Estudo longitudinal de rastreio cognitivo em sujeitos da comunidade

Cognitive changes in normal aging can be similar to the alterations that take place in the initial stages of a dementia process. Longitudinal studies can provide a better understanding of this progression. Objectives: To evaluate the cognitive and functional evolution of community-dwelling individuals without dementia through a three-year longitudinal study. Methods: 168 individuals were evaluated in 2006. Three years later in 2009, 73 of these subjects were reevaluated as regards cognition and functionality using the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), Brief Cognitive Battery (BCB) and the Pfeffer Functional Activities Questionnaire. The statistical analysis included descriptive measurements, the Wilcoxon's test for intra-group comparison, and the Spearman's correlation coefficient test for comparing cognitive and functionality scores. Results: After three years, the Wilcoxon's test showed a discreet yet significant cognitive decline (MMSE: -0.7 points; p=0.02; Z= -2.29; and global score on the BCB: +3.6 points; p=0.02; Z= -2.29), in addition to functional decline (Pfeffer: +0.7 points; p= 0.001; Z= -3.38). Conclusions: After three years of follow-up we observed a discreet yet significant functional and cognitive decline in the subjects. Longitudinal cognitive screening represents an important strategy in the early identification of changes from normal conditions to a dementia process.

Life mode of in situ Conularia in a Middle Devonian epibole

Exceptionally abundant specimens of Conularia aff. desiderata Hall occur in multiple marine obrution deposits, in a single sixth-order parasequence composed of argillaceous and silty very fine sandstone, in the Otsego Member of the Mount Marion Formation (Middle Devonian, Givetian) in eastern New York State, USA. Associated fossils consist mostly of rhynchonelliform brachiopods but also include bivalve molluscs, orthoconic nautiloids, linguliform brachiopods and gastropods. Many of the brachiopods, bivalve molluscs and conulariids have been buried in situ. Conulariids buried in situ are oriented with their aperture facing obliquely upward and with their long axis inclined at up to 87degree to bedding. Most specimens are solitary, but some occur in V-like pairs or in radial clusters consisting of three specimens, with the component specimens being about equally long or (less frequently) substantially different in length. The compacted apical end of Conularia buried in situ generally rests upon argillaceous sandstone. With one possible exception, none of the examined specimens terminates in a schott (apical wall), and internal schotts appear to be absent. The apical ends of specimens in V-like pairs and radial clusters show no direct evidence of interconnection of their periderms. The apical, middle or apertural region of some inclined specimens abuts or is in close lateral proximity to a recumbent conulariid or to one or more spiriferid brachiopods, some of which have been buried in their original life orientation. The azimuthal bearings of Conularia and nautiloid long axes and the directions in which conulariids open are nonrandom, with conulariids being preferentially aligned between 350 and 50degree and with their apertural end facing north-east, and nautiloids being preferentially aligned between 30 and 70degree. Otsego Member Conularia were erect or semi-erect, epifaunal or partially infaunal animals, the apical end of which rested upon very fine bottom sediment. The origin of V-like pairs and radial clusters remains enigmatic, but it is probable that production of schotts was not a regular feature of this animal's life history. Finally, conulariids and associated fauna were occasionally smothered by distal storm deposits, under the influence of relatively weak bottom currents. © The Palaeontological Association.

Effects of square-stepping exercise on cognitive functions of older people

Aim: Cognitive functions can decline with age, and interventions focusing on stimulating them may have positive results. Previous studies have shown that square-stepping exercise (SSE) has a good influence on balance, but this exercise also seems to promote cognitive stimulation. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to analyse the effect of 16 weeks of SSE on cognitive functions in non-demented community-dwelling older people. Methods: This was a longitudinal, non-randomized study. Forty-one older adults (60 years and older) were recruited, and 21 participated in the SSE group (practised only SSE sequences) and 20 were in the control group (continued with their activities of daily living). Both groups were evaluated using the Mini-Mental State Examination, the Digit Span test, the Toulouse-Pierón Attention Test and the Modified Card Sorting Test. Results: The SSE group showed a significant improvement in global cognitive status, concentrated attention and mental flexibility after 16 weeks of the SSE intervention. Conclusion: Evidence shows that SSE is a physical activity that positively influences cognitive functions in non-demented older people. © 2013 Japanese Psychogeriatric Society.

Efeito do treinamento com pesos na apatia, funções cognitivas frontais e funcionalidade motora em pacientes com doença de Alzheimer

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Efeitos do treinamento de flexibilidade na capacidade funcional e seus componentes, em idosas: um estudo controlado randomizado

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Seleção de plantas hospedeiras pela aranha bromelícola Psecas chapoda (Salticidae)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Faces de Marília: a moradia em um condomínio horizontal

Pós-graduação em Ciências Sociais - FFC

Avaliação da resistência ao cisalhamento de reparos de resina: interface tratada com laser de Er Yag, ponta diamantada e jato abrasivo com óxido de alumínio

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

A relação entre a moradia, profissional autônomo e mobiliário: diretrizes projetuais para estação de trabalho residencial ligada às atividades de projeto

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

A prática de ensino como exercício pedagógico construído pelas licenciandas em enfermagem: ampliando o conceito de saúde

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Avaliação do equilíbrio de idosos vivendo na comunidade usando testes práticos de equilíbrio e de sensibilidade cutânea plantar

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Políticas públicas habitacionais e os desafios da concretização do direito à moradia urbana na nova ordem constitucional brasileira

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Gênero entre as ruas e a trama institucional: um estudo sobre a sobrevivência de mulheres adolescentes em situação de vulnerabilidade social no centro de São Paulo

Pós-graduação em Ciências Sociais - FFC

Extinção ecológica de grandes herbívoros e diversidade de plantas em um gradiente de defaunação na Mata Atlântica

Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Zoologia) - IBRC

Perda de diversidade de palmeiras em fragmentos de mata atlântica: padrões e processos

Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Biologia Vegetal) - IBRC