54 resultados para TRASTORNOS CARDIOVASCULARES


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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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Pós-graduação em Fisiopatologia em Clínica Médica - FMB

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The volume-controlled mechanical ventilation and spontaneous ventilation, through haemogasometric, cardiovascular and spirometry variables were evaluated. Twenty-eight rabbits were distributed into two groups: GIVC (isoflurane and volume-controlled ventilation), GIVE (isoflurane and spontaneous ventilation), GSVC (sevoflurane and volume-controlled ventilation) and GSVE (sevoflurane and spontaneous ventilation). Induction was performed by mask with isoflurane (GIVE and GIVC) or sevoflurane (GSVE and GSVC) at 1.5 MAC in 100% oxygen. To maintain anesthesia, MAC was reset to 1. In GIVC and GSVC groups, rocuronium was administered at a dose of 0.6 mg/kg followed by its continuous infusion (0.6 mg/kg/h). In GSVE and GIVE, 0.9% NaCl was administered instead of rocuronium. Controlled ventilation was started by adjusting the capnometry in order to obtain values between 35 and 45 mmHg. Parameters were measured 60 minutes after induction of anesthesia (M0), 15 minutes after the bolus of rocuronium or 0.9% NaCl (M15) and every fifteen minutes (M30, M45 and M60). Hypercapnia and acidosis was evident in GIVC, GSVC and GSVE. We concluded that the volume-controlled mechanical ventilation was not able to maintain normocapnia in rabbits, producing acidosis in them, especially when using sevoflurane. The use of isoflurane showed greater stability than the sevoflurane anesthetic in the species studied.

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Adopting a healthy lifestyle it is critical for the prevention of high blood pressure and is an indispensable part of the treatment of those with hypertension. High levels of physical activity and greater fitness are associated with reduced incidence of hypertension. However until the beginning of the 1990 decade, the resisted exercise was not inclued at the internacionals statements for people with heart disease. Fortunately, in the past few years, this type of exercise started to take into account as a possible strategy for the first and second prevention of diferents cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study it is to evaluate, through a systematic review, the contribution of the resisted exercise on the cardiovascular responses in hypertensive male adults. Twenty eight articles were pre-selected for this study, four attend to the requirements. The results were not consistent in this review, only the diastolic blood pressure demonstrated decrease in three of the four studies, in circuit protocol as much as in the conventional protocol. Otherwise one study proved an increase in the VO2max, wich is an important data, because it is an anaerobic exercise and, an improve was not expected. An other article analised the harm issues of the Valsalva manouvre, where it was presented the maximum blood pressure values (345/245 mmHg) and evidences of lower blood pressure rises in the intra-arterial, intrathoracic and intra-abdominal pressures when the exercise was performed without the manouvre, enhancing the necessity to avoid the use of this manouvre in hypertensive individuals.

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Este trabalho tem o objetivo de analisar a morbi-mortalidade por doenças do aparelho respiratório e circulatório na população de Passa Quatro - MG, descrevendo o comportamento das internações e dos óbitos segundo os tipos de agravos, o sexo e a faixa etária. As informações, que serviram de base para o estudo, foram obtidas através das Autorizações de Internações Hospitalares do SUS – Ministério da Saúde (DATASUS). Observou-se que as doenças cardiovasculares, no geral, levaram a mais internações e óbitos, sendo a população feminina a mais afetada. Houve um decréscimo no número de internações por pneumonia, e aumento nos casos de DPOC em mulheres. As internações por doenças respiratórias apresentaram um padrão sazonal mais marcante, principalmente pneumonia e asma

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Plumbism is considered the oldest occupational disease. Among the pathophysiological effects associated with lead (Pb) are cardiovascular disorders. Many diseases that develop later in life are determined during the early stages of life, under the influence of exposure and preferred diet of the mother. Still, one should consider that many environmental contaminants at levels not harmful can determine pathophysiological processes if physical or chemical stressors and/or pathological conditions are present. In this context, the intrauterine malnutrition may represent an additional risk factor in exposure to Pb during pregnancy and lactation. For these reasons, the objective of this study was to evaluate the cardiovascular risk of weaned rats that have suffered perinatal exposure to Pb and intrauterine malnutrition, alone or in combination. After mating, female rats were divided into control (ctrl, ad libitum), food restriction (RA, the same diet 50% of consumption in the control group during pregnancy), exposed to Pb (500 ppm Pb in drinking water during pregnancy and lactation) and association (As, received the last two procedures in combination). Cumulative concentration-effect curves (CECs) to CaCl2 and noradrenaline (NA) were obtained in rings with and without endothelium of the same thoracic aorta from male weaned rats (23-25 days old). Maternal weight, litter weight, weight and number of pups at birth, anogenital distance, arterial blood pressure (ABP) and weight of tissues (kidney, liver, aorta, left ventricle) were evaluated. Changes in vascular reactivity were assessed by the maximum response (MR) and 50% effective concentration (EC50). Data were presented as mean ± SEM. Statistical analysis was performed by multifactorial analysis of variance and Tukey's post test. Body weight of dams did not differ between the experimental groups, except on the...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)

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A inatividade física é uma das principais causas de morte no mundo, e um dos principais fatores de risco para doenças não transmissíveis. Os fatores de risco destas doenças podem ser prevenidos com modificações no estilo de vida, que reduz eventos cardiovasculares e aumenta a sobrevida de pacientes portadores ou em risco de coronariopatias. Entendendo de como estes agentes casuais se predispõem ao surgimento de cardiopatias, o acompanhamento de fatores de risco ajudam na identificação de sinais antecessores à doença, que podem ser modificados, atenuados e até mesmo revertidos. O objetivo do presente estudo foi de verificar a influência de um ano de prática regular de Atividade Física nas variáveis bioquímicas (bioquímicas (glicose, triglicérides, HDL, LDL, e colesterol total), circunferência de quadril e abdominal e Indice de Massa Corporal (IMC) de seus praticantes. Participaram do presente estudo 25 mulheres com idade superior a 40 anos participantes iniciantes do Programa de Exercício Físico na Atenção Básica da cidade de Rio Claro-SP. As atividades foram realizadas com frequência de três vezes por semana, em sessões de 60 minutos. Foram realizadas três análises laboratoriais (início, após 4 meses e um ano de intervenção) das variáveis bioquímicas (glicose, triglicérides, HDL, LDL, e colesterol total). Os principais resultados do presente estudo demonstraram que após quatros meses de intervenção a circunferência abdominal e o LDL apresentaram menores valores do que no início do programa. Entretanto, após um ano de intervenção a circunferência do quadril, abdominal, LDL, glicose e colesterol total apresentaram maiores valores do que quando comparado com os valores após os 4 meses. Com base nos resultados antropométricos percebe-se que houve melhores resultados aos quatro meses de intervenção do que com um ano de intervenção. Provavelmente o que ocorreu no caso do presente estudo se deve pela...