Perfil do estilo de vida e conhecimento dos fatores de risco para doenças e agravos não transmissíveis em praticantes de atividade física em UBS de Rio Claro

Introdução: As Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis (DANTS) são um grupo de enfermidades cujo processo de instalação no organismo geralmente se inicia com alterações, a prevenção dessas afecções tem sido um grande desafio para a saúde pública. As principais DANTS são: câncer, doenças do coração (angina e infarto do miocárdio), doenças do pulmão (como enfisema, bronquite e asma), doenças da circulação como acidente vascular cerebral e hipertensão arterial, doenças metabólicas como diabetes, hipercolesterolemia, a obesidade, relacionadas com condições de vida (como o estresse, depressão e ansiedade). Existem inúmeros Fatores de Risco (FR) relacionados a estes tipos de doenças, cuja remoção, ou atenuação, pode contribuir para o declínio da mortalidade.Objetivo: Associar comportamentos e conhecimentos de FR para doenças e agravos não transmissíveis de mulheres praticantes de AF através do projeto Saúde Ativa Rio Claro, este visa desenvolver e difundir práticas de intervenção cientificamente orientadas que incorporem a AF como parte integrante de um hábito de vida saudável para todas as pessoas. Metodologia: Participaram do estudo 100 mulheres, com idade média de 57,7((± 13,1), foram aplicados dois questionários, sendo o primeiro sobre conhecimento de FR para DANTS e o segundo avaliou comportamentos relacionados ao estilo de vida: nível de AF, consumo de álcool, dieta, taxa de colesterol, nível de estresse, tabagismo.Resultados e Discussão: Não houve associação entre conhecimento e comportamento, o conhecimento isoladamente não foi suficiente para promover modificações no comportamento das pessoas. A analise estatística utilizada foi o Qui Quadrado (x²) de 1 grau de liberdade e com nível de significância de p= 0,05. Conclusão: Um grupo de pessoas pode conhecer os benefícios de um comportamento e não ter tempo ou recursos suficientes...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

Frequency and clinical predictors of coronary artery disease in chronic renal failure renal transplant candidates

Background/aims: Cardiovascular diseases are major causes of mortality in chronic renal failure patients before and after renal transplantation. Among them, coronary disease presents a particular risk; however, risk predictors have been used to diagnose coronary heart disease. This study evaluated the frequency and importance of clinical predictors of coronary artery disease in chronic renal failure patients undergoing dialysis who were renal transplant candidates, and assessed a previously developed scoring system. Methods: Coronary angiographies conducted between March 2008 and April 2013 from 99 candidates for renal transplantation from two transplant centers in Sao Paulo state were analyzed for associations between significant coronary artery diseases (>= 70% stenosis in one or more epicardial coronary arteries or >= 50% in the left main coronary artery) and clinical parameters. Results: Univariate logistic regression analysis identified diabetes, angina, and/or previous infarction, clinical peripheral arterial disease and dyslipidemia as predictors of coronary artery disease. Multiple logistic regression analysis identified only diabetes and angina and/or previous infarction as independent predictors. Conclusion: The results corroborate previous studies demonstrating the importance of these factors when selecting patients for coronary angiography in clinical pretransplant evaluation.

Association of a Large Panel of Cytokine Gene Polymorphisms with Complications and Comorbidities in Type 2 Diabetes Patients

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Impacto do controle glicêmico sobre as complicações associadas ao diabetes mellitus na osseointegração

The increased prevalence of diabetic individuals has become a public health problem. Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by an increase in plasma glucose levels. It impairs the physiological equilibrium in utilization of carbohydrate by tissues. The persistent hyperglycemia can produce deleterious effects on bone formation due the microvascular complication. The present paper reviews the bibliography linking the impact of glycemic control at complications associated at diabetes mellitus on osseointegration. In experimental models of diabetes it was observed a reduced level of bone-implant contact. This failure can be reduced by means of hyperglycemia control. Also, several studies point the beneficial effect of coated implant on osseointegration process. It is necessary to take special care into account for the placement of implants in diabetic patient and improve the percentages of implant survival. A rigorous control of plasma glycaemia, together with other measures, like as absence of chronic complications, good oral hygiene and regular medical follow-up has been related to rising the percentages of successful in diabetic patients.

Impacto de diferentes métodos de avaliação da obesidade abdominal após síndromes coronarianas agudas

Background: Abdominal obesity is an important cardiovascular risk factor. Therefore, identifying the best method for measuring waist circumference (WC) is a priority. Objective: To evaluate the eight methods of measuring WC in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) as a predictor of cardiovascular complications during hospitalization. Methods: Prospective study of patients with ACS. The measurement of WC was performed by eight known methods: midpoint between the last rib and the iliac crest (1), point of minimum circumference (2); immediately above the iliac crest (3), umbilicus (4), one inch above the umbilicus (5), one centimeter above the umbilicus (6), smallest rib and (7) the point of greatest circumference around the waist (8). Complications included: angina, arrhythmia, heart failure, cardiogenic shock, hypotension, pericarditis and death. Logistic regression tests were used for predictive factors. Results: A total of 55 patients were evaluated. During the hospitalization period, which corresponded on average to seven days, 37 (67%) patients had complications, with the exception of death, which was not observed in any of the cases. Of these complications, the only one that was associated with WC was angina, and with every cm of WC increase, the risk for angina increased from 7.5 to 9.9%, depending on the measurement site. It is noteworthy the fact that there was no difference between the different methods of measuring WC as a predictor of angina. Conclusion: The eight methods of measuring WC are also predictors of recurrent angina after acute coronary syndromes. Key words: Evaluation; Acute Coronary Syndrome; Abdominal Circumference