Compostos nitrogenados reativos e ozônio na atmosfera de uma região produtora de álcool combustível na região central do Estado de São Paulo

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Hidrocarbonetos policíclicos aromáticos e outras substâncias orgânicas na combustão de madeira para produção de carvão e em particulado atmosférico da cidade de Campo Grande /MS

Pós-graduação em Química - IQ

Sugar markers in aerosol particles from an agro-industrial region in Brazil

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Espécies ácidas gasosas e íons majoritários no material particulado atmosférico de uma região agriícola do Mato Grosso

Pós-graduação em Química - IQ

Aplicação do ciclo rankine orgânico alimentado termicamente pela queima da casca do arroz e resíduos de madeira

With the growing world energy demand mainly from developing countries like Brazil, Russia, India and China, the search for efficient sources of energy becomes a challenge for the coming years. Among the most widely used alternative sources, biomass is the one that grows in a more pronounced way. This study will assess the real possibility of having it as a heat source in an Organic Rankine Cycle, which employ heat transfer fluids as working fluids instead of water. From a regional data collection in agricultural production and their potential rice production and the resulting husk was defined as more appropriate. The availability of husks together with an amount of eucalyptus wood, provided by a company in the region on a monthly basis, were analyzed, and the low participation of the wood was discarded by the thermal contribution of little significance. Based on this, it was established the calorific value of fuel for thermodynamic calculations and the cycle to be used. It was then carried out the choice of working fluid from the literature and their availability in the library of software used for the simulations, the Engineering Equation Solver - ESS. The fluid most appropriate for the burning of biomass, Octamethyltrisiloxane (OMTS), was not included in the software and so the R227ea and R134a were selected. After the initial parameters modeling definition, as condensing temperature, efficiency and live steam conditions, the simulations were performed, and only the R227ea remained within the feasible thermodynamic and technological ranges. With this fluid the turbine power output was 265.7 [kW] for a scenario of 24 hours/day burning, 800.3 [kW] to biomass burning for 8 hours/day and 2134 [kW] for burning only 3 hours/day. The thermal efficiency of the cycle remained in the range of 6%, and for plants operating with the most... (Complete Abstract click eletronic access below)

Rainwater major and trace element contents in Southeastern Brazil: an assessment of a sugar cane region in dry and wet period

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Measurements and modeling of reactive nitrogen deposition in southeast Brazil

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Atmospheric pollutants in São Paulo state, Brazil and effects on human health – a review

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Sintomas nasais, parâmetros hemodinâmicos e perfil inflamatório nasal e sistêmico de cortadores de cana-de-açúcar expostos à queima de biomassa

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Influências geogênicas/antropogênicas na composição química das águas pluviais de Dois Córregos, bacia do Rio Jaú (SP)

Thirty-seven rainwater samples were collected at Jaú River watershed, Dois Córregos city (SP), between August 2009 and July 2010, where were analyzed the following variables: pH, Na+ , K+ , Ca2+, Mg2+, NO3- , Cl- , SO4 2- , PO4 3- and SiO2. The results indicate that Ca2+ (6.65%) and NO3- (35%) are the most abundant ions that followed the trend: Ca2+ > Mg2+ > K+ > Na+ for cations and NO3 - > SO4 2- > Cland PO4 3- for anions. The phosphate fertilizers use, agricultural soils dust, lithology, biomass burning and fossil fuels can be the major contributing factors to explain the chemical composition of rainwater at Jaú River watershed, Dois Córregos city (SP).

Avaliação de um sistema florestal de curta rotação de Eucalyptus spp. em função da desbrota e adubação

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Biomass consumption and CO2, CO and main hydrocarbon gas emissions in an Amazonian forest clearing fire

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Multiobjective 0-1 integer programming for the use of sugarcane residual biomass in energy cogeneration

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Experimental aspects of biomass fuels in a bubbling fluidized bed combustor

This work presents experimental information relevant to the combustion of biomass in a bubbling fluidized bed. The biomass distribution in a fluidized bed was studied through tests performed in a cold bed, while the volatiles released in the biomass pyrolysis, the burning rate of the resulting charcoal, and the combustion control regime, were studied through tests performed in a high temperature bed.Visual examination of photographs taken from a transparent walls bed, with a rectangular cross-section, showed that the large fuel particles, typical of biomass processing, were distributed in the bubbles, in the splash zone, and in the emulsion phase. The occurrence of biomass in the emulsion phase was favored by burning biomass particles of greater density and smaller size-expetimentally determined in each case. Decreasing the fuel particle size improved the biomass distribution inside the bed. The same was accomplished by increasing the superficial gas velocity as high as possible, compatibly with the acceptable elutriation.Burning tests showed that the biomass fuels have the advantage of reaching the diffusional regime at temperatures that can be lower than 1000 K, which ensures that the biomass fuels burn in a stable regime. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Multiobjective optimization of economic balances of sugarcane harvest biomass

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)