47 resultados para hortaliça


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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Horticultura) - FCA

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Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Horticultura) - FCA

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A alface é a hortaliça folhosa mais consumida no Brasil. No entanto, a dificuldade em produzi-la vem aumentando, principalmente pela infestação das áreas de produção por Bremia lactucae, sendo o uso de cultivares com resistência horizontal, a alternativa mais viável no controle da doença. Diante do exposto, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi obter progênies de alface crespa resistentes às raças de míldio SPBl:01, SPBl:02, SPBl:03, SPBl:04, SPBl:05, SPBl:06 e SPBl:07. O trabalho de melhoramento consistiu de duas etapas: cruzamento dos parentais para obtenção das progênies de alface crespa resistentes e teste de resistência das progênies às raças de B. lactucae. Os parentais utilizados na obtenção das progênies resistentes foram Argeles e linhagem JAB 4-13-7, visando a obtenção de progênies de alface do tipo crespa, com os fatores de resistência R-18 e R-38. Para tanto, adotou-se o método genealógico, tendo como padrão, para as seleções, a cultivar Hortência e o genótipo JAB 4-13-7. Após a seleção e autofecundação das plantas no campo, efetuou-se o teste de resistência ou suscetibilidade, por meio da inoculação nas progênies oriundas dos cruzamentos, de uma mistura de água destilada + esporângios de B. lactucae das raças SPBl:01, SPBl:02, SPBl:03, SPBl:04, SPBl:05, SPBl:06 e SPBl:07 obtidas de isolados coletados nos anos de 2008 a 2010. Quinze dias após a inoculação, as plântulas foram selecionadas, descartando aquelas que possuíam esporulação e pontos necróticos causados por B. lactucae. Pelo método genealógico, selecionaram-se 69 progênies F3 com boas características agronômicas. No entanto, após o teste de resistência ou suscetibilidade, somente 19 apresentaram todas as plantas resistentes ao míldio.

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The efficiency of vigor tests in assessing the physiological potential of seeds depends on their standardization for different species. In this context, the research aimed to study specific methodologies to evaluate the vigor of spinach seeds (Tetragonia tetragonoides). For this purpose, five lots of spinach seed cv. New Zealand were submitted to germination, first count of germination, seedling emergence in the field, accelerated aging (with and without use of saturated solution of NaCl at 41and 45 ºC for 24,48 and 72 hours), controlled deterioration (18,21 and 24% seed water content adjustments for 24 hours at 45 ºC) and electrical conductivity tests with variations inwater volume (25, 50 and 75 mL), seed quantity (25 and 50) and soaking period (1, 2, 4, 8,12, 16 and 24 hours) at 25 ºC. The first count test allowed obtaining preliminary information about seed vigor, and other tests in general showed similarity with seedling emergence in the field. Thus, it was concluded that traditional accelerated aging test 24 h /41 ºC and accelerated aging test with saturated salt solution for 24 h at 41 ºC and 45 ºC, and controlled deterioration test with 21% seed water content / 24 h / 45 ºC were all efficient for evaluating the physiological potential of spinach seeds.

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Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Genética e Melhoramento de Plantas) - FCAV

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Chicory is a vegetable Amazon unconventional flavor that has attracted the attention of researchers for its great versatility, which makes it a promising vegetable. However, jobs are scarce in the literature on cultivation techniques for the species. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of pruning tassel floral and different spacing, the yield on Amazon chicory. Three different spacings: E1 = 0.15 x 0.15 m, with 44 plants m(2), E2 = 0.20 x 0.20 m, with 25 plants m(2), and E3 = 0.25 x 0.25 m, with 16 plants m(2), with and without pruning floral tassel. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design in a split plot design 3 x 2, with six replications. The characteristics evaluated were: number of leaves, fresh weight and dry weight of shoots, number of tassel floral tassel floral fresh weight, yield (kg m(-2)), and leaf area index (LAI). The largest production of chicory Amazon was obtained in plants grown at a spacing of 0.25 x 0.25 m subjected to pruning floral tassel. The highest yield for Amazon chicory was obtained in plants grown at a spacing of 0.15 x 0.15 m submitted pruning floral tassel.

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Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Horticultura) - FCA

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Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Horticultura) - FCA

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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The aim of this study was to verify the carrot cooking most suitable method to minimize nutrient losses. Carrot peel slices were subjected to pre cooking tests that were initiated with 0.5 min of duration and then increased in 0.5 min successively. The carrot pieces texture was monitored during the pre tests so all would havethe same texture independent of the type of cooking. The degree of softennes was evaluated by pressuring the pieces between the toes. The carrot pulp and pell were subjected to four types of heat treatment (pressure, immersion, microwave, and steam), after that they were pounded with a food processor and stored at -18 ºC. The nutritional analyses were as follow: The evalu determination of proteins, lipids, fibers, sugars reducers, total of ascorbic acid content and minerals (iron, calcium, zinc, magnesium, potassium, phosphorus, and calcium). The analyses were accomplished with fresh carrot and after cooking with the different methods. The peel of the carrot presented as amounts of proteins, lipids, fibers percentages, sugars reducers, total and ascorbic acid content equivalent to the pulp. In addition, the minerals content was superior in the peel in relation to the pulp, presenting respective percentages of 38,10%, 95,12%, 47,04%, 58,88%, 70,27% and 21,27%. There were nutrient losses in relation to the raw vegetable, when the carrot pieces were submitted to the different cooking methods. The methods of steaming and microwave had lower nutritional losses.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Produção Vegetal) - FCAV

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Pós-graduação em Agronegócio e Desenvolvimento - Tupã