62 resultados para Barrier to trade


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Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are generally used to monitor hazardous events in inaccessible areas. Thus, on one hand, it is preferable to assure the adoption of the minimum transmission power in order to extend as much as possible the WSNs lifetime. On the other hand, it is crucial to guarantee that the transmitted data is correctly received by the other nodes. Thus, trading off power optimization and reliability insurance has become one of the most important concerns when dealing with modern systems based on WSN. In this context, we present a transmission power self-optimization (TPSO) technique for WSNs. The TPSO technique consists of an algorithm able to guarantee the connectivity as well as an equally high quality of service (QoS), concentrating on the WSNs efficiency (Ef), while optimizing the transmission power necessary for data communication. Thus, the main idea behind the proposed approach is to trade off WSNs Ef against energy consumption in an environment with inherent noise. Experimental results with different types of noise and electromagnetic interference (EMI) have been explored in order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the TPSO technique.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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In this work, the quantum confinement effect is proposed as the cause of the displacement of the vibrational spectrum of molecular groups that involve hydrogen bonds. In this approach, the hydrogen bond imposes a space barrier to hydrogen and constrains its oscillatory motion. We studied the vibrational transitions through the Morse potential, for the NH and OH molecular groups inside macromolecules in situation of confinement (when hydrogen bonding is formed) and nonconfinement (when there is no hydrogen bonding). The energies were obtained through the variational method with the trial wave functions obtained from supersymmetric quantum mechanics formalism. The results indicate that it is possible to distinguish the emission peaks related to the existence of the hydrogen bonds. These analytical results were satisfactorily compared with experimental results obtained from infrared spectroscopy. (c) 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Energia na Agricultura) - FCA

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The concept of educational radio is present in the Brazilian Code of Broadcasting in 1963, valued by an Interministerial 1999.According to the Ministry of Communications, only 176 stations are considered educational universe of 3,000 existing radios in Brazil. In this context, the study proposes to establish a discussion on the educational experiences obtained from the radio, considering the Brazilian radio culture that favors concessions to trade groups and religious politicians. The challenge will be to move toward a program that combines educational content, entertainment, and thus ensures a common universe of communication skills enabling the adult radio listeners their actual interaction with the world around him. The methodology will work in the literature from texts on the subject, and the result of practical observations collected during visits to the broadcasters, programming and analysis.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Miners activity results in a significant volume of waste, which is normally deposited in piles. This paper analyzes the behavior of geotextile barrier to control fine soil runoff in a quarry. Two types of geotextile was investigated in order to evaluate the retention efficiency and deterioration after several use.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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This article presents a new approach to minimize the losses in electrical power systems. This approach considers the application of the primal-dual logarithmic barrier method to voltage magnitude and tap-changing transformer variables, and the other inequality constraints are treated by augmented Lagrangian method. The Lagrangian function aggregates all the constraints. The first-order necessary conditions are reached by Newton's method, and by updating the dual variables and penalty factors. Test results are presented to show the good performance of this approach.