Aspectos estruturais da membrana eritrocitária

This article describes the structures and functions of the erythrocyte membrane and its importance in transfusional medicine. The erythrocyte membrane is one of the best known membranes in terms of structure, function and genetic disorders. As any other plasma membrane, it mediates transport functions. It also provides the erythrocytes with their resilience and deformability. According to the International Society of Blood Transfusion (ISBT), more than 500 antigens are expressed in the erythrocyte membrane, and around 270 are involved in transfusion reaction cases and hemolytic diseases of the fetus and newborn. In the ISBT classification, the high frequency series is represented by antigens in more than 99% of population (high prevalence antigen). In transfusion, the absence of these antigens determines severe problems as for example, one woman without the P antigen suffered 6 repetitive miscarriages due to placental insufficiency, which was caused by an antibody formed against the absent P antigen. Some important erythrocyte membrane proteins are described here including Band 3, Glycophorins and spectrin. The most abundant integral membrane protein is Band 3 and its main function is to mediate exchange of chloride and bicarbonate anions across the plasma membrane. The second most abundant integral membrane protein in the human erythrocyte is sialoglycoprotein glycophorin A (GPA). With its high sialic acid content, GPA is the main contributor to the net negative cell-surface charge and is thus critical for minimizing cell-cell interactions and preventing red cell aggregation. Glycophorin C (GPC) is the receptor for PfEBP-2 (baebl, EBA-140), the newly identified erythrocyte binding ligand of Plasmodium falciparum. The ternary complex of spectrin, actin and 4.1R defines the nodes of the erythrocyte membrane skeletal network, and is inseparable from membrane stability when under mechanical stress. This erythrocyte membrane review is important for a better understanding of transfusion reactions, where the antibody formation against high prevalence antigens makes compatible transfusions difficult. The study of antigen diversity and biochemical characterization of different proteins will contribute to healthcare, as well as diagnosis, development of technology such as monoclonal antibody production and the therapeutic conduct of many diseases.

Estudio digital radiográfico y densitométrico en mandíbulas de cerdos sometidos a osteotomía con alta y baja velocidad, con refrigeración líquida

The influence of the type of rotary cutting instrument on bone repair after osteotomy in swine jaw, was evaluated using digital and densitometric radiographic examinations, at controlled times. Two cross-sectional dissections were made through the base of the right jaw, one using a high speed rotary instrument and the other using low speed, both with liquid cooling. After established periods the animals were sacrificed and their jaws removed for direct and indirect digital radiographic and densitometric studies using the CROMOX, DIGORA and ODR systems. In the initial periods (7 and 28 days) the bone density was higher in osteotomy areas performed with high rotation speeds, and in the final periods (60 and 90 days) the bone density was higher in the osteotomies performed with low rotation, indicating a better final bone repair with the use of low rotation. The qualitative analysis of the repair process was made by the ODR system which obtained three-dimensional and coloured digital images, which enable the bone thickness to be measured using an aluminium wedge. This showed that by twenty-eight days the bone repair was already apparently complete. © 2010 SECOM.

Estudio histológico comparativo de la reparación ósea entre hueso alveolar y extra-alveolar en los cerdos sometidos a osteotomía con alta y baja velocidad, con refrigeración líquida

Taking into account the bone repair process in pigs has shown a greater similarity among the histological variables studied compared to other biological models, the present study has as its aim to evaluate the histological bone repair process of osteotomy performed on alveolar and extra-alveolar bones, using drilling tools with liquid refrigeration. Material and method: Eighteen Large White pigs weighing between 20 and 25 Kg were divided into three groups of six animals in order to evaluate the osteotomy repairs with low and high speed in the alveolar bone and threes in the extra-alveolar area, study periods of 7, 14 and 28 days. Results: It was observed that in the alveolar bone at the postoperative times of 14 and 28 days, the best repair results were in the osteotomy performed with low speed, while in the 7 day postoperative period, the results with high speed were slightly better, in alveolar areas as well as extra-alveolar areas. There no statistically significant differences between the alveolar and extra-alveolar bone repair process. Conclusions: The repair process, by means of microscopic analysis in the alveolar and extra-alveolar areas, are similar with better results observed in osteotomies performed with low speed drills in the 14 and 28 day study periods, and at 7 days postoperative the results with high speed drills and refrigeration were slightly better. Research works using pigs as an animal model are perfectly viable. © 2011 SECOM.

Aspectos clínicos do enxerto conjuntival 360° e do implante da membrana amniótica criopreservada no tratamento de úlceras de córnea em cães

To evaluate the clinical application of implant of the canine cryopreserved amniotic membrane (DMEM plus DMSO 1:1) and 360° conjunctival flap in the treatment of progressive corneal ulceration. 10 dogs of the different breeds, males and females, aging four months to four years old with deep corneal ulceration and different clinical progression were divided in two groups: G1=360° conjunctival graft (n=5) and G2=implant of amniotic membrane, sutured at the edge of the ulcer with epithelial side facing up, associated with the third eyelid flap (n=5). The comparative analysis between groups was: complications, blepharospasm, ocular secretion, corneal vascularization, epithelial defect and corneal opacification in six moments (first emergency care, surgery and 3, 7, 15 and 30 days of postoperative). Without epithelial defect was evaluated quality of the scar. It was used score scale for subjective to qualify of the ocular signs. In G1, it was observed the non-adherence of the conjunctival graft to the ulcer (n=2), dehiscence of the suture (n=2), anterior synechia (n=2) and intense chemosis (n=1). In G2, it was not observed these complications. It was not significant difference between the groups to others ocular parameters, but it was different among the start and end moments of the same groups (ocular secretion, corneal vascularization, epithelial defect). The corneal opacity was more intense in G1. According to the clinical results, the cryopreserved amniotic membrane implant proved to be as effective in the corneal ulceration in comparison to the 360° conjunctival flap, because probably, the membrane promoted a trophic support for epithelialization, anti-inflamatory effect associated with important to the end result phenotype.

Produção de glicose e frutose por invertase de Saccharomyces cerevisiae imobilizada em suporte MANAE-agarose

Invertase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae was immobilized on agarose beads, activated with various groups (glyoxyl, MANAE or glutaraldehyde), and on some commercial epoxy supports (Eupergit and Sepabeads). Very active and stable invertase derivatives were produced by the adsorption of the enzyme on MANAE-agarose, MANAE-agarose treated with glutaraldhyde and glutaraldehyde-agarose supports. At pH 5.0, these derivatives retained full activity after 24h at 40°C and 50 °C. When assayed at 40°C and 50°C, with the pH adjusted to 7.0, the invertase-MANAE-agarose derivative treated with glutaraldehyde retained 80% of the initial activity. Recovered activities of the derivatives produced with MANAE, MANAE treated with glutaraldehyde and glutaraldehyde alone were 73.5%, 44.4% and 36.8%, respectively. These three preparations were successfully employed to produce glucose and fructose in 3 cycles of sucrose hydrolysis.

Suscetibilidade magnética do solo e estimação da capacidade de suporte à aplicação de vinhaça

The objective of this work was to evaluate the magnetic susceptibility efficiency for estimating the support capacity of areas for vinasse application. Two hundred forty-one soil samples were collected from a 380-ha area, on which soil chemical properties, clay content, and magnetic susceptibility were determined. Vinasse requirement was calculated for each sample. Data were subjected to descriptive statistical analysis, and regression models were developed between magnetic susceptibility and the other evaluated attributes. The analysis of data spatial dependence was performed using geostatistics. Kriging maps and cross variograms were built in order to investigate the spatial correlation between soil magnetic susceptibility and studied attributes. Based on the map of vinasse requirement, on the soil classes, and on the kriging map, calculations were done for average vinasse dose and average soil support capacity, weighted by the area. Magnetic susceptibility has significant linear spatial correlation with recommended vinasse doses and soil support capacity for the application of this effluent, and it can be used as a pedotransfer function for indirect quantification of soil support capacity.

Suporte à elaboração de plano diretor com ênfase na aplicação de instrumento urbanístico do estatuto da cidade. Estudo de caso: Bastos-SP

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Artemídia [D]eficiente visual: processos e procedimentos artísticos aplicados ao corpo como suporte das percepções e sensações

Pós-graduação em Artes - IA

Análise do suporte de reativos em um sistema elétrico de potência com link HVDC

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Análise histológica e morfométrica de área cruenta tratada com membrana de silicone: estudo em rato

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

O andar de pacientes hemiplégicos no solo e na esteira com suporte total e parcial de peso

Pós-graduação em Ciências da Motricidade - IBRC

Identificação dos ângulos do tornozelo do membro de suporte, distância entre o pé de apoio e a bola e velocidade de saída da bola em cobranças de pênalti no futebol

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Estudos dos efeitos de carga e da hidrofobicidade na interação de peptídeos antimicrobianos e membranas modelo

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Efeito das interações peptídeo-peptídeo e peptídeo-membrana nas atividades funcionais de toxinas peptídicas do veneno da vespa social Agelaia pallipes pallipes (Hymenoptera, Vespidae)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Proteção de bovinos contra Haemonchus placei e Haemonchus contortus após imunização com antígenos oriundos da membrana intestinal de H. contortus

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)