Substituição de importações e as origens da indústria petrolífera no Brasil

The aim of this article is to introduce the context when was created the Brazilian oil industry during the period known as “process of substitution of importation”, under influence of the 1930´s Liberal Revolution. The absence of national private capital, ally to disinterest of multinationals oil companies for developing this sector, particularly during the 1930´s, forced Brazilian State to structuralize a system to regulate and to stimulate oil production from a new entity: the National Oil Council, which takes for itself the task to building the Brazilian oil industry during the period 1938-1953.

Interno e internacional: fronteiras, continuidades ou semelhanças? Notas sobre Gramsci e Waltz relacionadas ao Terceiro Debate teórico em Relações Internacionais

The aim of this text is to provide a brief discussion on possible similarities, equal formulations and differences concerning internal level and international level from a critical comparison between a brief presentation of Antonio Gramsci’s and Kenneth Waltz theoretical formulations.

Gramsci, Clausewitz, guerra e política

The aim of this text is to draft an answer to the following questions: What is the relationship between war and politics in Antonio Gramsci’s thought? How is it possible to make a relationship of war and politics according to Gramsci with Prussian general Carl von Clausewitz’s same themes? The main hypothesis of this article points to understand that war as a metaphor of politics approach – predominant point in Gramsci’s approach of war – has a broader meaning that war as an interstate conflict, which is Clausewitz’s concept. Although the war is connected with politics in both authors, interstate conflict has a stronger emphasis in clausewitzian sense and a wider sense of war as politics is found in gramscian approach.

Comparison of polymers and ceramics in new and discarded electrical insulators: reuse and recycling possibilities

The expansion and maintenance of electricity distribution networks generates large amounts of waste, much of it in the form of discarded insulators that are not reused or recycled. This paper describes the results of tests on used and new ceramic and polymeric insulators to verify if their exposure to weathering justifies their replacement. In new and used ceramic insulators, properties such as contact angle, relative density, porosimetry, dilatometry and X-ray diffraction patterns showed no differences or the differences that were found could not be related to their use. The discarded ceramic material showed high thermal stability, an interesting characteristic for application as chamotte. It can also be reused to replace gravel used in substations. In polymeric insulators, thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry and relative density test results suggest degradation of used material compared to new. This would justify their replacement and discard as waste, but they show little recycling potential.

Physical and mechanical properties of particleboard bamboo waste bonded with urea formaldehyde and castor oil based adhesive

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Physical and mechanical characterization of a recycled polypropylene and wood flour without additives

Recycled polymer matrix composites reinforced with wood flour can be a viable alternative for the replacement of wood and virgin polymers in materials used in floors, door frames, windows and external cladding. The objective of this research was to determine some physical and mechanical parameters of composite made with Pinus taeda and elliottii wood flour (WF) and recycled polypropylene (PP), without the use of compatibilizers or additives. The composites were separated into four traits, namely 100% PP, 90% PP with 10%, WF 80% PP with 20% WF and 70 % PP with 30% WF. The characterization of the composite followed the standards ASTM D-638-10, ASTM D256-00, ASTM D570 -98, ASTM D1238 -10 and ASTM G 155-05, it was also employed the surface analysis by scanning electron microscopy. The dimensional stability tests showed satisfactory results. Even the composite with a higher percentage of wood flour (30%) had a flow index of 10 MFI, considered compatible with that observed for PP (polypropylene) virgin by standard ASTM D 1238-10. The inclusion of wood flour (FM) afforded composites with good mechanical characteristics which can be applied in manufacture of different materials, specifically employed outdoors.

Development of organic-inorganic polymeric film formers for controlled drug release and wound care

Film forming polymeric systems represents a new and unexplored technology of systems forskin or wounds protection and for controlled drug release. The aim of this work was to study the use of polymeric organic-inorganic ureasil-polyether hybrids synthesized by the sol-gel process as film forming system containing silver sulfadiazine as model drug. The film formationtime can be controlled by changing the precursor/catalyst ratio used during the step of hydrolysis and condensations. The results showed that the precursor/catalyst proportion influences both the visual characteristics and time required to form the film. The precursor/catalyst ratio equal to 20.8 m/v was considered ideal due to promote the homogeneous and transparent film formation in less than 5 minutes. The release profile of sulfadiazine is dependent on the characteristics of the matrixes: matrix more hydrophobic as ureasil-POP provided a slowed released mainly due to the low swelling of the matrix. The more hydrophilic ureasil-POE matrix presents a large capacity to swell and favors the faster release of the drug. The set of results showed the possibility of future use of these systems for treating wounds caused by burns.

A construção de um 'baú de sobrantes'

Neste artigo, focalizar-se-á o romance Balada da Praia dos Cães, enfatizando, particularmente, a contribuição dos diversos discursos constituintes dessa narrativa de José Cardoso Pires (2000) na construção de uma das tensões de seu romance: a relação entre ficção e realidade. Paralelamente, analisar-se-á como a recorrência a essas diferentes manifestações textuais está vinculada a uma leitura crítica do romance policial, como também da própria sociedade portuguesa.

Perfil de ácidos graxos em batatas Chips comercializadas em são José do Rio Preto - Brasil

The objective this study was to evaluate the fatty acids profile of samples of chips potato marketed in the city of São Jose do Rio Preto-SP. We collected samples of 10 brands of chips potato, obtained from 3 different batches. The fatty acids profile was obtained by gas chromatography, with peak identified by retention times with standards of methyl esters and the results calculated and expressed as g/100g of the sample. The fatty acids profile in chips potatoes from different brands were on average 39.22% for saturated fatty acids, 39.64% for monounsaturated, 18.60% for polyunsaturated and 2.43% for trans fatty acids.

Capacidade antioxidante e estabilidade oxidativa de Gengiber officinale

The main objectives of this work were to evaluate the antioxidant activity and to determine of an ethanolic ginger extract total phenolic compounds concentration, as well as verifying its behavior by means of the oxidative stability, when added to refined soybean oil in concentrations of 0, 500, 1000, 1500, 2000 and 2500 mg/kg. The maximum antioxidant activity and EC50, concentration of the extract to achieve 50% of the antioxidant activity, value determined by free radical DPPH method were 79.1% and 42.6 g/mL, respectively. The total phenolic compounds concentration, determined to Folin-Ciocalteu method, was 251 mg/g. The induction period of the samples increased according to the augment of the extract concentration in the oil when evaluated using oxidative stability through the Rancimat equipament. It was possible to conclude that the ginger extracts possess effective action against the lipid oxidation and can be applied in foods as natural antioxidant.

Compostos bioativos benéficos presentes em castanhas e nozes

Epidemiological studies have shown an inverse relationship between nuts, including walnuts, intakes and chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases and cancers. The nuts contain phenolics compounds and flavonoids and are rich in tocopherol, phytosterols, and squalene. They are sources of carbohydrates, essential fatty acids and minerals. Since walnuts contain high levels of n-3 fatty acids and low unsaturated fatty acids, high levels of vitamin E, pholyphenols, flavonoids, arginine and fiber. The compounds possible beneficial effects are due to their antioxidant and antiproliferative activities, which are linked to a reduced risk for developing atherosclerosis and cancer. In recent years, the consumers have been showing an increased interest in nuts and walnuts because of their nutritional qualities and their potential beneficial effects on people’s health This review aims to describe the importance of beneficial bioactive compounds present in nuts and walnuts.