o modelo de refer��ncia engloba um direcionamento sobre certos requisitos primordiais para o sucesso do programa Seis Sigma. A base te��rica de sustenta����o do modelo de refer��ncia foi constru��da a partir de estudos sobre a influ��ncia dos seguintes fatores: orienta����o estrat��gica e alinhamento estrat��gico; medi����o e gerenciamento do desempenho organizacional; uso de estat��stica (pensamento estat��stico); capacita����o/especializa����o de pessoas; implementa����o e gerenciamento de projetos; e uso de tecnologia de informa����o. Complementando a proposi����o do modelo, o artigo traz evid��ncias emp��ricas acerca da contribui����o dos fatores identificados na formula����o do modelo de refer��ncia, expondo resultados decorrentes de estudos de caso realizados em quatro subsidi��rias brasileiras de multinacionais de grande porte. A an��lise dos dados forneceu evid��ncias positivas de que os fatores mencionados influenciam de forma efetiva o sucesso e a consolida����o do Seis Sigma nas empresas estudadas.

Mercado de carbono: um estudo comparado entre Brasil, China e ��ndia

Coordena����o de Aperfei��oamento de Pessoal de N��vel Superior (CAPES)