Análise ambiental simplificada no entorno de águas superficiais na bacia do rio Corumbataí (SP)

The basin of the Corumbataí river is of vital importance to over 600 thousand people, who depend on its waters for consumption. The Simplified Analisys of Environmental Impacts in the Areas Surrounding the Surface Waters of the Drainage Basin of the Corumbataí River (SP) is aimed at defining the areas which are most susceptible to degradation or already damaged and propose engineering solutions according to the environmental problems identified. Using a questionnaire to indicate possible impacts in the surroundings, I related human actions to these damage and quantified them. Having studied the basin extensively and selected 42 areas - generically identified as points and grouped as sub-basins and according to the soil usage -, I was able to identify the main environmental impacts in the basin as: sugar cane monoculture, lack of riparian forest, damaged areas due to mining, the bad state of rural roads and bridges, rubbish disposal alongside roads or directly into the river, accelerated and unplanned expansion of residential and industrial areas into the rural areas and river sources, and Rio Claro's untreated city wastewater

Dutovias: aspectos gerais e a questão ambiental na definição de trajetos terrestres

Taking into account the consistent and important expansion of the Brazilian oil and gas pipelines network in the last years, this work discusses how these lines are planned regarding the continental environmental context. Its central objective is to show how studies to select alternative lines are made before a gas or oil pipeline is installed. These studies help to choose routes in which the environment is less affected by the pipeline, and use specific methods, technologies, and tools. Bibliographical studies combined with interviews and discussions with experts of the oil and gas sector were used to support this monograph.

Diagnóstico e proposição de subsídios para a elaboração de plano de gestão ambiental: estudo de caso de um abatedouro avícola

In view of the current environmental concerns and legal requirements, this work aims to achieve a diagnosis and offer subsidies for development of an environmental management plan in an industry. The industry considered to be a subject of study of this research is the aviculture, considered its great importance in Brazil and to present a significant environmental impact. The unit of analysis is a chicken slaughterhouse, located in Rio Claro, SP. The developed methodology for identification and analysis of environmental significative aspects were based in the concepts of environmental impact and in the ABNT NBR ISO 14.001:2004. From the analysis of selected aspects, this research proposed several environmental indicators for the company and identified points of environmental improvement. The results of this study provide methods for identifying its environmental aspects and development of its environmental management plan to chicken slaughterhouse and also to other companies.

Análise das possibilidades de integração entre programas ambientais de usinas hidrelétricas e sistemas de gestão ambiental

A avaliação de impacto ambiental tem sido muitas vezes, vista apenas como um procedimento burocrático para a obtenção da licença ambiental, desconsiderando os estudos realizados, após a aquisição da licença e contratando outros serviços para orientar a adoção de um sistema de gestão objetivando boas práticas ambientais. Porém sabe-se que a estrutura geral das metodologias de avaliação de impacto ambiental apresenta muitos pontos semelhantes se comparada à identificação dos aspectos e impactos ambientais de um sistema de gestão ambiental, o que indica uma interface entre os dois instrumentos apesar da execução integrada ainda não ser um procedimento comum na gestão ambiental de empreendimentos. Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho objetivou analisar as possibilidades do emprego de um sistema de gestão ambiental preconizado pela ISQ 14001 para o gerenciamento de programas ambientais decorrentes de processos de avaliação de impacto ambiental e de licenciamento ambiental de usinas hidrelétricas, através do foco específico naqueles progrmas relacionados diretamente com o monitoramento e o controle da qualidade e da qualidade da água do reservatório, que é um fator essencial para a função de produção de um empreendimento hidrelétrico. Para esta análise, utilizou-se o caso da usina hidrelétrica de Santo Antônio, identificando 9 programas ambientais decorrentes de processos de avaliação de impacto ambiental com grandes possibilidades de serem utilizados na estruturação de sistemas de gestão ambiental de usinas hidrelétricas e cuja adequada execução, corrobora com a integração entre os respectivos instrumentos além de corresponder à necessidade de compatibilização dos instrumentos de política ambiental na busca de um desenvolvimento com adequada proteção ambiental e de uma atuação mais consciente das organizações

Análise ambiental em um canteiro de obras

The building sector can cause the environmental degradation, by the natural resources consumption, machinery use and natural landscape modifying. The environmental management system (EMS) improves the environmental quality and makes the companies more competitive. So, this work developed an environmental management system in a building site focused on the solid waste and in the development of mitigation proposals for the most significant environmental impacts. To develop this work it was necessary to follow the building site activities; evaluate the solid waste management; identify the law requirements; identify the environmental aspects and impacts; evaluate the environmental impacts; and propose alternatives for mitigating the adverse environmental critical impacts. The main proposals are the reduction of the waste generation in the place that it’s generated; the reuse and correct final disposal of that wastes; the treatment and reuse of the effluent; and the supervising in the trucks and machineries avoiding the oil spilling and the air pollution

Avaliação ambiental em empresas do distrito industrial Antônio Crepaldi, Presidente Prudente/SP

The sustainable development is the center of many discussions about the environment, economy and society. Environmental issues bring out problems with the fauna and flora, water resources, land use, population growth, residues, basic sanitation, and others. In this sense, the aim of the present work was to develop an environmental diagnostics and propose measures to mitigate the most significant environmental impacts generated by four enterprises in Antonio Crepaldi Industrial District, located at the city of Presidente Prudente/SP. In the study, it was used the methodology proposed by Moreira (2006), and it was done the following activities: monitoring and analyses of the production process, identification of potential environmental aspects and impacts; assessment of the impacts according to its nature, relevance and significance; proposition of measures to mitigate the critical impacts. As a final result, it was obtained an environmental diagnosis about the situation of each of the four companies studied, and it was possible to know the level of criticality of the impacts in each one, and proposing mitigation measures to control or minimizing them, bringing many benefits to the organization

Proposta de adequação ambiental de pequena propriedade rural localizada no município de São Carlos - SP

A ocupação inconsequente do território e a aplicação de técnicas agropastoris altamente degradantes ao meio ambiente, no Estado de São Paulo, culminaram em uma diminuição da cobertura vegetal nativa preservada de apenas 14% da cobertura original. Nesse cenário, o Novo Código Florestal, de 1964, regulamentava a proteção das chamadas Áreas de Preservação Permanente e a aplicação da área de Reserva Legal, que consistia em uma porcentagem da área total da propriedade rural destinada à preservação para a manutenção da biodiversidade local. Com a função de guiar as propostas de recuperação das áreas degradadas e de preservação dos remanescentes nativos, um Programa de Adequação Ambiental foi desenvolvido no presente estudo. Seu objetivo é adequar uma pequena propriedade rural, localizada no município de São Carlos – SP, às leis ambientais, com a finalidade de torná-la o mais ecologicamente sustentável possível. Com o auxilio de imagens de satélite disponíveis gratuitamente na internet e programas de SIG (ArcGis, Stitch Maps), o Programa de Adequação Ambiental da Estância 4R avaliou os usos e ocupações da propriedade, indicando que mais da metade da propriedade (35 ha) são destinados à criação de gado de corte e quase todo o restante (20 ha) está arrendado para o cultivo de cana-de-açúcar, e sugeriu propostas de restauração da área de Reserva Legal, cuja área deve ser de 12 ha, bem como sua localização, ao sul da propriedade. Como ação de restauração, foi proposto o consórcio de espécies arbóreas nativas com linhas de plantio de café de sombra, em um sistema de plantio conhecido como Agroflorestal

O Sistema de Gestão Ambiental e sua contribuição socioambiental para a biblioteca central da UNESP, Campus Rio Claro/SP

The minimization and mitigation of environmental impacts caused by the activities of organizations is increasingly becoming a key concern due to factors such as market demand, including suppliers and consumer markets, quality standards and even marketing strategies. The implementation of an EMS - Environmental Management System - allows the organization to achieve the level of environmental performance for its determined and promotes continuous improvement over time. This system consists of a schedule of activities, so as to eliminate or minimize impacts to the environment through preventive actions. It also provides a structured approach to set and achieve goals and objectives, and to establish procedures, work instructions and control, ensuring that the implementation of the policy can become reality. The objective of this work consists in planning a system using environmental management based on the ISO 14001 - standard internationally more widespread and accepted in the requirements to establish and operate an EMS - the Central Library, UNESP, Rio Claro / SP to stimulate the quest for continuous improvement and sustainability in the educational institution. For making the diagnosis of this planning was used the PDCA methodology, suggested by the standard, as well as all requirements for compliance. The results show that the benefits that the organization will receive involve reducing expenses and cost of energy and water, and improve the organization's reputation before the whole university and other educational institutions, reaching about three thousand people on university

Diagóstico ambiental de empreendimentos do distrito industrial Antônio Crepaldi – Presidente Prudente/SP

Recently, the environmental concern has grown due to the higher awareness about the availability and the importance of natural resources for survival on the Earth. So, laws and regulations were implemented aiming the environmental preservation. It has being developed new systems, technologies and techniques in order to minimize wastage of resources and minimize waste generation that may cause environmental impacts, in order to abide by the laws and regulations. These techniques and systems have been developed mostly for the industrial sector, because it’s one of the most responsible for the waste generation and impacts. One of the most employed systems is the environmental management, performed during the environmental diagnosis of the area/activity. So, this study aimed the environmental assessment and the establishment of proposals for the mitigation of the most significant environmental impacts generated in five industries of the Antonio Crepaldi industrial district – Presidente Prudente, in order to contribute to environmental issues and provide greater efficiency in the productive process of these industries... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Análise da ABNT NBR ISO 14005:2012 como instrumento de implementação de sistemas de gestão ambiental em pequenas e médias empresas

The use of environmental management systems - EMS has shown to be a key tool for addressing the environmental aspects and impacts of an organization. The vast majority of EMS based on the requirements of ISO 14001:2004, as it is a globally recognized standard and adopt its recommendations is considered to be a guarantee of fulfilling the basic requirements of an EMS. Despite all the benefits that the system provides, we still find many problems in the implementation of EMS, especially in small and medium enterprises or SME. Most of the difficulties of implementation is related to intrinsic factors that companies of this size have, and issues related to the models and methods used to implement an EMS. Thus, this work aimed to assess whether the guidelines of ISO 14005:2012 meet the needs of SMEs for the effective implementation of an environmental management system. For it has been identified in the relation between SMEs and EMS the majof intrinsic problems of SMEs to implement (PII), such as lack of financial and human resources, and lack of commitment from top management to the SGA. Also was also pointed the main implementation issues related to ISO 14001 (ABNT, 2004) or the models or methods (PIM), highlighting the lack of environmental performance criteria, and the need for a path or sequence of steps for implementation. The study of ISO 14005 (ABNT, 2012) showed that the standard guidelines and implementation examples proposed, include solutions for all problems related to EMS implementation SMEs

O setor sucroalcooleiro no Pontal do Paranapanema: uma análise a partir do licenciamento ambiental

The development of the sugar and alcohol sector and its sugar cane cultivation has been given in an accelerated way in Pontal do Paranapanema, mainly from the last decade, and with this has taken quick changes in the dynamic socio-economic and environmental of the region, further accentuating some conflicts and dilemmas social and environmental legacy. This work was done in order that these issues are further explored, that of moving towards a greater theoretical-scientific maturity, and even has a better apparatus to support measures (corrective or preventive) that show required anti such conflicts. For this purpose, we used the environmental licensing as a means of doing this analysis, since it is one of the main instruments of control/ regulation of the State against the development of activities of the sugar and alcohol sector. We also used a little of the vast potential of information that is contained in the environmental agencies. In this case, we used six Environmental Impact Study / Environmental Impact Report (EIS /EIR), six Preliminary Environmental Reports(PER), five Characterization of Enterprise Memorials (CEM), among other documents /studies present there. Some of the information, organized and made available in this work, has even greater potential to be exploited. It was also made an essential literature survey and of the laws related to licensing and alcohol and sugar sector

Sensibilidade ambiental fluvial a derrames de óleo e biocombustível: vulnerabilidade e impactos à mastofauna

O trabalho apresentado é constituído de dois capítulos distintos, ambos com preocupação recorrente de realizar uma ciência que tenha interface com a realidade, uma Ecologia aplicável às questões e demandas da sociedade contemporânea como ferramenta para compreender a realidade, mediar conflitos. No capítulo I - Integrando o meio físico, biológico e sócioeconômico na proposição de novos Índices de Sensibilidade Ambiental (ISA) propomos o desenvolvimento de índices que combinem aspectos bióticos, socioeconômicos e ecológicos como: a) Índice de Sensibilidade Ambiental Biológico (ISAB), pautado na comunidade de mamíferos de médio e grande porte; b) Índice de Sensibilidade Ambiental Socioeconômico (ISASE), composto pelo tipo de atividade econômica e pelas características da comunidade do entorno e c) Índice de Sensibilidade Ambiental Ecológico (ISAEc). No capítulo II - Contribuição da área do fragmento e dos corredores ecológicos para a comunidade de mamíferos de médio e grande porte das matas ciliares, ressaltamos a importância da Ecologia da Paisagem para a presença/ausência de espécies de mamíferos de médio e grande porte. Quais correlações são relevantes e como as métricas da paisagem têm influência sobre a comunidade da mastofauna. Há a clara intenção de compreender a realidade e propor soluções para as problemáticas modernas visando o bem estar da sociedade e a conservação e preservação da biota

Diagnóstico ambiental da área de influência do distrito industrial de Rio Claro - SP

Economic activities, whether large or small, can cause a range of environmental changes, not always reversible, harming society and its quality of life. Many potentially polluting activities have already been installed in various Brazilian cities, just as at the industrial district of Rio Claro / SP, which allow the synthesis of the many environmental impacts. In this sense, this report aims to make an environmental assessment in the influence area of the industrial district of Rio Claro / SP, located in the urban area of the city. As a result, the existence of prior related studies was observed, especially the diagnosis and study of the many implications that arises from activities impacting, and further, there was a demarcation of the influence area of the district and its derivatives impacts in the influence area, the steps of prediction and mitigation measures and if these activities meet the minimum technical requirements in planning and environmental applicable legislation.

Sensibilidade ambiental ao derrame de biocombustível e óleo: uma análise da estrutura genética populacional do Curimba (Prochilodus lineatus)

As atividades humanas vêm causando grandes pressões nos ecossistemas aquáticos continentais e nos organismos que ai vivem, sendo os peixes o grupo mais afetado. Para compreender o grau de impacto sofrido por uma comunidade é necessário conhecer como esta se encontra estruturada. Este estudo foi organizado em dois capítulos: 1) dedicado a compreender aspectos relacionados à comunidade de peixes da represa de Barra Bonita; 2) análise sobre a estrutura genética do curimba (P. lineatus) no rio Tietê, em diversos segmentos antes e depois das barragens. A estrutura da comunidade de peixes reflete a integridade ecológica do ecossistema, uma vez que diversos comportamentos dependem de determinadas condições ambientais. Por se tratar de um ambiente modificado e exposto a diversos agentes impactantes, estudos sobre a comunidade de peixes na represa de Barra Bonita (rio Tietê) se tornam essenciais para verificar as condições ambientais, auxiliando na gestão deste ecossistema. Para uma análise mais profunda das condições ambientais deste ecossistema, foi realizada também uma análise genética da população do curimba (Prochilodus lineatus), uma vez que o conhecimento da estrutura populacional é fundamental para auxiliar no manejo e conservação das populações de peixes nativos. Os resultados das análises populacionais mostraram que a comunidade de peixes encontrada é típica de ambientes represados, sendo formada por uma maioria de espécies de pequeno e médio porte, do tipo restrategistas, com desova parcelada, sedentárias e que apresentam uma alta plasticidade trófica. No entanto, a presença de espécies com algum grau de ameaça mostra que a região ainda mantém espécies sensíveis mantidas provavelmente pelos tributário que deságuam no rio Tietê. Mesmo a comunidade sendo formada por uma maioria de espécies autóctones, a presença de espécies não nativas nos faz pensar sobre a falta de valorização e conhecimento...

Medidas de adequação ambiental para indústria de leite e derivados, como requisito para gestão ambiental

The society continues demonstrating its need regarding the products and services, even though it becomes increasingly value the protection of the environment. In this context, environmental management is defined as a management method that emphasizes to continuously improve results and promote sustainable development. Moreover it has as a tool the laws which provide the benchmarks and mechanisms for companies to adapt their activities in such a way that does not alter the quality of the environment. In this sense, in order to propose improvements to a dairy aiming their environmental suitability, a present study was prepared by following the production activities of the enterprise, the raising of standards and applicable legal requirements and environmental assessment for the preparation of an array of aspects and impacts with the task of identifying the most significant according to MOREIRA (2006). The results indicated that some of the impacts of high relevance are related to the generation of wastewater and solid waste, which do not have treatment and / or proper disposal and indeed require intervention for their suitability. Through, these results were drawn up proposals for actions conformation. In addition, they were proposed meeting the requirement for health and safety at work, in accordance with the standard regulations. This study has the function, therefore, propose to the company in question, an environmental management plan that ensures the protection of the environment and health of employees and consequently the improvement of production processes and products