Morfometria de compartimentos hidrológicos e qualidade hídrica do município de Batatais-SP

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Produção Vegetal) - FCAV

Dinâmica no uso da terra de 1991 a 2010 da região semiárida do estado do Piauí: cajucultura e apicultura

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Produção Vegetal) - FCAV

Análise espacial do conteúdo de água da bacia hidrográfica do Rio Pardo

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo avaliar a distribuição espacial, por geoestatística, da produção de água gerada pelo modelo hidrológico matemático SWAT 2009 (Soil and Water Assessment Tool, versão 2009), da parte inicial da bacia hidrográfica do Rio Pardo – SP. Foi utilizado um Sistema de Informação Geográfica (SIG) associado a uma interface com o modelo SWAT para a confecção do banco de dados. Para isto, as informações de entrada necessárias para avaliar a produção de lâmina de água (mm), que infiltrou e armazenou em cada sub-bacia gerada pelo SWAT, referem-se a dados tabulares climáticos e de parâmetros físicos e químicos de solo e a planos de informações como: o Modelo Numérico do Terreno (MNT), Mapa de Uso do Solo e Mapa de Solos. A amostragem geoestatística foi representada por uma malha irregular georreferenciada com 43 pontos localizados na parte central de cada sub-bacia representando a quantidade de água produzida. A análise geoestatística foi realizada pela construção dos variogramas e posteriormente a confecção dos mapas interpolados por krigagem. Do resultado obtido observou-se que a produção de água apresentou dependência espacial e que esta ocorreu de forma homogênea, tanto para os maiores como para os menores valores de produção de água encontrados na bacia.

Avaliação de uma técnica para geração de modelos digitais de superfície utilizando múltiplas imagens

The efficient generation of digital surface model (DSM) from optical images has been explored for many years and the results are dependent on the project characteristics (image resolution, size of overlap between images, among others), of the image matching techniques and the computer capabilities for the image processing. The points generated from image matching have a direct impact on the quality of the DSM and, consequently, influence the need for the costly step of edition. This work aims at assessing experimentally a technique for DSM generation by matching of multiple images (two or more) simultaneously using the vertical line locus method (VLL). The experiments were performed with six images of the urban area of Presidente Prudente/SP, with a ground sample distance (GSD) of approximately 7cm. DSMs of a small area with homogeneous texture, repetitive pattern, moving objects including shadows and trees were generated to assess the quality of the developed procedure. This obtained DSM was compared to cloud points acquired by LASER (Light Amplification by Simulated Emission of Radiation) scanning as wells as with a DSM generated by Leica Photogrammetric Suite (LPS) software. The accomplished results showed that the MDS generated by the implemented technique has a geometric quality compatible with the reference models.

Intervenção ergonômica e o uso da simulação computacional na concepção de produtos: o design de uma plantadora mecanizada de mandioca

Pós-graduação em Design - FAAC

Análise quali-qualitativa e por meio de sistema de informações geográficas da arborização do quadrilátero central de Ribeirão Preto, SP

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Produção Vegetal) - FCAV

Elaboração de mapa de susceptibilidade de corridas de massa/detritos e ondas de cheia, aplicado a empreendimentos dutoviários, na bacia hidrográfica do Ribeirão da Prata (SP)

Given the intense expansion of the industries in Brazil and the discovery of hydrocarbons in the pre-salt layer of the Santos and Campos Basin, there is a need to expand the distribution of oil and gas network in the country. The present work aims to present the development of susceptibility map by two distinct methods of two events (debris flows and full wave), applied to the establishment of pipelines on Ribeirão da Prata Basin. The research area covers two municipalities: São João da Boa Vista and Águas da Prata, in total 145 km2. In the paper was used the methodology proposed by Zaine (2011) for the physiographic subdivision method, which uses geological maps, geomorphological maps, digital terrain models and aerial photographs, used to extract the main elements of the physical environment, as rivers, lines, ridges, tops forms and valley forms and historical processes. Thus, the basin was divided into 11 physiographic zones, considering the following elements: thickness of soil, rock type, geomorphology, amplitude, ridges orientation, erosion occurences and mass movements. Were subsequently performed location maps of dams, that had as main purpose to localize major dams in the study area along with their area and perimeter of the reservoir, and land use map that subdivided the area in woody vegetation, permanent culture, temporary culture and urban area. Along with the preparation of the auxiliar maps was conducted a field campaign with three days and approximately 2 points per km2, which aimed to better understand the physical environment and check the main peculiarities of the study area. Criteria have been established for susceptibility maps physiographic subdivision and land use, and a survey of criteria weights used in each map for both processes under study. For the preparation of susceptibility maps were adopted two different methods, which treat the weighted average and the multiplicand. The weighted average method it is...

Bioengenharia no controle de processos erosivos de áreas de hidrelétricas – o caso da PCH Costa Rica (MS)

The crescent increasing demand of the electric power in Brazil has stimulated the implantation of Small Central Hydroelectric Power (SCHP) in several regions of the country. However, the silting up of the reservoirs is one of the main problems faced by hydroelectric power plants and SCHP. In this context, this research aimed evaluate the phenomenology and propose the enforcement of appropriate bioengineering techniques to control the intense erosive process of the hydrographical basin of the “Alto Rio Sucuriú,” that cause silting up of the reservoirs of the SCHP Costa Rica, located in the municipal district of Costa Rica (MS). In order to identify the phenomenology of the main falling in of this basin, a diagnosis of the conditions of the physical environment of the region (climate, geology, pedology, hydrology, and use of the ground) was realized. A surveying was also realized to specify the geometric feature of the falling in using the Total Station of the Ruide brand, series RTS 860R and the geodetic GPS of the Ashtech brand and the data obtained was used on the preparation of the Digital Elevation Model (DEM) of the falling in. Based on this diagnosis an official register of the falling in was done with identification of the different types of present erosion. Due to the advanced erosive stage of the falling in researched, the use of bioengineering techniques could be the best solution considering that the traditional engineering techniques make use of heavy material like concrete, iron and large machines that besides causing higher impact to the natural and esthetic aspects of the environment also require a higher investment of capital. This research establish a great cooperation to the knowledge of the erosive process and of the rehabilitation of the degraded areas with application of bioengineering techniques not only hydrographical basin of “Alto Rio Sucuriú” but also to other basins that show similar situation

Validity and behaviour of tropospheric gradients estimated by GPS in Corsica

Estimation of tropospheric gradients in GNSS data processing is a well-known technique to improve positioning (e.g. Bar-Sever et al., 1998; Chen and Herring, 1997). More recently, several authors also focused on the estimation of such parameters for meteorological studies and demonstrated their potential benefits (e.g. Champollion et al., 2004). Today, they are routinely estimated by several global and regional GNSS analysis centres but they are still not yet used for operational meteorology.This paper discusses the physical meaning of tropospheric gradients estimated from GPS observations recorded in 2011 by 13 permanent stations located in Corsica Island (a French Island in the western part of Italy). Corsica Island is a particularly interesting location for such study as it presents a significant environmental contrast between the continent and the sea, as well as a steep topography.Therefore, we estimated Zenith Total Delay (ZTD) and tropospheric gradients using two software: GAMIT/GLOBK (GAMIT version 10.5) and GIPSY-OASIS II version 6.1. Our results are then compared to radiosonde observations and to the IGS final troposphere products. For all stations we found a good agreement between the ZWD estimated by the two software (the mean of the ZWD differences is 1 mm with a standard deviation of 6 mm) but the tropospheric gradients are in less good agreement (the mean of the gradient differences is 0.1 mm with a standard deviation of 0.7 mm), despite the differences in the processing strategy (double-differences for GAMIT/GLOBK versus zero-difference for GIPSY-OASIS).We also observe that gradient amplitudes are correlated with the seasonal behaviour of the humidity. Like ZWD estimates, they are larger in summer than in winter. Their directions are stable over the time but not correlated with the IWV anomaly observed by ERA-Interim. Tropospheric gradients observed at many sites always point to inland throughout the year. These preferred directions are almost opposite to the largest slope of the local topography as derived from the world Digital Elevation Model ASTER GDEM v2. These first results give a physical meaning to gradients but the origin of such directions need further investigations.

Comparação entre as análises paramétrica e integrada na suscetibilidade a escorregamentos no entorno de dutos: Duto Orbel, Rio de Janeiro

Pós-graduação em Geociências e Meio Ambiente - IGCE

Potencial de ocorrência de avarias ambientais em bacias hidrográficas com ocupação rural mediante análise morfométrica

The understanding of the geo-morphological characteristics allows the identification of flood areas and instability slopes among others important features for land use planning. The study of the hydrological net and the analysis of morphometric parameters help in the geomorphologic characterization, providing specific physics indicators that quantify the risks for environmental damages. The present work used Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and carried out the morphometric analysis of two watersheds in the Alto Rio Sorocaba, municipality of Ibiuna (SP). Using digitalized topographic bases in the scale 1:50,000, the main morphometric parameters were extracted and the Digital Elevation Model (DEM) was obtained. Hence the slope, ground illumination, hill orientation and relief feature maps were elaborated. The characteristics for the two watersheds were quite similar, both have low risks for floods and landslides. Therefore, the concave feature is the predominant hill shape for both watersheds. The morphometric parameters directly related to the river density of the watersheds showed some differences, because the Sorocabuçú watershed presents higher value, resulting in a higher level of relief development. Thus, with this characterization it is possible to provide subsidies for environmental planning actions to the area.

Modelo hidrológico SWAT na determinação das perdas de solo na bacia hidrológica do Rio Pardo - Botucatu/SP

The objective of this work was to evaluate the sediment production in the initial part of the Pardo River Basin - Botucatu/SP from 1994 to 1999, using the mathematical hydrological model SWAT. It was used topographic maps and satellite data manipulated in GIS using the software SPRING 5.1.6. The simulation of sediment production was generated with the aid of an interface between the hydrological model SWAT 2009 with ArcView ®, version 9.3. The maps of Soil, Land Use and Digital Elevation Model (DEM) were generated in the GIS-SPRING 5.1.6 and exported to ArcSWAT 2009. The tabular data related to the parameters of soil and meteorological parameters were entered directly to the SWAT. The model allowed to estimate the sediment production. A sediment average production rate of 33.866 ton ha-1 over the six years of study was computed in the point of discharge of the basin.

Assoreamento de lago integrante da sub-baciado Córrego da Cascata, Botucatu, SP: implicações morfométricas

The watershed is considered a unit of territorial study, planning and land management, and is molded by the local geologic conditions and climate. Thus, this study aimed to assess the morphometric features of the subwatershed of Cascata Stream, in Botucatu (SP), and their implications for the siltation process in a lake. The assessment included indexes generated from data calculated by means of a digitalized cartographic basis georeferenced on the 1:10,000 scale using the software AutoCad map 2004. The software Quantum GIS 1.8 was also employed to generate the digital elevation model (DEM) and the map of declivities which led to the mean declivity (Dm) of the subwatershed. According to the indexes form factor (Kf), sinuosity (Is), circularity (Ic) and compacity coefficient (Kc), the subwatershed had elongated form, low propensity to floods and rapid flow. The draining density (Dd) and relief ratio (Rr) indicated more efficient mean drainage, favoring higher desiccation and mean erosive stage. The roughness coefficient (Cr) indicated that this subwatershed is suited to agriculture. The anthropic intervention at the watershed dividing line is the major factor for sediment carrying in the lake and compromises not only the landscape beauty, but also the aquatic life of this ecosystem.

Generating VHDL-AMS models of digital-to-analogue converters from MATLAB (R)/SIMULINK (R)

Today, the trend within the electronics industry is for the use of rapid and advanced simulation methodologies in association with synthesis toolsets. This paper presents an approach developed to support mixed-signal circuit design and analysis. The methodology proposed shows a novel approach to the problem of developing behvioural model descriptions of mixed-signal circuit topologies, by construction of a set of subsystems, that supports the automated mapping of MATLAB (R)/SINIULINK (R) models to structural VHDL-AMS descriptions. The tool developed, named (MSSV)-S-2, reads a SIMULINK (R) model file and translates it to a structural VHDL-AMS code. It also creates the file structure required to simulate the translated model in the SystemVision (TM). To validate the methodology and the developed program, the DAC08, AD7524 and AD5450 data converters were studied and initially modelled in MATLAB (R)/SIMULINK (R). The VHDL-AMS code generated automatically by (MSSV)-S-2, (MATLAB (R)/SIMULINK (R) to SystemVision (TM)), was then simulated in the SystemVision (TM). The simulation results show that the proposed approach, which is based on VHDL-AMS descriptions of the original model library elements, allows for the behavioural level simulation of complex mixed-signal circuits.

Generating VHDL-AMS models of digital-to-analogue converters from MATLAB®/SIMULINK®

Today, the trend within the electronics industry is for the use of rapid and advanced simulation methodologies in association with synthesis toolsets. This paper presents an approach developed to support mixed-signal circuit design and analysis. The methodology proposed shows a novel approach to the problem of developing behvioural model descriptions of mixed-signal circuit topologies, by construction of a set of subsystems, that supports the automated mapping of MATLAB®/SIMULINK® models to structural VHDL-AMS descriptions. The tool developed, named MS 2SV, reads a SIMULINK® model file and translates it to a structural VHDL-AMS code. It also creates the file structure required to simulate the translated model in the System Vision™. To validate the methodology and the developed program, the DAC08, AD7524 and AD5450 data converters were studied and initially modelled in MATLAB®/ SIMULINK®. The VHDL-AMS code generated automatically by MS 2SV, (MATLAB®/SIMULINK® to System Vision™), was then simulated in the System Vision™. The simulation results show that the proposed approach, which is based on VHDL-AMS descriptions of the original model library elements, allows for the behavioural level simulation of complex mixed-signal circuits.