The influence of dietary vitamin C and E supplementation on the physiological response of pirarucu, Arapaima gigas, in net culture

This study evaluated the efficacy of dietary vitamin C (ascorbic acid or AA), vitamin E (α-tocopherol or α-T), and C + E supplementation on the blood parameters of Arapaima gigas grown in net cages for 45 days. Four treatments were tested: control (commercial feed); C800; E500 and C + E (800 + 500) with supplementation of 800 mg AA kg- 1, 500 mg α-T kg- 1 and 800 + 500 mg AA + α-T kg- 1, respectively. Hematocrit (Ht), red blood cells (RBC), and hemoglobin concentration (Hb) (oxidative status indicators), thrombocytes and leukocytes (immunological indicators), plasma protein and glucose were evaluated. Fish fed vitamin C and C + E supplemented diets showed greater weight gain and survival. Dietary vitamin C and C + E diet supplementation resulted in increased Ht, Hb, RBC, MCHC, total leukocytes, total proteins, thrombocytes and eosinophils compared to the control and α-T. The α-tocopherol-supplemented diet reduced the number of total thrombocytes, lymphocytes and neutrophils and increased glucose and eosinophils relatively to the control. In general, leukocytes and thrombocytes were good indicators of the efficiency of vitamin on the defense mechanism of the A. gigas reared in cages. Results indicate that high α-T diet supplementation provides no benefit for the maintenance of the oxidative or the immunological status of A. gigas. However, it was demonstrated that high dietary AA improves A. gigas immunological status. Red blood cell indices and immune system indicators showed no synergistic effect between the vitamins after supplementing the A. gigas diet with α-T + AA. © 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Levedura íntegra e derivados do seu processamento em rações para tilápia do Nilo: Aspectos hematológicos e histológicos

The effects of inclusion of whole yeast, autolyzed yeast and yeast cell wall on hematological parameters and gut villus perimeter were evaluated in juvenile Nile tilapia, after 80 experimental days. Isoproteic (32.0% DP) and isoenergetic (3200 kcal DE kg -1) practical diets were supplemented with three levels of whole yeast or autolyzed yeast (1.0, 2.0 and 3.0%) and three levels of yeast cell wall (0.1, 0.2 and 0.3%), plus a control diet (with no test microingredients). Red blood cell count, hemoglobin concentration, total plasmatic protein, hematocrit percentage, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration and gut villus perimeter were evaluated. Variations on hematological parameters in animals fed diets with whole yeast; autolyzed yeast and yeast cell wall were observed to be within normal ranges for this species. There was significant influence (p<0.05) of different levels of yeast and derivatives on intestinal villus perimeter. Results showed that experimental period and proposed levels of whole yeast, autolyzed yeast and yeast cell wall do not provide undesirable alterations on standard hematological parameters to Nile tilapia and can be safely used to compound diets for this species. Results also showed that supplement of yeast cell wall provide higher intestinal villus perimeter.

Eritrograma e medição dos eritrócitos de avestruzes (Struthio camelus) em Sãojosé do Rio Preto-SP, Brasil

Ostriches' erythrocytic parameters help on the diagnosis of specific pathologies and serve as basic knowledge for studies in comparative avian pathology. To obtain reference values of erythrocyte indices for ostriches (Struthio camelus) raised in a commercial system in Brazil and verify if there are differences between gender and age groups, 240 healthy from both sexes animals were bled. Heparinized blood samples were analyzed using standard techniques to determine the red blood cell (RBC) count, hemoglobin concentration, packed cell volume (PCV), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) values, besides the red cell morphometry analysis using a computer software that calculates the greater and the smaller diameters of the erythrocytes. Prior to data analysis, ostriches were divided into three different age groups: from four to 13 months, from 13 to 23 months and from 23 to 30 months the. Younger ostriches presented lower erythrocyte indices than the older ones. The age group effect was only significant in females for the erythrocyte, hemoglobin, MCV, MCH, and MCHC variables. The female ostriches presented PCV, MCV, MCH, and MCHC values significantly higher than males in some age groups. It was observed that the erythrocytes of the female ostriches are more elongated and larger than males. It was concluded that erythrocytic parameters of ostriches in São José do Rio Preto-SP, Brazil are influenced by gender and age, highlighting the importance of consider besides these factors also the geoclimatic conditions to an adequate interpretation of the erythrogram.

Supplementation with protected fat to manage gastro-intestinal nematode infections in Santa Ines sheep

This experiment aimed to determine the influence of supplementation with protected fat on nematode infections in periparturient sheep or sheep in their final stage of pregnancy. Fifty Santa Ines ewes received 200 g of concentrate/animal/day, mineral salt and water and were grouped according to their weight, hematocrit and the number of eggs per gram of feces (EPG). Two diets were used: a control treatment and a treatment consisting of supplementation with 30 g/animal/day of protected fat in the concentrate. Three monthly evaluations were performed over a total of 84 days of testing. The variables analyzed were weight, body condition, EPG and coprocultures; blood tests were performed for the determination of packed cell volume, hemoglobin concentration and total plasma protein, and leukograms and eosinophil counts were performed. For weight and hemoglobin concentrations, interactions were observed between diet and collection date (P<0.05); body condition, total plasma protein, packed cell volume and total leukocytes did not differ statistically among treatments (P> 0. 05) but did differ by collection day (P <0.05). The EPG and eosinophil counts did not differ statistically by either diet or collection date (P>0.05). The genus Haemonchus was predominant, followed by the genera Cooperia, Trichostrongylus and Oesophagostomum. The protected fat did not decrease EPG and did not improve the blood parameters of infected sheep.

Incorporação de probióticos na dieta para juvenis de tilápias-do-nilo: Parâmetros hematológicos, imunológicos e microbiológicos

Probiotics are generally considered as live microorganisms which, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit to the host. The processing method of diet and the form of inclusion of probiotic can interfere in hematological, immunological and microbiological parameters in fish. The aim was to estimate the hematological, immunological and microbiological parameters in juveniles of Nile tilapia, fed probiotic, included before and after the process of pelletization and extrusion. The experimental design was completely randomized, with five treatments: pelleted diet without probiotic, pelleted diet with inclusion of probiotic before and after processing, extruded feed without probiotic and extruded feed with inclusion of probiotic after processing and five replications. Two hundred and fifty fish were distributed in 25 aquaria (20 L) and fed for 63 days. The blood composition (red and white) showed no significant differences except mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration of control when compared to other treatments. The phagocytic capacity of the animals that had received the extruded diet supplemented with probiotic was significantly higher when compared to the other treatments. However, there were no differences between the treatments regarding to the phagocytic index. Fish fed the extruded diet exhibited significant improvement in the nonspecific immunity. The probiotic bacteria colonized the intestine, since it was possible to recover them. We can affirm that these fishes remained healthy, because the hematological parameters were not altered during the experimental. The study shows that any form type of inclusion in the feed tested (before or after and after pelletizing extrusion) may be easily used by the fish farmer.

Suplementação dietética de selênio e vitamina E: variáveis fisiológicas e desempenho de juvenis de pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Hemograma e teores séricos de Na, K, Mg, Ca e P de cães hígidos submetidos à administração de cisplatina

Pós-graduação em Cirurgia Veterinária - FCAV

Estudo eritroleucométrico e proteinograma do sangue do cordão umbilical e da jugular de eqüinos e asininos ao nascimento e de suas respectivas mães

Pós-graduação em Cirurgia Veterinária - FCAV

Estudo da segurança da dose terapêutica oral do firocoxib em equinos

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Parâmetros hematológicos e bioquímicos séricos de jumentos (Equus asinus) da raça Pêga

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Avaliação da transferência de imunidade passiva em bezerros de vacas da raça Canchim

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Eritrograma e morfometria eritrocitária de avestruzes (struthio camelus) criados na região de São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brasil

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Hematologia e histopatologia de tilápias (Oreochromis niloticus) vacinadas e desafiadas com Aeromonas hydrophila e Streptoccocus agalactiae

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FCAV

Suplementação com gordura protegida na infecção por nematódeos gastrintestinais em ovelhas Santa Inês

Pós-graduação em Ciência Animal - FMVA

Ação da própolis sobre parâmetros hematológicos e bioquímicos séricos e seu efeito no bem-estar de papagaios-verdadeiros (Amazona aestiva) em cativeiro

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)