Geotecnologias para a análise da bacia hidrográfica do Córrego Wenzel - Rio Claro/SP: proposta de gestão de recursos hídricos

The expansion of urban in medium-sized citie, increase the importance of action planning and management of natural resources, among which water is the most important. Such action should include the integration of physical and man-made elements involved. In this context, it becomesimportant for watershed analysis and the use of geotecnologies. Thus, the objective was to demonstrate the contribution of the geo, as a tool for managing a river basin, allowing the integration of physical data and the analysis of anthropogenic environmental scenarios in urban areas. The area chosen, the basin of the Wenzel, is located in Rio Claro / SP, a city whose urbanization process has been intense and continuous. Thematic maps were generated from the physical environment: soil, slope and geological, as well as maps of land use. With regard to land use maps, these were drawn from the visual interpretation of material aerophotogrammetric, considering the years 1995 and 2010, performing an evolutionary analysis. It was observed that the area presents small variation in the physical and structural aspects, with lithological and geomorphological formation favoring the occurrence of floods, erosion and siltation. These processes are accelerated by the forms of land use, with intense urbanization during the period between 1995 and 2010, and poor preservation of permanent preservation areasand. In the floodplain areas there is a high waste disposal is the most notable environmental problem

Fácies, diagênese e arquitetura estratigráfica de reservatórios deltaico-lacustres da fase rifte (formação pendência), campo Serraria da Bacia Potiguar

Of the four lacustrine deltaic models, which were found in the Pendência formation, two are represented in the Serraria field. Respectively the deltaic models 1 and 3 shows the reservoir zones A and B. The Zone A is divided into six sub-areas. Each is representing a smaller cycle of development of sigmoidal lobes of deltaic front. Zone B produces in reservoirs of Model 3, or so called Full delta. The Zone B is formed by overlapping the deltaic plain system over the deltaic/prodeltaic front (model 1). This work uses the method of zooming with the aim to contextualize the geometric aspects of the sand bodies, highlighting the analysis of facies and diagenesis with help of pictures and testimonies of thin sections. The sigmoidal lobes of Zone A are fine to very fine sandstones, well sorted, with a arcosian composition.;practically with a weak compaction and cementation of a kind of film of clay (if very fine) and overgrowth feldspar (fine texture). This silicate phases are succeeded by cementation of poiquilotópica calcite, and after this a stage of dissolution, containing only regular permoporosity for this reservoir. Zone B has a combination of two types of deltaic plain reservoir. One is the rarest of distributary channel and the other the most common of lobes of crevasse. In the channel coarse to medium-grained and poor to moderate sorted sandstones are formed (tuning up), and with a lytic arcosiana nature. Rarely there are cements, including growth of feldspar and rhombohedral dolomite, which prevent a high permoporosity of the reservoir. In the crevasse lobes, the sandstones are laminated, fine and well sorted, arkosic, rarely with overgrowth feldspar and calcite poiquilotópica, and with a good intergranular permoporosity

Estudo da distribuição e das densidades larvais do bivalve invasor Limnoperna fortunei (Dunker, 1857) nos principais corpos d’água da bacia do rio da Prata

O mexilhão-dourado (Limnoperna fortunei) é um bivalve de água doce pertencente à família Mytilidae. Originário de rios e arroios da China e do sudeste asiático, foi introduzido acidentalmente na América do Sul em 1991, no estuário do rio da Prata, provavelmente através de água de lastro. Como encontrou condições propícias para o seu desenvolvimento, se expandiu através dos rios Uruguai, Paraná e Paraguai, sendo atualmente o principal responsável pelo macrofouling em ecossistemas de água doce do continente. O presente estudo compreende uma área de grande extensão na bacia do Rio da Prata, onde foram amostrados pontos estratégicos nos rios Paraná (e seus principais afluentes), Uruguai e Paraguai. A partir de coletas de organismos do plâncton, realizadas por arrasto vertical, foram quantificadas as densidades de larvas de L. fortunei em cada local de amostragem. Assim, obteve-se um panorama atual da ocorrência do mexilhão, registrando-se, inclusive, alguns limites de sua distribuição. As densidades mostraram-se, no geral, elevadas, provavelmente em decorrência do período de amostragem (verão 2010), onde a atividade reprodutiva da espécie é maior devido às altas temperaturas. Porém, grandes variações ao longo da bacia foram registradas, o que pode estar relacionado ao grau de antropização, disponibilidade de substratos, velocidade da corrente, tempo de introdução, entre outras variáveis

Avaliação das taxas de erosão química e física na bacia hidrográfica do Ribeirão Jacutinga (SP)

Currently with the growing technological advancement and global, new areas are being devastated, and as a result, the erosion became more frequent causing loss of soil, infiltration capacity of the surface and weathering of rocks. In this way, environmental studies are increasingly frequent to understand the environment in which we live, but also to avoid any degradation of the same and of finite natural resources, which are essential for human life. From this, this work has as main goal, analyzing the rates of chemical and mechanical erosive watershed of Ribeirão Jacutinga, at its mouth, in the city of Rio Claro, supporting environmental studies and sustainable development today. Order to reach these values were measured and total dissolved solids in suspension in the stream during the months from January to July 2012. As results included higher rates of both physical and chemical weathering in the rainy months, especially january

A influência do uso da terra nas características limnológicas da água em microbacias: um estudo de caso na bacia do rio Corumbataí, SP

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Diversidade genética por marcadores microssatélites de progênies de Tabebuia heptaphylla da região da bacia do médio Tietê

Os recursos genéticos existentes, atualmente, são de suma importância para garantir a preservação de espécies florestais, uma vez que parte delas vem sofrendo excessiva exploração por se tratar de espécies economicamente importantes ou simplesmente devido à ação antrópica. Tendo em vista este panorama, o presente trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de fornecer subsídios genéticos para a conservação da espécie ipê-roxo. Analisou-se 31 progênies de Tabebuia heptaphylla da região da Bacia do Médio Tiête. Utilizaram-se três locos, sendo um dos primers desenvolvido para o gênero Tabebuia e os outros para outros gêneros. O parâmetro Fst analisado mostrou haver uma menor diversidade entre progênies (21,47%) que dentro delas (78,53%). O coeficiente médio de endogamia, Fis, para a espécie, apresentou um valor relativamente alto (0,276) quando comparado com a literatura para espécies florestais. A taxa de cruzamento foi de 0,808, revelou que a espécie tem sistema reprodutivo misto, com tendência para a alogamia. As autofecundações foram de 19,2%, a percentagem de irmãos completos foi de 11,23%, de meios-irmãos foi igual a 69,57% e o coeficiente de coancestria ( xy) foi de 0,1776

Caracterização dos reservatórios do grupo Macaé no Campo de Garoupa - Bacia de Campos - por meio de interpretação sísmica e perfis de poço

The study area is the Garoupa Field, located 75 km from the coast of Rio de Janeiro in bathymetric elevation of 125 m and it is the first important offshore discovery of the Campos Basin with hydrocarbon production in the Albian carbonates. The high significance of carbonate rock reservoirs for the global oil industry and its degree of complexity, combined with the fact that the Garoupa Field is a mature field, make this research project interesting to develop a re-exploratory vision of the study area. The objective of this paper is to characterize the physical properties of the Macae Group reservoirs in the Garoupa Field through well correlation techniques, petrophysical analysis and seismic interpretation (3D), in order to evaluate qualitatively and quantitatively the response of geophysical data to the presence of carbonate rock reservoirs. From the analysis of well profiles (gamma ray, resistivity, density and sonic) it was possible to identify six reservoir levels in the Quissamã Formation. As a result, the reservoirs have good correlation between the wells in the Garoupa Field and show lateral facies variation. In the seismic interpretation, structural contour maps were generated in time (ms) from the top of the Macae Group and two horizons that correspond to the reservoir levels. These maps show that the oil producing area of this field is a structural high located at the west of the interpreted seismic cube, and it was classified as a rollover limited by lateral faults forming a horst. The seismic attribute maps show a good response to the reservoirs of the Garoupa Field because they are associated with amplitude anomalies, verified by the correlation between the physical properties of the reservoir rock and seismic data through cross plots, with emphasis in a linear correlation between the resistivity profile and the values of Maximum Absolute Amplitude and RMS Amplitude attributes

Grãos em carbonatos marinhos cretácicos da Bacia Potiguar: formações Ponta do Mel e Jandaíra

This work aims to identify and photograph grains that compose important Cretaceous carbonate units of the Potiguar Basin, represented by the Ponta do Mel and Jandaíra formations (Albian-Campanian). Petrographic investigation of thin sections was essential. The samples studied come from wells and surface samples from the collection UNESPetro – UNESP, Rio Claro. In the Ponta do Mel Formation, the grains consist of ooids, oncoids, peloids and bioclasts. Regarding to the identified bioclasts, the solenoporacean red algae, mollusks (bivalves and gastropods), echinoids, foraminifera, ostracods and worms were the dominant elements. In the Jandaíra Formation, the grains are composed by ooids, peloids and bioclasts, which are represented by green algae, mollusks (bivalves and gastropods), benthic foraminifera miliolids, worms, echinoderms and ostracods. The grains found in the Ponta do Mel Formation are somewhat similar to those found in the Jandaíra Formation, with the exception of calcareous algae. The subsurface material from the Ponta do Mel Formation is derived from the upper part of the unit, representing marine high-energy carbonates, which also contains ooids and Trocholina. The samples of Jandaíra Formation, collected in outcrops, often contain green algae, mollusks and miliolids, and come from inner shelf and lagoon facies previously described

Caracterização de sedimentos do testemunho NAP61-1 da plataforma continental da bacia de Santos por meio de susceptibilidade magnética

A parameter commonly used in investigations of environmental magnetism is the magnetic susceptibility (MS), which is the quantitative measure of the ability of magnetization of a specific material in the presence of an induced magnetic field. The present study aimed to determine the magnetic susceptibility of sediments collected on the continental shelf near the Santos Basin, southeast of the São Sebastião island (25°57.97’S 45°07.81'W), seeking to identify the possible source area of terrigenous sediments and the flow patterns of siliciclastic sediment yield in the area. It was used particle size analysis and contents of organic matter and calcium carbonate to characterize the sediments, besides paleomagnetism parameters. The analyzed material - core NAP61-1 - was collected using the piston corer sampler in 60 meters water depth, recovering 3.98 meters of sediment core. As from experiments, cyclicity was observed in relative abundance between sand and silt, most likely due to rapid and cyclical variations in the depositional environment. In general, the MS values are low, and show that the sand supply (terrigenous material) has a certain consistency, probably having the same origin. More absolute age is still necessary to establish clearly the events marked here

Geologia das coquinas-reservatório do Campo de Pampo, Bacia de Campos

The Pampo oil field is located in the southwest of the trend Badejo-Linguado-Pampo in an accumulation of single - mixed trap: structural-stratigraphic-diagenetic. Its main reservoir is a coquina shell of bivalves (the lowest) in the Lagoa Feia Group. During the rift phase, the Badejo-Linguado-Pampo trend´s accumulations evolve according to three tectono-stratigraphic cycles. The first two cycles are formed by siliciclastic rocks with fining up sequences and carbonates coquinas bivalves. The youngest cycle related to Alagoas age is a transgressive event represented by the presence of an evaporitic layer in the top (anhydrite). This study aims to characterize the reservoir Coqueiros Formation based on the analysis of 2D and 3D seismic data and well data-correlation profiles. The structural map of the top of coquinas reservoir indicates a curvilinear contour of Pampo Fault as described on the literature. This fault was interpreted on seismic data as a basement´s high, and it doesn´t show influence on the horizons above the top of Lagoa Feia Group. The Pampo fault is responsible for the division of the field into two blocks: the hanginwall in the West and the footwall to the East. This division is well marked on the reservoir´s isopach map where a greater thickness of reservoir is observed on the lower block. In the Southeast extreme of Badejo-Linguado-Pampo trend, on Pampo Field, the thick siliciclastic´s interval ends laterally to the basement, and its lower´s cycle forms a wedge, as consequence the carbonate-coquina overlaps directly the basement. Another implication of the higher and distal position of Pampo field is that the third cycle is absent, truncated by the unconformity pre-Macaé Group (Albian)

Aspectos reprodutivos de três espécies de Curimatidae (Characiformes) em um reservatório do Rio Mogi Guaçu, bacia do Alto Rio Paraná, São Paulo, Brasil

Os curimatídeos são espécies comuns em ambientes lênticos represados, artificialmente construídos. Estudar o ciclo reprodutivo de uma espécie é fundamental para a compreensão da biologia reprodutiva da população em seu ambiente. Por isso, o presente estudo analisou os aspectos da biologia reprodutiva dos sagüirus Cyphocharax modestus, C. cf. nagelii e Steindachnerina insculpta (Curimatidae), no reservatório da pequena central hidrelétrica Mogi Guaçu, município de Mogi Guaçu, estado de São Paulo. Os exemplares foram coletados bimensalmente entre agosto de 2005 e julho de 2006 com o auxílio de redes de emalhar (malhas 1,0 a 5,0 cm entre nós adjacentes), totalizando seis amostras. No total, foram analisados 777 exemplares, sendo 525 de C. modestus, 82 de C.cf. nagelii e 170 de S. insculpta. A dinâmica reprodutiva foi analisada considerando-se os períodos seco e chuvoso. A fecundidade foi estimada de acordo com o método volumétrico a partir da análise de 168 pares de ovários maduros, sendo 121 de C. modestus, 18 de C. cf nagelii e 29 de S. insculpta. Também foram estimadas as relações gonadossomáticas médias e as correlações do número total de ovócitos em relação ao peso e ao comprimento para cada uma das três espécies. Os resultados encontrados apontaram para desova total (sincrônica em dois grupos) para as três espécies. O número médio de ovócitos foi de 15.309 a 28.825 para C. modestus, 29.031 para C. cf. nagelii e 27.206 para S. insculpta.

Determinação de Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb e Zn em águas marinhas oriundas da Bacia Potiguar utilizando a técnica de difusão em filmes finos por gradiente de concentração (DGT)

The DGT technique has been used to determine and better understand the dynamics and bioavailability of metals in the sea near to marine outfalls. In this work, the DGT was assessed for the determination of Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn and Ni in marine water samples from Potiguar Basin in its conventional aspect (binding agent, Chelex-100 and diffusive agent: Diffusive polyacrylamide gel (D) and restrictive (R)) and determination of Pb and Cd through its alternative aspect (binding agent: Saccharomyces cerevisiae immobilized in agarose gels and diffusive agent: 3MM Chromatography Paper). The deployment curves for long periods of immersion in the sample, showed a good linear correlation for the conventional aspect to Zn (D: R²=0.9586, R: R²=0.9444), Ni (D: R²=0.9789, R: R²=0.9286) and Cu (D: R²=0.764, R: R²=0.8143), and alternative to Pb (R²=0.9228) and Cd (R²=0.9673). The results of the organic and inorganic composition analysis in conventional aspect, showed that for every element there is no significant fraction of organic compounds in the sample. In addition, considering the alternative aspect, the comparison of obtained and expected masses suggests that some of the Pb is not labile and that the main retention mechanism of Pb for S. Cerevisiae occurs through ion exchange

A antropogeomorfologia na bacia do Córrego do Cavalheiro - Analândia/SP: uma avaliação da dinâmica do uso da terra e sua adequabilidade a legislação ambiental e a capacidade de uso

The assessment of land use dynamic can be an instrument for analysis in anthropogeomorphology, which would allow one to verify the human geomorphological actions and its various implications in changing the original morphology for the creation of a human morphology. This study aimed to consider the land use dynamics and its interference in the morphology of Cavalheiro Stream Basin. From this assessment, to understand the implications of land use in the creation of a human morphology, as well as to analyze if the current use is in accordance with the legal restrictions placed by ongoing environmental legislation and with the ability to land use. The chosen of this studied area was due to assumptions raised by Pinton (2007) for changes in the dynamic of rainwater erosion of this area caused by human actions, specially the cultivation of sugar cane in morphologies that are unfit for it. The search took as methodological support the principles that concern the General Systems Theory, trying to see the watershed as an open system. The geomorphological data, of land use and of legal restrictions to the use and occupation of land, were collected from different cartographic techniques. Besides, it was developed a sketch map of land use capacity by adapting the technique proposed by Lepsch (1983). This way, the data obtained in this survey are considered capable to provide subsidies for the identification of changes in original morphology of the Cavalheiro Stream Basin and the genesis of a human morphology, as well as conflicts and adjustments of current land use in environmental system and on the legal restrictions outlined in the ongoing environmental legislation, contributing to a proper environmental planning with the characteristics of the physical environmental system of this basin

Estudo do reservatório de coquinas do grupo Lagoa Feia (Eocretáceo) na acumulação de Linguado, sudoeste da Bacia de Campos

The Linguado Field is located in the extreme southwest portion of Campos Basin. It’s associated with Structural Badejo High and can be divided in two groups of faults: one manly formed by antithetic faults, with NW-SE direction, continuous to Badejo Fault, and another identified by N-S faults. Besides these faults had affected the basement and the stratification of basin, these systems also had contributed to coquina permoporosity development, that show 80% of recoverable oil volume of the field. The carbonate marine sequence, Albian age, it was deposited under the salt. This forms structures as like as pillows and raft as a result of the halocinese. Structurally the Linguado Field coquina has monoclinal direction with east dip, it’s cut by faults with slip up to 50 meters. In addition to structural control, stratigraphy and diagenesis also were important to carbonate trap oil. The identification of recoverable oil levels in the low phase of the coquina from Lagoa Feia Group was done by well data. The seismic 2D and 3D, with the well data, was used to structural interpretation to regional scale either to reservoir scale.

Filogeografia e estrutura populacional de Astyanax paranae (Pisces: Characidae) na Bacia do rio Paranapanema

Atualmente, crescentes esforços vêm sendo desenvolvidos no sentido de se caracterizar a ictiofauna Neotropical de riachos do ponto de vista taxonômico e sistemático, porém a estrutura genética destas populações ainda é pouco conhecida, sendo escassos os estudos sobre filogeografia dessa ictiofauna. Considerando que Astyanax paranae representa a única espécie do complexo scabripinnis na bacia do Alto rio Paraná, a ausência de dados moleculares populacionais e as evidências citogenéticas e morfológicas de que esta espécie não represente uma unidade monofilética, faz-se necessário um amplo estudo filogeográfico e filogenético em Astyanax paranae. O presente projeto teve como objetivo caracterizar a variabilidade genética em populações de Astyanax paranae e estabelecer as relações filogenéticas filogeográficas entre as linhagens mitocondriais na bacia do rio Paranapanema. As análises foram realizadas através da análise de sequências do DNA mitocondrial a partir do gene Citocromo B (cyt b) que foram completamente seqüenciados. Foram analisadas 8 populações de Astyanax paranae: 2 populações da bacia do rio Pardo, 1 Córrego Hortelã, 2 Véu de Noiva, Botucatu/SP; 4 populações da bacia do rio Tibagi, 1 população Maria da Serra/PR; 1 Ponta Grossa/PR, 1 Cambé/PR, 1 Castrolanda/PR; 1 população do rio Itapetiniga, rio Itapetininga, Itapetiniga/SP.; o número de indivíduos por população variou de 1 a 5. Como grupo externo foram analisados 1 população de Astyanax altiparanae com 3 indivíduos (Véu de Noiva pt2, Botucatu/SP); 1 população de Astyanax fasciatus com 5 indivíduos (região de Itapetiniga/SP) e 1 população de Astyanax bockmanni com 2 indivíduos (Véu de Noiva pt2, Botucatu/SP); num total de 39 indivíduos. Entre as...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)