Movendo-se entre a experimentação e a dependência de drogas: o autocontrole do adolescente como componente interveniente

Pós-graduação em Saúde Coletiva - FMB

Influência do uso de drogas ilícitas na análise seminal e hormonal

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Determinação de Levamisol em amostras de cocaína na cidade de Campinas e região

A cocaína, alcalóide extraído das folhas de coca, apresenta antigo histórico de uso para diversas finalidades. O uso vinculado à fim recreacional se dá na década de 70 e permanece até hoje com variações espaciais e temporais. Muitas são as substâncias usadas como adulterantes à cocaína, ou seja, adicionadas com o propósito de mimetizar ou potencializar o efeito da mesma, e o levamisol, antiparasitário de uso humano e veterinário no Brasil, tem sido reportado mundialmente, com notável crescimento desde 2003. Desde 2009, casos de agranulocitose e vasculite crônica tem sido associado à usuários de cocaína com o levamisol como adulterante. Visto o aumento no consumo de cocaína no Brasil entre 2010 e 2011, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo determinar a prevalência desta adulteração na cidade de Campinas e região entre outubro de 2012 e junho de 2013, fazendo uso de CCDC e CG/MS. As análises em CCDC mostraram um aumento na prevalência da adulteração de 15,5% para 26,5% no período de estudo. Os resultados encontrados reiteram a importância da discussão e difusão do tema perante a comunidade médica, principalmente, a fim de tomarem decisões mais acertadas frente aos casos envolvendo os usuários.

As possíveis relações entre desenvolvimento moral e uso de crack por adolescentes

The dependency of psychoactive substances whether licit or illicit, among adolescents is a topic that has aroused much discussion today. One of the psychoactive substance that has caught the attention of authorities and experts, its potential dependence, increasing the number of addicts and speed with which triggers the human degeneration is the crack (a derivative of cocaine - Erythroxylon coca), used via the smoked administration. Understanding the phenomenon of increasing their use requires an analysis of the concepts of addiction throughout history, current research encompassing scientific findings in epidemiology and statistics involving several types of pharmacological substances, and especially the analysis of data related specifically to crack the focus of our theme. In order to contribute to ongoing discussions and offer possible alternatives for effective intervention, especially in schools, we conducted a survey that sought to find evidence of a possible relationship between crack use and moral reasoning. Since our work specifically theoretical nature, we use to reach our goals, assumptions, two researchers in the concept of human morality: Jean Piaget (1994) and Lawrence Kohlberg (1992) both traveling within the proposed cognitive-evolutionary human development. For an understanding of the proposals of these two researchers, we use research to (Lepre, 2005), as guiding thesis of this work. The results presented indicate that adolescents who use crack are very close to a level of moral reasoning pre-conventional and conventional, although it is important to state that more accurate results require further research on the subject, including those involving field research. Yet we can conclude that prevention must go through a dialogue that privileges the moral education as possible means of effective intervention against the use of crack, allowing the construction of autonomy... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Uma análise da tradução de vocábulos relacionados à violência e criminalidade presentes em três obras de Patrícia Melo

Pós-graduação em Estudos Linguísticos - IBILCE

Procedência da cocaína e maconha definida por isótopos estáveis

Objectives: the aim of this work was to define the range of possible values for each isotope of carbon-13 and nitrogen-15 for cocaine and marijuana seized in Botucatu-SP, with the intention of distinguishing the geographical origin of the drug. Materials and Methods: samples of marijuana and cocaine were collected at the time of incineration. Then, at the Stable Isotope Center from São Paulo State University in Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil, samples of marijuana were subjected to the drying process and subsequent grinding. Samples of cocaine were not submitted to the processes of drying and grinding because they were already in adequate granulometry. Subsequently, the samples of both drugs were weighed in accordance with the standards for carbon-13 and nitrogen-15. Lastly, CO2 and N2 gases were obtained from the samples through the elemental analyzer. They were then analyzed in a mass spectrometer to obtain values of δ13C and δ15N in ‰. Results and Discussion: the results of marijuana allowed for comparison with regions of Queensland, Australia, according to the range of δ13C between -29.9 ‰ and -29.3 ‰ and δ15N range from 4.1 ‰ to 5.8 ‰. The results were also consistent with those of the state of Pará, Brazil, where the values of δ13C and δ15N were -30.3 ± 0.7 ‰ and 5.0 ± 1.3 ‰, respectively. Also the results were in accordance with those from the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, in which δ13C values varied by -28.7 ± 1.3 ‰, and δ15N values varied by 6.6 ± 1.1 ‰, respectively. In both regions, the samples identified as being from Pará and Mato Grosso do Sul showed an overlap. In addition, the results fitted with data from the state of Maranhão, in which the values of δ13C and δ15 N were -28.8 ± 1.6 ‰ and 2.9 ± 2.5 ‰, respectively. In the case of cocaine, the present study could not be related to the results from the literature. One possible explanation may be related to the non-purification of ...

Peru: cultivo de coca, cocaína e combate ao narcotráfico

The article presents one brief analysis on the current situation of the cultivation of coca, production of cocaine and fighting drug trafficking in Peru.

Some effects of cimetidine on the reproductive organs of rats

1. The development of genital organs of rats chronically treated with cimetidine showed that the drug may present anti-androgenic activity. 2. This treatment did not alter the sensitivity of vas deferens to noradrenaline, but increased their sensitivity to BaCl2. 3. In the male reproductive system, cimetidine must have peripheral actions apart from the central ones observed after chronic treatment.

Forensic electrochemistry: indirect electrochemical sensing of the components of the new psychoactive substance Synthacaine

Synthacaine is a New Psychoactive Substance which is, due to its inherent psychoactive properties, reported to imitate the effects of cocaine and is therefore consequently branded as legal cocaine. The only analytical approach reported to date for the sensing of Synthacaine is mass spectrometry. In this paper, we explore and evaluate a range of potential analytical techniques for its quantification and potential use in the field screening Synthacaine using Raman spectroscopy, presumptive (colour) testing, High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and electrochemistry. HPLC analysis of street samples reveals that Synthacaine comprises a mixture of methiopropamine (MPA) and 2-aminoindane (2-AI). Raman spectroscopy and presumptive (colour) tests, the Marquis, Mandelin, Simon's and Robadope test, are evaluated towards a potential in-the-field screening approach but are found to not be able to discriminate between the two when they are both present in the same sample, as is the case in the real street samples. We report for the first time a novel indirect electrochemical protocol for the sensing of MPA and 2-AI which is independently validated in street samples with HPLC. This novel electrochemical approach based upon one-shot disposable cost effective screen-printed graphite macroelectrodes holds potential for in-the-field screening for Synthacaine.

Gênero, masculinidades e alcoolismo na modernidade: a Revista Illustração Brasileira, as comemorações do Centenário da Independência e a as elites urbanas cariocas no início do Século XX

Pós-graduação em Ciências Sociais - FFC

Atividade física e uso de drogas entre estudantes de ensino fundamental e médio

The research examines the relationship between drug use and physical activity in school. We used an anonymous self-questionnaire among students in elementary and middle school in a Brazilian city. The mean age was 15.1 ± 1.5 years. There was no significant difference between energy expenditure and drug use, crack use except in life that related to significantly higher values of energy expenditure and habitual for the past thirty days, cocaine use was associated with higher energy expenditure habitual (p <0.05). We emphasize the need investigations addressing specific features of involvement in school and extracurricular activities, physical activity, drug use and their contributions to school health.

Sensibilização comportamental ao etanol e neuroadaptações envolvendo a proteína (DELTA)FOSB: efeitos do tratamento com N-Acetilcisteína em camundongos

Pharmacological treatments currently used in ethanol addiction are inefficient, requiring new drugs for this purpose. The pro-drug N-Acetylcysteine (N-Ac) has shown efficacy in the treatment of addiction to cocaine and nicotine in preclinical research and clinical pilot studies. When administered, N-Ac is subsequently converted to cysteine, and cystine, which has an action on the central nervous system. However, there are few data about the possible application of N-Ac in the ethanol addiction. Behavioral sensitization is the gradual increase of the psychostimulant effects induced by repeated administration of drugs of abuse, including ethanol, and its development has been linked to important neuroadaptations in addiction. These neuroadaptations occur in neural circuits that mediate the reinforcing properties of these drugs and may involve several proteins. The ΔFosB protein accumulates in neurons after repeated activation and mediates long lasting changes in response to drugs of abuse. These changes are manifested mainly in the nucleus accumbens (Acb) and prefrontal cortex (PFC) neurons. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of N-Ac treatment in the development of ethanol behavioral sensitization and in alterations in the ΔFosB protein in mice. Swiss male mice were exposed to a standardized behavioral sensitization protocol to the experimental conditions of the laboratory and treated with N-Ac. At the end of behavioral sensitization procedure, animals were euthanized and their brains removed for ΔFosB quantification by Western blotting. Two experiments of behavioral sensitization were performed to the standardization of the protocol. The first, although effective in demonstrating the development of behavioral sensitization, was not effective in allowing the evaluation of the expression of the behavioral sensitization. The age of the animals and the conditions of luminosity and color of locomotion apparatus were changed and a new...